著者

高橋 智子 園田 明日佳 古宇田 恵美子 中村 彩子 大越 ひろ

出版者

The Japanese Society of Nutrition and Dietetics

雑誌

栄養学雑誌 (ISSN:00215147)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.5, pp.231-240, 2008-10-01 (Released:2010-04-30)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

2 1

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The physical properties of gel samples of varied hardness were examined and the intake quantity per mouthful investigated in healthy subjects for its effect on the swallowing characteristics, mastication method, and swallowing frequency. The samples were prepared from gelatin and an agar-derived gelling agent of varied molecular weight. The subjects, regardless of the quantity per mouthful of the sample, recognized the difference in such oral senses as stickiness and ease of swallowing. Gel samples, taken in small portions, that were soft, highly adhesive, and with a high tan δ value (viscosity element divided by elasticity element) were squashed between the tongue and palate by most of the subjects before swallowing, rather than masticated with the teeth. It was also found that the greater the adhesiveness, elasticity element G′ in the linear region, torque and viscosity element G″ in the non-linear region, the higher was the frequency of swallowing until the gel sample had been completely swallowed. The overall results demonstrate that humans alter the mastication method and frequency of swallowing until the food has been completely swallowed according to the physical properties of the food.

著者

堤 徳正 宇田 恵美 木内 環 人見 重美

出版者

Japanese Society of Environmental Infections

雑誌

環境感染 (ISSN:09183337)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.4, pp.404-407, 2003-10-27 (Released:2010-07-21)

参考文献数

20

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Yeasts in the oral cavities of newborns with thrush can transmit to other patients through devices used for milk feeding. We examined the efficacy of boiling with a domestic microwave oven for disinfection of nipples used by patients with thrush. Nipples, used by three patients with thrush, were cleansed by nursing staff and cultured in tryptone broth with 2% glucose at 37° for seven days. Yeast grew in eight of 17 samples with cleansing and all of 15 samples without cleansing (p=0.001). Next, other nipples used were cleansed and boiled by microwave for ten minutes in a container with one liter of tap water. The nipples were left in the container for an additional 50 minutes or more, and individually cultured similarly. Yeast grew in none of 32 samples with cleansing and boiling, and in 32 of 37 samples without cleansing and boiling (p<0.0001). These findings indicate that the combination of hand cleansing and boiling in a microwave oven is an effective procedure for disinfection of nipples contaminated with yeast and that hand cleansing without boiling can significantly but insufficiently wash the organism off contaminated nipples.