著者

竹内 常行

出版者

The Association of Japanese Geographers

雑誌

地理学評論 (ISSN:00167444)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.7, pp.445-458, 1975-07-01 (Released:2008-12-24)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

1

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九十九里平野では,いく列かの砂堤(あるいは浜堤,砂堆)と砂堤間の低湿地が,海岸線にほぼ平行しているという地形的特色に対応して,砂堤は集落・畑・山林などの場所,低湿地は水田になっているというのが,従来の通念であった.しかし,砂堤の大部分は島畑区域となっているので,水田は砂堤の区域にも広く分布しているという事実によって,従来の通念を修正し,ついで九十九里平野に島畑のできた理由について.従来発表された意見の誤りを指摘し,地形に由来する水利上の不利を克服しながら,砂堤区域に水田を拡張して行なった結果,島畑景観が生れたものであることを明らかにした. ついで本稿の大部分を椿海干拓地の島畑地域の記述にあてて,まずその島畑の分布図を作成し,特色ある島畑景観地域について,いかなる地形,いかなる水利条件の地域に,島畑景観が生れたかを明らかにする.

著者

竹内 常行

出版者

The Association of Japanese Geographers

雑誌

地理学評論 (ISSN:00167444)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.4, pp.216-237, 1977-04-01 (Released:2008-12-24)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

2

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富山平野の山麓にはかなり広い隆起扇状地が発達しているが,これらの隆起扇状地にも古くから水田が広く拓かれている.このことは天竜川,相模川,荒川や松本平その他の隆起扇状地と較べて著しい特色である.この理由を明らかにするために,隆起扇状地が2段以上発達している,小矢部川から黒部川に至る8河川の隆起扇状地が,どのような用水路によって拓かれてきたか,また各河川の灌瀧区域の用水事情はどのようであったかを調査した.その結果,用水源である河川の本流あるいは支流の集水面積が,灌概区域に対して広い神通川を除いて,必ずしも集水面積は広くはないが,多雪地帯であるために,最多要水期に雪解水が豊富であることと,各河谷の勾配が急で,比較的短い距離で導水できることなどの有利さが,加賀藩の政策と相侯って,広く水田開発を可能にしたことがわかった.しかし,大部分の地域が夏期の渇水期の水不足に苦しんだ実情をも明らかにして,近年の合口事業やダム建設の効果にも論及した.

著者

竹内 常行

出版者

公益社団法人 東京地学協会

雑誌

地学雑誌 (ISSN:0022135X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.1, pp.1-19, 1975-02-28 (Released:2009-11-12)

被引用文献数

8 7

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When making paddy fields on a slope, the paddies, each with a level surface, must be made one by one in the form of a series of shelves or terraces. Paddy fields made in this manner are called “terraced paddy fields” or “shelf paddies” “tanada” in Japanese. Such paddy fields are found in various parts of the mountainous regions of Japan, and may roughly be divided into two categories, depending on the nature of the place where they are found. The first category includes terraced paddy fields that stretch in long, narrow lines along the bottom of small valley among the mountains. To the second category belong those that are found stretching on wide slopes. Terraced paddy fields belonging to the first category are found everywhere in mountainous regions. They are easy to make and their irrigation presents no problems. In the case of terraced paddy fields of the second category, however, because of the general complexity of the relief of the slopes where they are found, their making in such places requires great labor, and their irrigation is a difficult matter.The present writer conducted a study of 26 of the main terraced paddy fields belonging to the second category, and in each case, was convinced of the great pains and resourcefulness required to ensure the supply of irrigation water.In Japan, rice has been the main food crop since ancient times ; and until the Meiji period, it was the practice among farmers to pay their taxes in rice. Rice was the all-important element of economy, both for the central and local feudal lords until the Meiji period. This was the reason that, throughout the nation, the development and expansion of paddy fields were the two main concerns of the rulers as well as the farmers. This state of affairs continued until recent times. The present writer believes that it is possible to consider the existence of terraced paddy fields as one of the manifestations of the history of this type of rice-centered policy in the form of cultural landscapes seen in the land.In the present paper, the writer has chosen three typical regions, and he purposes to describe the development of the irrigation of the terraced paddy fields found in each of these regions.(1) The Wajima Region in the northern part of the Noto Peninsula.This region is the location of “Shirayone no Senmaida” (or “Numerous Small Terraced Paddy Fields of Shirayone”), which in recent years have come to attract the attention of tourists. There are monographs and books which state that the terraced paddy fields in this region are supplied with irrigation water by springs and rain water. The writer, however, has made clear in the present paper the fallacy of these claims. In the Edo period, in order to irrigate the terraced paddy fields in this region, long irrigation canals were dug to draw irrigation water from the upper reaches of rivers among the mountains, while irrigation reservoirs were made among the mountains to provide irrigation water. Examples of these irrigation systems are shown in Figures 1 and 2. The terraced paddy fields in this region are developed on slopes formed as a result of landslides.(2) The Obasute Region in Nagano Prefecture.This region is the location of terraced paddy fields widely reputed as “Tagoto no Tsuki” (or “The Moon Reflected in Each of Many Paddy Fields”). In this region, too, are found terraced paddy fields on slopes formed as a result of landslides. Concerning the terraced paddy fields in this region, there are books which state that they were supplied with irrigation water by springs and rain water, but the irrigation system in this region is not such a simple matter.

著者

竹内 常行

出版者

日本地理学会 古今書院(発売)

雑誌

地理学評論 (ISSN:00167444)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.7, pp.p445-458, 1975-07