著者

柴田 和博 佐々木 一男 島崎 佳郎

出版者

日本作物學會

雑誌

日本作物学会紀事 (ISSN:00111848)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.3, pp.267-274, 1973-09

被引用文献数

2

---

Growing the rice plants under various conditions of some possible combinations of daytime air-temperatures (A_D : 26, 20 and 14℃), the daytime water-temperatures (W_D : 26, 20 and 14℃), the nocturnal air-temperatures (A_N : 20, 14 and 8℃), the nocturnal water-temperatures (W_N : 20, 14 and 8℃) and the number of days of treatment (P : 3, 6 and 9 days), the authors examined their main effects and interactions on the heading date. The rice variety "Eiko" was used. The daytime was settled for eight hours from 9.00 a.m. to 5.00 p.m. and the night-time was settled for sixteen hours from 5.00 p.m. to 9.00 a.m. of the next day. The water was kept four cm. in depth above the soil surface in pots. The experimental design was 3^5 factorial in 81 units (1/3 replicate) with one block and defining contrasts 1=A_DW_DA_NW_<N^2>P. The results were summarized as follows; 1. At the fourth leaf stage (T_1; the transplanting time), the main effects of W_D, W_N and P were significant at 0.1% level and all the other were not significant (table 2). And regardless of the difference of W_N, it was inferred that W_D of 21℃ hastened the heading date (fig. 1-T_1(P_3)). 2. At the seventh leaf stage (T_2; about ten days before the differentiating stage of first bract primordia), the main effects of A_D, W_D, A_N and W_N and the two-factor interactions of A_D × P, A_N × W_N and A_N × P were significant. The contour lines of each date of heading based on W_D and W_N were almost straight and parallel with the line of mean water-temperature for nine days treatment (fig. 1-T_2 (P_3)). On the other hand, the contour lines of each date of heading based on A_D and A_N were curved. And regardless of the difference of A_N, it was inferred that A_D of 20℃ hastened the heading date (fig. 2-T_2 (P_3)). Moreover, T_2 was considered to be the most sensitive stage to temperature, because the heading date and the total leaf number on the main stem were most variable by both air- and water-temperature among all the treatment stages. 3. At the stages of nine leaves (T_3; the differentiating stage of first bract primordia) and ten leaves (T_4; the middle differentiating stage of primary branch primordia), the main effects of each factor and their interactions were similar to those of T_2, but the strengths were weaker than those of T_2 (table 2, 3 and 4). 4. At the thirteenth leaf (flgg leaf) stage (T_5; the stage of reduction division of pollen mother cells), the main effects of A_D, A_N and P and the two-factor interaction of A_N × P were significant greatly (table 2). The contour lines of each date of heading based on A_D and A_N were almost straight and parallel with the line of mean air-temperature (fig. 2-T_5 (P_3)).

著者

柴田 和博 佐々木 一男 島崎 佳郎

出版者

日本作物學會

雑誌

日本作物学会紀事 (ISSN:00111848)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.4, pp.401-408, 1970-12

被引用文献数

1

---

Growing the rice plants under each condition of some possible combinations of the daytime air-temperatures (A_D: 26,20 and 14℃), the daytime water-temperatures (W_D: 26,20 and 14℃),the nocturnal air-temperatures (A_N: 20,14 and 8℃), the nocturnal water-temperatures (W_N:20,14 and 8℃) and the number of days of treatment (P: 3,6 and 9 days) at each stage of growth, the autliors examined their main effects and interactions on the percentage of sterile grains. The daytime was settled for eight hours from 9.00 a.m. to 5.00 p.m. and the night-time was settled for sixteen hours from 5.00 p.m. to 9.00 a.m. of the following day. The depth of water was kept in four cm. above the soil surface in pots. The experimental design was 3^5 factorial in 81 units (1/3 replicate) with one block and defining contrasts 1=A_DW_DA_NW_N^2P. The results were summarized as follows; 1. At the differentiating stage of first bract primordia (T_3), all the main effects and their two-factor interactions were not significant (table 4). 2. At the middle differentiating stage of primary branch primordia (T_4), only the main effect of A_D was significant at 5% level. However, that was not considered to be important because the differences of the percentage of sterile grains among them were smaller than 3%(tables 3 and 4). 3. At the stage of reduction division of pollen mother cells (T_5), the main effects of A_D, A_N and P and all of their two-factor interactions were significant at 0.1 or 1% levels. Moreover, the effects of W_D, W_D × A_N and W_D × W_N were also significant at 5% level. The contour lines of each pefcentage of sterile grains based on A_D and A_N were straight and parallel with the line of mean air temperature for three day treatment (fig. la). On the other hand, the contour lines for six and nine day treatments were curve together (fig. 1b-c). 4. At the head emergernce stage (T_6), the effects of A_D, A_N, P, and A_N × P and A_N × P were significant at 0.1% level. However, for three day treatment, A_D and A_N didn't affect the percentage of sterile grains. For six and nine day treatment, A_D and A_N were effective and their contour lines of each percentage of sterile grains were curve (fig. 2b-c). 5. The optimum ranges between A_D and A_N to minimize the percentage of sterile grains for each mean air-temperature were found in all the cases in which the contour lines were curve. The lower the mean air-temperature became, the bigger the optimum range between A_D and A_N became in most cases. Moreover, the optimum combinations of A_D and A_N to minimize the percentage of sterile grains were found to be about 24-20℃ in all cases (fig. 1〜2).

著者

佐竹 徹夫 柴田 和博

出版者

日本作物学会

雑誌

日本作物學會紀事 (ISSN:00111848)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.3, pp.454-462, 1992-09-05

被引用文献数

6

---

小胞子の分化から受精に至るまでの発育過程を4段階に分け, それぞれの段階で受精に関係する要素(受精構成要素)を定義し, 受精率を4要素(分化小胞子数, 発育花粉歩合, 受粉歩合および柱頭上花粉の受精効率)の積によって表した. 危険期に冷温処理された穎花の受精率およびそれを構成する要素の大きさには, 品種間に顕著な差が認められた. 耐冷性の異なる19品種を用いて, これら要素の受精率に対する寄与率を重回帰分析法によって評価した. 危険期に冷温処理された穎花の受精率における品種間分散の82%が, 分化小胞子数, 発育花粉歩合および受粉歩合の3要素によって説明された. 第4要素の柱頭上花粉の受精効率(この要素は柱頭上における花粉の発芽歩合と発芽花粉の受精効率より構成される)は本論文では評価されなかった. 染分, 赤毛, キタアケ, 道北糯18号, 中母42号, はやゆき等は小胞子分化数が大きく, 染分, ハマアサヒ, キタアケ, トドロキワセ, はやゆき, コチミノリ等は花粉発育歩合が大きく, そらち, 中母42号, はやゆき, キタアケ等は受粉歩合が大きく, それぞれの要素の供与親として注目された. 受精構成要素の概念は, 耐冷性の遺伝子を各要素ごとに探索する手段として育種事業に利用できるばかりでなく, 耐冷性の生理機構を解析するための手段としても利用できる.