著者

コーエン ジェラルド A. 松下 丈宏 越野 章史

出版者

首都大学東京

雑誌

教育科学研究 (ISSN:02897121)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, pp.43-55, 2001-12-15

著者

松下 丈宏

出版者

一般社団法人 日本教育学会

雑誌

教育学研究 (ISSN:03873161)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.1, pp.40-52, 2004-03-30 (Released:2007-12-27)

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In a liberal democratic society, there are two fundamental educational requirements in public education. That is, one is respecting individual rights of freedom of conscience and religion in public education. Another is the reproduction of a liberal democratic society. But apparently there is a tension between the two requirements. Because citizens in a liberal democracy often find religious citizens who claim that they are not always tolerant to others' religious views, and in a name of freedom of religion, their claim should be resoected as a toleration of the intolerant as far as possible. The purpose of this paper is to clarify basic concepts in which the two requirements in public education are compatible. At first, I analyzed two legal cases in the United States. One case was Wisconsin. v. Yoder, and the other case was Mozert v. Hawkins County. I suggested that these two legal cases brought up important questions in relation to the two requirements in public education. In the Yoder case, I suggested that Justice Douglas's dissenting in part was important because of his opinion on the importance of children's rights. In the Mozert case, I clarified the importance of its idea of "civil tolerance" through the analysis of Chief Judge Lively's opinion. Secondly, I analyzed a symposium on "Citizenship. Democracy, and Education" in Ethics(1995). I clarified the contrasting views of civic education in relation to the two requirements in public education through the analysis of the arguments of William, A. Galston and Aym Gutmann. But both of their arguments leave something much to be desired to be compatible for the two requirements in public education. I think that the argument suggested by Stephen Macedo was the most important and systematic in this symposium. Macedo suggests the compelling teaching of civil toleranceto all children is justified in the point of view from a guaranteed equal liberty for all. Furthermore, he pays attention to "political liberalism" which is advocated by John Rawls where I clarified that the compelling teaching of civil tolerance to all children can't be justified by simple guaranteed equal liberty for all, through the analysis of Rawls's thought of "toleration of the intolerance" in political liberalism. Third, I analyzed the educational implications of Rawls's "political liberalism" which were not explicated by Macedo. Rawls suggests the need to distinguish between "public identity" and "nonpublic identity" in pluralistic society. I suggested that this idea is very important to be compatible for the two requirements in public education because this idea was a key concept in justifying the teaching of civil tolerance compelled to all children, and at the same time, protecting their owns right of freedom of religion. Moreover, I consider the implications of this idea, which explicates the significance of traditional public educational system in the United States from a perspedive of the argument of educational institutions.

著者

松下 丈宏

出版者

日本教育政策学会

雑誌

日本教育政策学会年報

巻号頁・発行日

no.19, pp.206-207, 2012-07-15