著者

塚野 路哉 千代 章一郎

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.735, pp.1239-1246, 2017 (Released:2017-05-30)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

2

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The influence of Le Corbusier (1887-1965) upon the architectural works of Kunio Mayekawa (1905-1986) has often been recognized in studies. Moreover, Mayekawa himself mentioned that he had been influenced by “Dom-ino (1914)” as Le Corbusier insisted. Having said that, among the “5 points of modern architecture (Les 5 points d'une architecture nouvelle, 1929)” reflected in principle by Dom-ino, only the roof garden was continued by Mayekawa throughout his design activities. If the roof garden in Mayekawa Kunio's works is the only method borrowed from Le Corbusier before, during, and after the war, we can obtain a new idea regarding the construction theory of Kunio Mayekawa by clarifying how Le Corbusier influenced his use of this element. I have used the drawing material and anthologies of Mayekawa Associates Architects & Engineers as my primary sources concerning the works of Mayekawa. I have considered the roof gardens included in Mayekawa's works from these primary materials, classified them into four periods based on existing studies, and thus understood each outline by period (Chapter 2). Next, I have analyzed the elements of the roof garden, upon which Kunio Mayekawa particularly focused at the influence of Villa Savoye (1932) and Unité d'Habitation de Marseille (1952), based upon the drawings and photographs by Kunio Mayekawa (Chapter 3). In addition, I have analyzed the influence of Le Corbusier upon Mayekawa's roof garden by considering the differences between, and similarity to, Mayekawa's roof garden and his interpretation of that of Le Corbusier (Chapter 4). As a result, I have clarified the following two aspects of Le Corbusier's influence upon Mayekawa's roof garden. 1. Mayekawa continued to focus upon Le Corbusier's roof garden in his works and used those designs in Japan as a solution to the problems faced by society. In fact, Mayekawa's roof gardens have been compared to the works of Le Corbusier, each of which Mayekawa had visited. Mayekawa's roof garden can be explained by its relation to the Villa Savoye (1932) or Unité d'Habitation de Marseille (1952). 2. Kunio Mayekawa's acceptance of Le Corbusier's roof garden showed particularly after World War II. In the first period after the war, Mayekawa referred to the style of the composition's elements established in the roof garden of Villa Savoye directly. In the second period after the war, he applied the organic style of the composition elements arranged in the roof garden of Unité d'Habitation de Marseille by abstracting it and making it geometric. In the third period after the war, by applying the relation between a hanging garden and a roof garden at the Villa Savoye to his own roof garden, he added visual indoor-outdoor continuity, as well as a strolling pathway to a roof garden in public buildings. Therefore, Kunio Mayekawa kept his eye upon Le Corbusier's work (which he experienced himself) in the creation of his roof gardens, regardless of whether he referred to their shape. Moreover, Kunio Mayekawa applied the elements that referenced spatial composition rather than referencing forms as he entered the late stage of his career.