著者

三原 悠 浅野 一朗 段 智久 岡村 秀雄 松村 千里 羽賀 雄紀 中坪 良平

出版者

公益社団法人 日本マリンエンジニアリング学会

雑誌

マリンエンジニアリング (ISSN:13461427)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.3, pp.473-483, 2021-05-01 (Released:2021-06-02)

参考文献数

29

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As a way to improve the combustion characteristics of wood tar which is highly viscous and flame retardant, the authors blended it with liquefied dimethyl ether (DME), which can improve fuel fluidity, ignitability and spray atomization. Moreover, heavy fuel oil (bunker-c oil) was added to increase the heating value of this fuel sample. The sample, which has the blending ratio of 35 % wood tar, 30% DME and 35% bunker-c by weight, was used in a combustion test with a three-cylinder in-direct injection diesel engine. Additionally, the authors also investigated particulate matter (PM) produced after burning four samples that mixed liquefied DME with flame retardant fuels in the same engine to analyze its environmental and biological impacts. The four samples prepared for the experiment were (1) 70% distillate oil (bunker-a) and 30% DME; (2) 85% bunker-c and 15% DME; (3) 70% bunker-c and 30% DME; (4) 35 % bunker-c, 30% DME and 35% wood tar.  The results of the engine test suggested the possibility that wood tar could become more combustible by optimizing the flow rate of fuel and the blend ratio of liquefied DME and bunker-c. In the (4) case, PM showed no high mutagenic potentials and there were lower concentrations of such inorganic substances as vanadium and nickel. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) concentrations in PM decreased by blending liquefied DME with bunker-c, whereas did not decrease for the wood tar.

著者

西野 貴裕 加藤 みか 宮沢 佳隆 東條 俊樹 市原 真紀子 浅川 大地 松村 千里 羽賀 雄紀 吉識 亮介 長谷川 瞳 宮脇 崇 高橋 浩司 片宗 千春 下間 志正

出版者

一般社団法人 日本環境化学会

雑誌

環境化学 (ISSN:09172408)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, pp.37-56, 2020 (Released:2020-02-19)

参考文献数

56

被引用文献数

1 2

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Quantitative analysis of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in three environmental medias (air, water, and sediment) were carried out via a network of regional environmental research institutes in five large cities (Tokyo, Nagoya, Hyogo, Osaka, and Fukuoka) in Japan. The study took place from FY2016 to FY2018 as a part of a risk assessment for aquatic organisms. Analysis data of water samples from the five cities were carried out at the Tokyo Metropolitan Research Institute for Environmental Protection. The risk assessment for aquatic organisms was carried out by comparing the sample data with the predicted no-effect concentrations (PNECs) gathered from various sources. Concentration levels of five chemicals (clarithromycin, erythromycin, diclofenac, carbamazepine, and triclosan) exceeded the PNECs in several water samples. Concentrations of antibiotics, such as clarithromycin, and antihistamines, such as fexofenadine, tended to be higher during January to February than during June to August. In contrast, concentrations of insect repellents such as N, N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) tended to be higher during June to August than during January to February. The discharge sources of these chemicals would be effluents from plants, such as sewage treatment plants, that were not completely treated. Estimated PPCPs loads accumulated by inflow data of Tamagawa river were compared with measured load value in this study. For some of these chemicals, such as fexofenadine and diclofenac, estimated loads did not coincide with measured loads at sampling points along the Tamagawa River. These differences were thought to occur as the consumption of fexofenadine increased rapidly during the research period, and diclofenac photodegraded while flowing down the river.

著者

三原 悠 浅野 一朗 段 智久 岡村 秀雄 松村 千里 羽賀 雄紀 中坪 良平

出版者

公益社団法人 日本マリンエンジニアリング学会

雑誌

マリンエンジニアリング (ISSN:13461427)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.3, pp.473-483, 2021

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<p>  As a way to improve the combustion characteristics of wood tar which is highly viscous and flame retardant, the authors blended it with liquefied dimethyl ether (DME), which can improve fuel fluidity, ignitability and spray atomization. Moreover, heavy fuel oil (bunker-c oil) was added to increase the heating value of this fuel sample. The sample, which has the blending ratio of 35 % wood tar, 30% DME and 35% bunker-c by weight, was used in a combustion test with a three-cylinder in-direct injection diesel engine. Additionally, the authors also investigated particulate matter (PM) produced after burning four samples that mixed liquefied DME with flame retardant fuels in the same engine to analyze its environmental and biological impacts. The four samples prepared for the experiment were (1) 70% distillate oil (bunker-a) and 30% DME; (2) 85% bunker-c and 15% DME; (3) 70% bunker-c and 30% DME; (4) 35 % bunker-c, 30% DME and 35% wood tar.</p><p>  The results of the engine test suggested the possibility that wood tar could become more combustible by optimizing the flow rate of fuel and the blend ratio of liquefied DME and bunker-c. In the (4) case, PM showed no high mutagenic potentials and there were lower concentrations of such inorganic substances as vanadium and nickel. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) concentrations in PM decreased by blending liquefied DME with bunker-c, whereas did not decrease for the wood tar.</p>