著者

村江 達士 露木 孝彦 西浜 忠明 増田 昭三 高橋 武美

出版者

天然有機化合物討論会実行委員会

雑誌

天然有機化合物討論会講演要旨集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.219-226, 1969

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Three new bitter principles, nigakilactone A, B and C and a known bitter principle, quassin (nigakilactone D), were isolated from Picrasma ailanthoides Planchon (Japanese name: nigaki, Simaroubaceae). Nigakilactone A, B and C were shown to be closely related lactones in the following way. Methylation of nigakilactone A (I), C_<21>H_<30>O_6, m.p. 237.5-238°, with CH_3I-Ag_2O-DMF gave nigakilactone B (II), C_<22>H_<30>O_6, m.p. 278.5°, which was formed by alkaline hydrolysis of nigakilactone C (III), C_<24>H_<34>O_7, m.p. 252.5-253°. The latter compound (III) was obtained on acetylation of II with Ac_2O-pyridine. Nigakilactone A (I) afforded a monoacetate (IV) by acetylation with Ac_2O-pyridine. On oxidation with Na_2Cr_2O_7 in acetic acid, IV yielded a keto-acetate (V). Oxidation of I with CrO_3-pyridine gave an α-ketol (VI), which was oxidized with Bi_2O_3 to afford a diosphenol (VII). On methylation with dimethyl sulfate and alkali, VII gave a methylated diosphenol (VIII), which was shown to be identical with quassin (XI). From these findings, along with the PMR spectrum of I, the structure of nigakilactone A is established as I. PMDR experiment on III, afforded the evidence for the presence of a partial structure (C). These observations lead to the structure III for nigakilactone C and the structure II for nigakilactone B. Nigakilactone D was found to be identical with quassin.

著者

家村 育民 村江 達士 矢守 章 池田 英二

出版者

日本地球化学会

雑誌

日本地球化学会年会要旨集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, pp.34-34, 2003

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衝撃波は、宇宙空間では、超新星爆発、隕石、彗星等の衝突などによって発生し、化学進化におけるエネルギー源の一つになったと推定されている。一般に衝撃波は、瞬間的な高温高圧状態を作り出し、出発物質とは化学的、物理的に異なった物質を作り出すことが知られている。また、アミノ酸は生体の基礎構成物質の一つであり、原始地球において、簡単な物質から非生物的に合成され、それらが重合してタンパク質などの高分子化合物を生成していったと考えられる。グリシンは最も単純なアミノ酸であり、隕石からも多く検出されている。本研究では、化学進化と衝撃反応の関連を明らかにする目的で、水溶液氷状態のグリシンに衝撃を加え、その構造変化を検討した。

著者

藤 加珠子 村江 達士 北島 富美雄

出版者

日本有機地球化学会

雑誌

Researches in organic geochemistry (ISSN:13449915)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, pp.21-26, 1997-05-30

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Some type of macerals in sediments fluoresces under ultraviolet light. According to an increase of their maturity level, the wavelength of fluorescence maximum sifts toward longer wavelength, and intensity of the fluorescence diminishes. This property allows the fluorescence spectra to be a good maturity indicator for low immature sediment samples whose maturity can be hardly determined by vitrinite reflectance. However, correlations between thermal alteration of the fluorescent substances and the "red-shift" in the spectra are not clarified well. In this investigation, we examined thermal alteration of fluorescence spectra and chemical structures of fluorescent substances in the resinite from Latrobe Valley (Victoria, Australia). The samples were heated stepwise from 100℃ to 320℃ at 20℃ intervals for 15min at each temprature. We observed fluorescence spectra and ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) absorption spectra of the samples cooled after maintaining for 15min at each temperature. The "red-shift" in the fluorescence spectra was associated with alterations of UV-VIS absorptions. The IR spectra of the original samples and of the samples obtained after heating at the final temperature were also determined. No IR absorption bands due to aromatic rings appeared after the heating. These facts indicated that elongations of conjugated double bonds caused the "red-shift" of fluorescence.