著者

深田 愛乃

出版者

慶應義塾大学

雑誌

特別研究員奨励費

巻号頁・発行日

2021-04-28

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近年、教育思想史研究の一部において、子どもの個性を重視する大正新教育、大正生命主義、宗教の三者の関係性が着目されつつある。こうした動向の中で、本研究は宮沢賢治(1896-1933)に着眼し、新教育的発想と仏教思想、農学的自然科学観が「生命」及び「個性」概念を介して結びつくことで、賢治特有の教育思想が生まれるという仮説を立て、それを検証することを目的とする。具体的には、賢治における「教育・仏教・農業」に関する実践やテクストを横断的・史学的に調査することで賢治の教育思想を浮かび上がらせ、大正・昭和初期における新教育や近代仏教、農村改良をめぐる思想史的文脈に位置付けることを試みる。

著者

深田 愛乃

出版者

慶應義塾大学大学院社会学研究科

雑誌

慶應義塾大学大学院社会学研究科紀要 : 社会学・心理学・教育学 : 人間と社会の探究 (ISSN:0912456X)

巻号頁・発行日

no.91, pp.17-33, 2021

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This paper aims to clarify the relationship between the conversion of Kenji Miyazawa (1896–1933) from Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) to the Lotus Sutra (Hokekyo) and how his educational thoughts were formed by analyzing the process of his separation from the ideology of Haya Akegarasu (1877–1954), a monk of Jodo Shinshu. Previous studies indicate that the educational thoughts of Kenji Miyazawa, a teacher of an agricultural school, were based on his faith. However, it has not been clear how his educational thoughts were influenced by the wanderings of his faith from Jodo Shinshu to the Lotus Sutra and Nichiren-ism. Therefore, this paper first discusses the relationship between Kenji Miyazawa and Haya Akegarasu, who formed a friendship with the Miyazawa family. Then, by reviewing Fukkatsu-no-mae and Souringensou, Kenji Miyazawa's literary works referring to Haya Akegarasu, this paper examined why Kenji was dissatisfied with Jodo Shinshu and felt attracted to the Lotus Sutra and how such processes affected his mindset as a teacher. Fukkatsu-no-mae was published in spring when Kenji was graduating from Morioka Higher School of Agriculture and Forestry. By analyzing Haya Akegerasu's words quoted in the work, his thoughts were clearly characterized as an acceptance of reality with resignation. Kenji Miyazawa was dissatisfied with such thoughts, which consequently led to his conversion to the Lotus Sutra, which is oriented toward the reformation of reality. Souringensou refers to the Haya Akegarasu's tanka, that is, a short Japanese poem comprising 31 syllables. By examining the revision process and Haya Akegarasu's work, it is suggested that his tanka depicted real life as it was. In contrast, Kenji Miyazawa's literary works were transformed from tanka to free verses in spoken language and fairy tales, which were called Shinshou-sketch (Mental Sketch Modified). He regarded having questions about the structure of the world and how you see the society as an important factor in Shinshou-sketch. In conclusion, the present findings suggest that the transformation of Kenji's faith and literary works was connected to his educational thoughts, with which he entrusted the ideology of the reformation of reality to his students.論文