著者
高野 恵美子 Takano Emiko
出版者
昭和女子大学近代文化研究所
雑誌
學苑 = GAKUEN (ISSN:13480103)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.846, pp.28-39, 2011-04-01

Abstract As B.L.Whorf(1956)pointed out, each language has "fashions of speaking," Japanese speakers tend to like subjective construal, while English speakers tend to like objective construal. This paper explores how differences between English and Japanese construal affect the usage of motion verbs COME and GO in both languages. Analyzing English and Japanese COME and GO, we learned that Japanese speakers usually take the speaker's viewpoint. Thus, in Japanese, when the motion is directed towards the speaker as the goal, the verb COME(kuru)is used, and when the motion is directed away from the speaker's location, the verb GO(iku)is used. In English, however, a speaker often shifts his/her viewpoint to the hearer and takes the hearer's viewpoint perhaps because of empathy and respect for the hearer. We concluded that Japanese is a speaker-centered monologue-type language, while English is a hearer-centered dialogue-type language.
著者
重松 優 Yu Shigematsu
出版者
昭和女子大学近代文化研究所
雑誌
学苑 (ISSN:13480103)
巻号頁・発行日
no.930, pp.65-72, 2018-04

This brief essay is a case study of a young Japanese man's intercultural experience between 1870-73. Kenzo Hirosawa, an adopted son of the prominent Chōshū politician Saneomi Hirosawa, had a rare opportunity of living with the US consul in Tokyo for almost a year before leaving for New York to study. Articles written about Kenzo and his uncatalogued papers illustrate the vivid and often turbulent aspects of international education in early Meiji period.
著者
番場 美恵子
出版者
昭和女子大学近代文化研究所
雑誌
学苑 = Gakuen (ISSN:13480103)
巻号頁・発行日
no.909, pp.37-51, 2016-07-01

Gakudo-hoiku-shisetsu(after-school childcare facility, the whole system is also called gakudo)provide after-school day-care of elementary school age children whose parents are both working, and of children of single parents. Some local governments provide after-school child-care services for all elementary school age students and in some cases gakudo is included in the services. Yokohama city provides the above services separately, using classrooms of elementary schools for the general student population, while using private houses, apartments and other facilities for the gakudo children. For the purpose of finding out(1)the effect of locating gakudo outside of schools while other students’ after-school activities take place inside schools, and(2)environmental problems related to gakudo, the author surveyed 9 gakudo facilities in K-ward, Yokohama city. The staff responded to a questionnaire and inquiries. Analysis of the results shows that having gakudo in smaller venues and with smaller numbers of children enables better communication and increased comfort; that for the children, moving to the facility after school brings about a positive change; and that locating gakudo outside of schools helps ensure that local buildings are fully utilized. But the interior and exterior environment of many of these off-site facilities remain inadequate. The change to the system that may be most urgently needed is to find better off-site venues. This is where the administration could intervene most effectively.
著者
中土 純子
出版者
昭和女子大学近代文化研究所
雑誌
学苑 = Gakuen (ISSN:13480103)
巻号頁・発行日
no.916, pp.82-91, 2017-02-01

The System for Self-Support of Needy Person was established in 2000 as a second safety net, with the aim of building up a comprehensive support system that would enable poor people to attain independence and dignity. This paper traces the history of how that system was adopted, and discusses how it is related to the Public Assistance Act. The paper also looks at how the system actually works, and points out the problems it has. The author argues that customized services designed by educated and experienced professional social workers are one of the keys to the success of this system.
著者
重松 優 Yu Shigematsu
出版者
昭和女子大学近代文化研究所
雑誌
学苑 = Gakuen (ISSN:13480103)
巻号頁・発行日
no.930, pp.65-72, 2018-04-01

This brief essay is a case study of a young Japanese man’s intercultural experience between 1870-73. Kenzo Hirosawa, an adopted son of the prominent Chōshū politician Saneomi Hirosawa, had a rare opportunity of living with the US consul in Tokyo for almost a year before leaving for New York to study. Articles written about Kenzo and his uncatalogued papers illustrate the vivid and often turbulent aspects of international education in early Meiji period.