著者

檜谷 美恵子 住田 昌二

出版者

一般社団法人 日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文報告集 (ISSN:09108017)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.392, pp.136-146, 1988-10-30 (Released:2017-12-25)

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This paper aims at making clear from both historical and spatial aspects how and by what reasons the owner-ccupation has spreaded in urban areas of Japan by means of taking the cases of 24 main cities into consideration. The conclusion concerning to historical change is summarized as follows: 1) Before the war, the private renting was the dominant tenure of urban housing excepte for housing located in the suburbs of the big cities and several new industrial cities rapidly urbanized, where the sign of the growth of the owner-occupied sector was emerging. 2) The remarkable increase of the owner-occupied ratio from 22.3% in 1941 to 41.3% in 1948 causes to an enormus degree by the war damage and the housing constructin immediately after the end of the war, which determined the changing direction of housing tenure after the war. 3) For the postwar period, the change of a distrubution ratio of housing tenure has been caused mainly by rapid urban growth, especially the intensive concentration in metropolitain areas throughout the period of the high economic growing and the amount of new rental housing has sharply reflected on it. While the number of owner-occupied housing has constantly increased throughout the same period and as compared with the renting, the owner-occupation is more stable and accumulative as tenure type. On the other hand, through the spatial ananlysis, it became clear that there were several differet patterns in the increasing process of the owner-occupation, the main two patterns are as foolows : 1) Metropolitan type・・・ After having accumulated the private renting, owner-occupied housing has increased in parallel with the real urbanization. 2) Local type ・・・In the cities where urbanization has been inseparably related to the incorporation of rural areas, the owner-occupied ratio has risen through the increasing number of a farmhouse and being based on it, the real urban housing has been formed on the side of the owner-occupied sector. Most of cities of Japan are subject to the latter model and it means that the tenure of a farmhouse has significantly contributed to the expantion of the owner-occupation. The ratio of the owner-occupied has been determined not only by the factors which caused the change in the national level as mentioned above, but also by the special factors of each city such as historical and cultural characteristics concerning to the choise of housing tenure.

著者

檜谷 美恵子

出版者

公益社団法人 都市住宅学会

雑誌

都市住宅学 (ISSN:13418157)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2019, no.105, pp.72-79, 2019 (Released:2020-07-11)

参考文献数

10

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This article argues about the direction of recent French housing policies focusing on the social rental housing sector. In France, the supply of social rental has been promoted strongly by successive central governments since from 2005 in order to 1) defend housing right by providing an adequate dwelling to people with great difficulties, and also to 2) realize ‘social mix’ through assuring housing diversity everywhere in urban districts corresponding to the municipal boundaries. In this process, the positioning, activities and interrelationships of each stakeholders, especially those of social landlords and local governments have been transformed. The current French administration requires more efforts to them through the reduction of housing allowance and strengthening the duties applied to the urban municipalities which don’t have enough social housing. The recent direction poses questions on the functions of social rental housing as well as the effectiveness of the measures introduced by the central government to assure housing for people with great difficulties.

著者

檜谷 美恵子

出版者

立命館大学政策科学会

雑誌

政策科学 (ISSN:09194851)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.3, pp.149-182, 2008-03