著者

菅原 尚子 武藤 泰明

出版者

Japan Society of Sports Industry

雑誌

スポーツ産業学研究 (ISSN:13430688)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.3, pp.3_363-3_375, 2022-07-01 (Released:2022-07-23)

参考文献数

6

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The sports participation rate, which indicates the exercise habits of people, has increased significantly in the last 30 years. According to the survey of household economy, the ratio of sports admission fees to education and entertainment expenses is on the rise. Then, how much has the sports spectating rate, which indicates whether or not a person spectated at sports events at least once a year, increased? In this study, we investigated whether the increase in the spectating rate could be confirmed by macro data. The data was secondarily obtained from the “National Sports-Life Survey” and “National Sports-Life Survey of Children and Young People” conducted by the Sasakawa Sports Foundation, and the ratios of respondents who had spectated some kind of sports in the last year were aggregated and compared by survey year. To evaluate the significance of difference in each survey year, Kruskal-Wallis test and Bonferroni correction were used. As a result of the investigation, a significant increase in the spectating rate was observed from 1994 to 2010 for adults excluding students, and no significant decrease was confirmed thereafter. On the other hand, for professional baseball (NPB) and soccer (J-League), there was no increasing trend in the spectating rate. This suggested that the absolute number of spectators is small compared to the whole population in Japan. Although sports admission fees have increased due to the repeaters, from the viewpoint of the spectating rate, even if the number of spectators at one event increases, it gives small impact on the spectating rate of the whole, as long as the venues are in a biased location. In order to increase the number of spectators, it is important that various events be held in various areas.

著者

菅原 尚子 武藤 泰明

出版者

日本スポーツ産業学会

雑誌

スポーツ産業学研究 (ISSN:13430688)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.2, pp.2_211-2_226, 2021-04-01 (Released:2021-04-26)

参考文献数

15

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One of the authors has analyzed the relationship between playing and spectating sports behavior during school-hood by setting adult sports spectating behavior as an explained variable, and confirmed a certain relationship. The purpose of this study was to clarify what timing of school-age the groups which come into contact with sports tend to continue or resume spectating sports in adulthood, based on the theory of carry over effect. The data was secondarily obtained from the research conducted by the Japan Volleyball League organization through an online survey. The respondents were asked whether or not they had experienced spectating or playing sports at each school-age stage (elementary school, junior high school, high school and university). Spearman′s rank correlation coefficients between spectating or playing sports in each school-age and the behavior modification stage of spectating were calculated, and Fisher's z-transformation and Bonferroni correction were used to evaluate the significance of difference in correlation coefficients for each school-age. As in the previous research on playing sports, the results revealed that spectating in university indicated significantly higher correlation with the behavior modification stage of current spectating, compared with other school-ages. In some cases of excluding the group that had been spectating since school-age, the correlation coefficients between spectating in elementary school/junior high school and the behavior modification stage of current spectating showed significant differences in comparison with other ages. This suggested that past experience may be carried over and facilitate resumption of spectating in adulthood, even when interrupted. Our results suggest that sports organizations are required to have a medium- to long-term perspective that takes into account the re-socialization of spectators while consciously targeting the school-age in which significant tendency is confirmed.