著者
川分 圭子
出版者
経営史学会
雑誌
経営史学 (ISSN:03869113)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.36, no.2, pp.1-26, 2001-09-25 (Released:2009-11-06)

Merchant bankers and the modern trading system emerged between the 1830s and 1850s. Before these changes, it was commission merchants that were engaged in both trade and finance. They bought or sold goods on others' accounts and advanced from one half to three-fourths of the total amount of goods to the consignors. This financing system, the advance on consignments, was developed in the Netherlands in the seventeenth century and introduced to Great Britain in the end of the eighteenth century. Aside from selling and buying on consignment and trade finance, some commission merchants sold insurance and dealt with securities and sometimes speculated on their own accounts.To study the business of commission merchants, therefore, would contribute to understanding how international commerce and finance were managed, as well as the early insurance business and stock transactions before the modern system was established. But the business of commission merchants has never been seriously researched. The case studies of merchant bankers, which are relatively abundant, include few remarks about their activities in the earlier days when they were still commission merchants rather than merchant bankers.The author has been researching George Philips & Co., London, intending to complete one case study of a commission merchant house. The business records of this firm exist for a very short period, from 1801 to 1803, but its activities extend widely, from serving as an agency for import and export, trade finance, banking, to broking of marine insurance. In this essay, the author provides an overview of its transactions first and later elaborates on its marine insurance business.
著者
川分 圭子 Keiko KAWAWAKE 京都府立大学文学部歴史学科
出版者
京都府立大学学術報告委員会
雑誌
京都府立大学学術報告. 人文 = The scientific reports of Kyoto Prefectural University. Humanities (ISSN:18841732)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.63, pp.57-110, 2011-12-01

West India trade had been the most flourishing sector in British economy between the late seventeenth and the end of the eighteenth century. Under the old colonial system, the colonies were forced to trade only with the mother country but also enjoyed preferential tariffs for their products. But by the early nineteenth century, the economy of British West Indies started to decay because of the world-wide increase of sugar production and the fall of the price. From then, the British government gradually abandoned the protection to the colonies and adopted the free trade policy and even abolished the slave trade and the slavery. How did the West India interests react to the abolition? Traditionally, they were considered to resist strongly. But the only most distinguished West Indians have been researched. Much more people than ever identified had concerns in the West Indies. Many banks and merchants financed planters. Properties of many annuitants, women or orphans were invested into West India merchant houses. Such creditors had no direct relation with West Indies and some of them had strong sympathy to the abolitionism. But they also can be included in the West India interest group in the economic sense. The author tries to identify wider range of West India interests and analyze their behavior in the House of Commons. It is true some of them acted vigorously to oppose the abolition, but others tended to keep silent and even voted for the abolition.