著者

富本 靖 Tomimoto Yasushi

雑誌

學苑 = GAKUEN (ISSN:13480103)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.872, pp.14-26, 2013-06-01

---

The author reviews the history and the status quo of European and American physical education and explains that Japanese modern physical education has its origin in Herbert Spencer's Education; Intellectual, Moral, and Physical(1860). The author also discusses several problems in Japanese physical education that contradict the stated goals of the program, and explores measures teachers should take to resolve these contradictions. The problems are as follows. First, children have very few opportunities to learn the rules and histories of sports, though schools introduce a variety of sports into their curriculums. They put too much emphasis on moving the body. Second, since physical education is driven by competitive, results-oriented curriculums in which children do not have many chances to receive individualized instruction that matches each child's ability, physically less able children fall behind and give up, and therefore they are alienated from their teammates. This is not conducive to building team spirit. There have been attempts to address this by deemphasizing rankings and prizes, but this can nullify feelings of achievement. The author concludes that European and American styles of physical education which allow children more freedom to enjoy sports are more effective for nourishing children's all-round personality, and also strongly suggests that adopting "sport pedagogy," a comprehensive science born in recent years, will solve these problems.

著者

富本 靖 Tomimoto Yasushi

出版者

光葉会

雑誌

學苑 = GAKUEN (ISSN:13480103)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.872, pp.14-26, 2013-06-01

---

The author reviews the history and the status quo of European and American physical education and explains that Japanese modern physical education has its origin in Herbert Spencer's Education; Intellectual, Moral, and Physical(1860). The author also discusses several problems in Japanese physical education that contradict the stated goals of the program, and explores measures teachers should take to resolve these contradictions. The problems are as follows. First, children have very few opportunities to learn the rules and histories of sports, though schools introduce a variety of sports into their curriculums. They put too much emphasis on moving the body. Second, since physical education is driven by competitive, results-oriented curriculums in which children do not have many chances to receive individualized instruction that matches each child's ability, physically less able children fall behind and give up, and therefore they are alienated from their teammates. This is not conducive to building team spirit. There have been attempts to address this by deemphasizing rankings and prizes, but this can nullify feelings of achievement. The author concludes that European and American styles of physical education which allow children more freedom to enjoy sports are more effective for nourishing children's all-round personality, and also strongly suggests that adopting "sport pedagogy," a comprehensive science born in recent years, will solve these problems.

著者

富本 靖 Yasushi Tomimoto 昭和女子大学 Showa Women's University

出版者

昭和女子大学近代文化研究所

雑誌

學苑 = GAKUEN (ISSN:13480103)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.800, pp.36-49, 2007-06-01

---

In this paper the author examines the historical background of physical education. Wherefrom it came, whereto it goes and how it should be in the future? Chapter 1 discusses its historical background as well as pointing out the problems it contains from the beginning. Chapter 2 focuses on the historical backgrounds and thoughts on the physical education in the United States of America and China eliciting the typical conditions of both the Western and Asian countries. Conditions in Japan are also compared in this chapter. Chapter 3 explores the ideal way the school physical education should be and our future task is shown.