著者

吉岡 剛彦

出版者

九州大学法政学会

雑誌

法政研究 (ISSN:03872882)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.3, pp.385-408, 2019-12-18

著者

吉岡 剛彦

出版者

日本法社会学会

雑誌

法社会学 (ISSN:04376161)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2012, no.77, pp.14-34, 2012 (Released:2021-04-19)

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This paper focuses on faith−based medical neglect in order to analyze the problem, how should social majority, which manages legal system, respond to disobedience of religious minorities. As an object of case−study I take up an incident, in which a seven−month−old baby boy died of serious atopic dermatitis. In this case parents of the dead baby were arrested and prosecuted for Abandonment Causing Death by Person Responsible for Protection. Police and public prosecutor claimed, “These parents neglected to take their baby to the hospital and gave him no appropriate medical cure.” However parents did “cure” by means of “Therapeutic Touch” (placing their hands near a patient), based upon their religious belief. Their behavior was regarded as “medical neglect” by reason that they did not cure their baby based on Modern Western Medicine. In this paper I would show relativity and limitation of Modern Western Medicine (that Modern Western Medicine is one of various curing methods, therefore we could never say that Modern Western Medicine is the one and only appropriate medical cure) with the help of studies on “Complementary and Alternative Medicine” (CAM), History and Philosophy of Science, Medical Anthropology. In the end this paper comes to conclusion (1) that curing method based on Modern Western Medicine cannot be superior to other methods, for example, “Therapeutic Touch” on religious doctrine (both of them are in principle placed on an equal plane), (2) that “We” namely social majority should manage legal system and state power in moderate and reflective posture. In the discussion on moderation and reflectiveness it made reference to studies on “crime of conscience” in German legal philosophy, especially to Gustav Radbruch’s argument about “Überzeugungstäter.” Radbruch suggested that person (“Überzeugungstäter”), which commits to offense for political / religious reasons, should receive imprisonment without hard labor in order to save her / his honor.

著者

吉岡 剛彦

出版者

日本法哲学会

雑誌

法哲学年報 (ISSN:03872890)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2006, pp.179-189,260, 2007-10-30 (Released:2010-12-16)

参考文献数

39

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This paper is about Arthur Kaufmann's legal philosophy. Especially it focuses upon his theories of “the right to cheap resistance, ” “the principle of tolerance, ” and “relational person, ” which Kaufmann took into much account in his later years. These theories are related to his basic thinking on ontology of law (right), legal hermeneutics, legal methodology. I will try to describe Kaufmann's design for “an ideal society” by my own evolutional interpretation of his legal philosophy. In this description I pay attention to his insistence that statutory law (positive law) should be moderate or last resort (ultima ratio). The ideal society in Kaufmann's legal thought is, I think, a society through which voices of people (minorities) raising objections to the status quo can be circulated surely, and in which other people pay respect to the voices and can be stimulated to break away from their present viewpoints by “another vision” of the society in the voices.

著者

木原 誠 朱雀 成子 早瀬 博範 吉岡 剛彦 相澤 照明 相野 毅 田村 栄子

出版者

佐賀大学

雑誌

基盤研究(C)

巻号頁・発行日

2005

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三年間に亘る本研究の目的は、「国際文化学」の理念構築、及びその建築された理念を速やかに教育現場で実践していくための教育図書を備えた研究の出版にあった。この目的は、一昨年の『ヨーロッパ文化と日本』、昨年度の『歴史と虚構のなかの<ヨーロッパ>-国際文化学のドラマツルギー』(共に昭和堂)の出版において一つの結実をみた(さらに、今年度は『国際文化学と<旅・移動>』という表題で出版を予定)。研究に関してはすでに二冊の教育研究図書刊行により、すでに十分、企図を達成していたことから、最終年度にあたる平成19年度は、やや不十分であった実践的側面に重点をあてることを最大の課題に掲げた。その具体的成果は、佐賀大学文化教育学部に一昨年より新しく開講された「国際文化学概論」での教育の実践、具体的には、本研究により出版された二冊の図書を教科書に用いて、本研究の研究者全員がオムニバス形式で授業を行ない、その後、改善の検討会議を行なうことにより遂行された。また、本年度は、これまでの本研究成果を踏まえて、国際文化学会の研究会を「B面の国際文化学」という表題のもとで、佐賀大学で開催したことも特記しておきたい(尚、本研究の成果のあらましは、国際文化学誌、平成20年度『インターカルチュラル』で、「佐賀大学における国際文化学の歩み」という表題で掲載予定)。