著者

小俣 利男 オマタ トシオ Toshio OMATA

出版者

東洋大学社会学部

雑誌

東洋大学社会学部紀要 = The Bulletin of Faculty of Sociology,Toyo University (ISSN:04959892)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.2, pp.115-141, 2009-03

著者

小俣 利男 オマタ トシオ Toshio OMATA

出版者

東洋大学社会学部

雑誌

東洋大学社会学部紀要 (ISSN:04959892)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.2, pp.115-141, 2009-03

著者

小俣 利男

出版者

公益社団法人 日本地理学会

雑誌

地理学評論 Ser. A (ISSN:00167444)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.10, pp.567-584, 2001-10-01 (Released:2008-12-25)

参考文献数

29

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本研究では,従来の大地域別・州別分析では実態把握上限界があった,ソ連時代末期のロシア共和国における主業分布にっいて集落別の検討を試みた.まずソ連時代の工業・都市両概念を整理後,工業構成と州別工業分布を概観した.それを受けてモスクワ,チェリャビンスク,イルクーツク3州の工業企業に関するデータベースを作成し,企業数や業種の観点から集落別工業分布を検討した.その結果,国内中核部への工業集中と周辺部の採取工業割合の高さが示された.また,採取部門が工業に含められることに起因する見かけ上の分布拡大と周辺部の工業化,および集落特性と工業立地の密接な関係,とりわけモスクワ地域を筆頭とする大都市への顕著な工業集中が明らかになった.そのような大都市工業集中をもたらしたのは,工業の比較大都市指向性と行政中心地指向性であり,前者の典型的な業種は機械・金属加工,後者のそれは出版・印`刷であることも明らかにされた.

著者

小俣 利男

出版者

公益社団法人 東京地学協会

雑誌

地學雜誌 (ISSN:0022135X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.121, no.4, pp.699-716, 2012

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&emsp;The discipline of geography in Russia has evolved during the twenty years since the systemic transformation of Russia following the collapse of the Soviet Union. Viewed from a historical perspective, geography has undergone distinct changes throughout the Imperial, Soviet, and current Russian eras. In this sense, the history of geography in Russia is richer and more complex than it may seem at first glance. When discussing the present situation of geography in Russia, it is important to consider historical continuity and discontinuity. Accordingly, this paper examines the present situation of geography in Russia, partly by adopting a historical approach, based primarily on previous literature.<br>&emsp;The following main characteristics of geography in Russia were identified. Russia has two kinds of scientific center&mdash;the Academy of Sciences and the universities&mdash;in addition to its famous Geographical Society and large national territory. As a result, Russia has become one of the world leaders in the fields of geography and geographical education. Russian geography includes a wide range of fields of geography, known in Russia as the &ldquo;geographical sciences,&rdquo; and has experienced ecologization since the late 1970s. The influence of the systemic transformation on geography, although it varies by field, has not completely ceased today. Recently, new sources of support for the development of geography have emerged. One of the factors involved in most of the above-mentioned characteristics is the relationship between geography and the government. This concept is used to explain changes in the discipline of geography from the Imperial era to the present.