著者

北村 次一

出版者

関西学院大学

雑誌

經濟學論究 (ISSN:02868032)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.1, pp.57-86, 1968-04-25

著者

北村 次一

出版者

経営史学会

雑誌

経営史学 (ISSN:03869113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.2, pp.47-70, 1971-11-10 (Released:2009-10-14)

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The main purpose of the article is to analize the last stage of developments in the modern entrepreneurship in Germany. After the foundation of the Reich, crisis in 1873 marked the gradual transformation of the lasses-faire economy of free competition into the monopolistic capitalism. Concentration movement was the main feature of the age. The writer describes the two instances. The one is Vereinigte Maschinenfabrik Augsburg und Maschinenbaugesellschaft Nürnberg A.G., a case of a<offene Fusion>of two mashine companies in Bavaria in 1898. The another case of merger between Hegenscheidt and Caro was more complicated. The two groups which had been highly competitive, were, through a trasitional form agreed in 1887, finally fused into Oberschlesische Eisenindustrie A.G. für Bergbau und Hüttenbetrieb in 1889. A typical metamorphosing entrepreneur was Einil Kirdorf, who was at the same time general manager of Gelsenkirchener Bergwerk-A. G., succeeded in joing the greatest coal cartel, Rheinisch-westfälisches Kohlensyndikat in 1893 and took up his post as chairman.The writer concludes that in the eighteen-nineties, with the advance of concentration into large scale enterprise (cartelisation, trustification), a new type of entrepreneurs began to be originated. A leading personalily, seating on the Pupervisory Board (Aufsichtsrat) or becoming a top (or a member) of Managing Board (Vorstand), fulfiled his entrepreneural tasks through cartel, trust or “Konzern”.

著者

北村 次一

出版者

経営史学会

雑誌

経営史学 (ISSN:03869113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.2, pp.52-65, 1983-07-30 (Released:2009-11-06)

著者

北村 次一

出版者

経営史学会

雑誌

経営史学 (ISSN:03869113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.2, pp.33-60, 1969-10-25 (Released:2009-11-11)

参考文献数

36

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Under German colonialism a series of colonial companies (Kolonialgeselschaft) were organized to obtain basic economic control over German colonies. The establishments numbered 73 during the comparatively short term possession of colonies, from 1884 to 1914, playing an important part in the activity of German imperialism. [After World War I, notwithstanding the loss of all the colonies, 85 companies were newly organized or reorganized and shouldered the task of continuing colonialism without colonies (Kolonialismus ohne Kolonien).] This paper deals with genealogy and types of prewar colonial companies and aims to appraise their historical roles and results.In German East Africa and in the Pacific colonies, three chartered companies (Schutzbriefgesellschaft) were formed, by means of Schutzbrief copied from the English Royal Charter ; Deutsch-Ostafrikanische Gesellschaft (=DOAG, 1884-1890), Neu-Guinea-Kompagnie (1884-1890) and Jaluit-Gesellschaft (1888-1906). (1888-1906). They were active in the acquisition of colonies and the assumption of territorial sovereignty. Realizing Bismarck's colonial policy, they intended to collect the monopolistic profits. After short lives, they converted into ordinary companies.Another type of colonial company is the Konzessionsgesellschaft. In the Cameroons, South West Africa and Togo, the Government granted concessions (land or rights) to certain companies for the special purposes of constructing railways or issuing bank- notes. Kamerun Eisenbahngesellschaft and Deutsch-Ostafrikanische Bank are examples of these cases ; they too got exclusive profits.Various private companies in German colonies were grouped into the third type of colonial companies, participating positively in the accomplishment of colonial policy. Plantagengesellschaft and Handelsgesellschaft are typical of them ; the former had its own function in the production process of colonial economy, and the latter in the circulation process.From the business historical point of view, the writer investigates many-sided managements of colonial enterprises and analyzes the intensity of native labour.

著者

北村 次一

出版者

関西学院大学

雑誌

經濟學論究 (ISSN:02868032)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.2, pp.21-37, 1992-07-20