- 著者
- 林田 真梨子 鎌田 由佳 大田 智子 児島 沙由梨 増見 恭子 村田 成範 木下 健司
- 出版者
- 一般社団法人日本衛生学会
- 雑誌
- 日本衛生学雑誌 (ISSN:00215082)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.70, no.2, pp.134-138, 2015 (Released:2015-05-21)
- 参考文献数
- 15
- 被引用文献数
- 2 7
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify associations between ALDH2 and ADH1B genotypes and ethanol-induced cutaneous erythema and assess the accuracy of an ethanol patch test in young Japanese women. Methods: The subjects were 942 female Japanese university students. They were given an ethanol patch test and examined for ethanol-induced cutaneous erythema both immediately after removing the patch and 10 minutes after removing the patch. A saliva sample was used to determine the ALDH2 and ADH1B genotype of each subject by realtime PCR. Results: The sensitivity and specificity of erythema immediately after removing the patch as the marker for the presence of inactive ALDH2 were 69.6% and 87.7%, respectively, and the sensitivity and specificity of erythema 10 minutes after removing the patch were 85.2% and 85.1%, respectively. The sensitivity of erythema after 10 minutes was markedly lower in the ADH1B*1/*1 carriers than in the ADH1B*2 carriers (8.3% vs. 89.7%, p<0.0001), and the specificity was significantly higher in the ADH1B*1/*1 carriers than in the ADH1B*2 carriers (96.9% vs. 84.3%, p<0.05). Conclusions: Overall, both sensitivity and specificity were satisfactorily high, but having the ADH1B*1/*1 genotype prevented a positive reaction for inactive ALDH2 and caused false-negative results. The data also suggested that having the ADH1B*2/*2 genotype caused a positive reaction in subjects with the ALDH2*1/*1 genotype. Despite these exceptions, the ethanol patch test has enough accuracy and can be used easily to subjects who don’t drink alcohol. This is a valuable tool for improving the health literacy of younger generation subjects.
1 0 0 0 OA 次世代への遺伝子および遺伝子検査教育のための研究
本研究における教育活動として、当初の高等学校での出前講義・実験および大学での初年次教育に加え、小学生とその保護者、飲料関連企業、薬局などで、遺伝子検査を含むゲノム科学リテラシーセミナーを実施し、遺伝子に関する教育方法および解析技術を改良した。アルコール遺伝子検査を行った大学では3年次以降での追跡調査も開始した。教育方法の改善に加えて、高校での遺伝子実験法の改良により、生徒自身が実験を主導できる実験系プロトコールを開発し、個人情報取り扱いを含めた高校生主体プロジェクトの開始に向けた検討を行った。また大学でのアドバンス科目用として遺伝子情報取り扱いのための基礎技術も開発した。