著者

市川 昌

出版者

放送大学

雑誌

放送教育開発センター研究紀要 (ISSN:09152210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, pp.171-199, 1993

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The purpose of this paper is to review the developments of the mass lecture system in undergraduate courses in many university. In Japan, especially, lecture of 100 students or more are not uncommon in humanities and social sciences subjects. Under this circumstances the attitude of students in large lectures is deteriorating. The educational effect of mass lectures is limited unless interactive educational technologies such as audio visual methods or demonstrations are employed feedback communication channels between the professor and students. The German sociologist J. Habermas emphasized the rationality of communication must be to develop mutual understanding and agreement, but most of lectures are insufficient from this view point. Academics are major changes in what they teach, new methological approaches to the way they teach and trends in the needs of students of the new generation. This paper will also introduce means for improving teaching softwear for higher education (EDUCOM/NCRIPTAL) in the USA in 1980-1990. Good softwear can be used to structure and connect information based on the context. The training of academic personnel and the study of teaching methods in mass undergraduate education same as the UK and the USA is necessary in Japan.

著者

市川 昌弘 高松 徹 松尾 貴史 岡部 永年 阿部 豊

出版者

社団法人日本材料学会

雑誌

材料 (ISSN:05145163)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.483, pp.1406-1411, 1993-12-15

被引用文献数

2 2

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Rolling fatigue tests were carried out on hot isostatically pressed silicon nitride bearing balls.At three load levels of the maximum Hertzian contct pressure p_<max>=5900,6740 and 7110 MP_a,13 balls each were tested,and the life distribution was studied.It was found that the rolling fatigue life followed approximately a 2-parameter Weibull distribution with the shape parameter of a 〓 1 at each load level.The relationship p^k_<max>L_<50>=const(x〓10) was found between p_<max> and the median life L_<50>.Microscopic observationof flaking was also performed,and two types of flaking were found.One is flaking with the depth of the order of 100μm,and the other is a shallower one.The depth of the former type was found to coincide aproximately with the depth at which the maximum shear stress ocurred.At lower load levels,the former type was dominant.Frequency of appearance of the latter type increased with an increase in load level.Comparing the shape parameter of a〓1 and the exponent of x〓10 mentioned above with those for the cylic bending fatigue of plain specimens of silicon nitride,it was suggested that the mechanism of rolling fatigue of silicon nitride was different from that of cyclic bending fatigue of the same material.

著者

市川 昌

出版者

筑波大学生涯学習・社会教育学研究室

雑誌

茗渓社会教育研究 (ISSN:21878374)

巻号頁・発行日

no.6, pp.1-12, 2015-06-30

著者

市川 昌

雑誌

情報と社会 = Communication & society

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, 2005-03-01

著者

市川 昌

出版者

日本生涯教育学会

雑誌

日本生涯教育学会論集 (ISSN:13476254)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, pp.99-108, 2005