著者

板垣 浩正 Itagaki Hiromasa イタガキ ヒロマサ

出版者

大阪大学言語文化学会

雑誌

大阪大学言語文化学 = Journal of language and culture (ISSN:09181504)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, pp.41-53, 2018

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In Japanese writing, some expressions occur with a parenthesis like the form "X(Y),"as shown in the phrase "Tokyo Daigaku(To-dai)." This paper investigates an expression that does not contain Y and is used as Internet slang like "Tensai( )," and shows its semantic and functional characteristics(hereafter Null-Parenthesis). First, I introduce some previous research on parenthesis sentences. Research on these expressions began in the field of natural language processing, and has been carried on by theoretical linguistics, such as Relevance Theory or Cognitive Linguistics. This paper empirically shows that schematic descriptions in previous studies are not semantically adequate because of the idiosyncratic features of Null-Parenthesis. This suggests that semantic characteristics of some parenthetical expressions need a lowerlevel(individual)description, rather than an abstract description. This paper observes some behaviors of the Null-Parenthesis associated with several grammatical phenomena. It examines:(i)comparison of the Null-Parenthesis usage with a square-bracket expression;(ii)the acceptability in the interrogative sentence; and(iii) the occurrence position of the usage of the Null-Parenthesis. This examination indicates that the Null-Parenthesis conveys the cynical attitude of the writer on the word(or phrase)immediately before the parenthesis. Further, this paper points out that(iv)the Null-Parenthesis cannot appear in the specific event or action, and(v)when the verb that occurs with the Null-Parenthesis is taken as a possible form [-(rar)eru], the Null- Parenthesis can only be accepted in the attributive possible meaning of the verb. This means that the Null-Parenthesis has a constraint that it cannot express the cynical attitude toward a specific event, but instead toward a property of the thing. Based on that consideration mentioned above, this paper argues that the Null-Parenthesis can be generalized as follows; it conveys the cynical attitude of the writer to the property designated by the preceding word. In addition, this paper looks into the semantic extension of the Null-Parenthesis, such as "Mou shukudai akirameta( )." It presents that this type of usage can also be explained by assuming the semantic generalization mentioned in this paper, and Intersubjectivity proposed by Traugott(2003). In conclusion, even though the Null-Parenthesis is a type of Japanese Internet slang, often regarded as a peripheral expression, this paper argues that this usage is not a vague expression, but rather a "linguistic" phenomenon.

著者

板垣 浩 豊田 政男 真島 篤 朝田 洋雄

出版者

The Japan Society of Naval Architects and Ocean Engineers

雑誌

日本造船学会論文集 (ISSN:05148499)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1981, no.149, pp.287-297, 1981 (Released:2010-01-25)

参考文献数

20

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The role of adequate non-destructive inspections and following repairs of detected flaws is essential in order to continue the integrity of welded structures. It is, however, pointed out that catastrophic failures sometimes happen due to insufficient repairs having no regard for unfavorable effects of repair.In case of welded joints, when a detected flaw is repaired by renewed welding, the fracture toughness of a flaw which is not discovered and adjacent to the detected flaw becomes smaller because of so-called the Hot Straining Embrittlement. Therefore, if such effect mentioned above is not taken into account, the reliability of the welded joint must be overestimated.The purpose of the research is to investigate the effect of the Hot Straining Embrittlement giving rise to serious deterioration of fracture toughness and evaluate the optimum range of repair in order to prevent an unexpected failure with the aid of reliability analysis.This report, at first, describes deterministic or probabilistic factors which should be adopted in the reliability analysis, a model and formulations of the analysis, and then, presents the comparison between estimated reliabilities of various cases, i. e., no repair, repair with or without the Hot Straining Embrittlement (HSE).From the results of numerical examples, it is shown that, 1) the probability of failure of repair with HSE is extremely larger than that of repair without HSE, 2) when the detected flaw is small, the probability of failure of no repair becomes smaller than that of repair with HSE, and 3) the important results are obtained on the range of repair with HSE.

著者

鎌田 一樹 堤 正臣 板垣 浩文 岩中 秀晋

出版者

公益社団法人 精密工学会

雑誌

精密工学会学術講演会講演論文集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2010, pp.703-704, 2010

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近年,工作機械は高精度化を求められており,加工時の振動が加工精度へ与える影響を無視できなくってなっている.しかし,工作機械に用いられている直動転がり案内と振動減衰特性の関係は明らかにされていない.本研究では,キャリッジとレールの隙間を狭くした直動転がり案内を用いてインパルス加振実験を行い,振動減衰特性を調べた.また,実験装置のモデル化を行い, 振動減衰特性に影響を及ぼす因子について検討した.