著者

神田 れいみ 佐野 毅彦

出版者

日本スポーツ産業学会

雑誌

スポーツ産業学研究 (ISSN:13430688)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.3, pp.3_307-3_316, 2021 (Released:2021-07-24)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

1

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Background: Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Japanese professional basketball's B. League postponed its regular season in late February 2020, which was then resumed in mid-March, before being suspended again only after one weekend. Eventually, the remaining regular season games (173 games in Division 1 and 117 games in Division 2) and all playoff games were cancelled. Purpose: This study mainly aimed to examine the professional basketball players' state of mental health after such unprecedented circumstances as the suspension and cancelation of league games in the middle of the season due to the pandemic of a communicable disease. Method: An electronic survey included members of the Japan Basketball Players Association in September 2020, which was 6 months after the season cancelation. The Japanese version of the K6 was used to assess players' mental health, and a K6 score ≥5 was defined as psychological distress. Results: There was a total of 108 eligible respondents. The ratio of K6≥5 (R5+) was 52% during the suspension period and 21% at 6 months after the cancelation. The R5+ was significantly higher in smaller teams than in bigger teams (odds ratio: 4.48, 95% confidence interval: 1.51-13.25). No relationship was found between R5+ and age, playing time, or the cumulative number of hometown infections. Conclusions: It was suggested that COVID-19 put half of the players at risk of psychological distress, namely, 30% acute and 20% chronic, and that the vulnerability of teams' business fundamentals affected players' mental health. Establishment of permanent counseling services for players' mental health care was recommended.

著者

青柳 健隆 鈴木 郁弥 荒井 弘和 岡 浩一朗

出版者

日本スポーツ産業学会

雑誌

スポーツ産業学研究 (ISSN:13430688)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.3, pp.265-273, 2018 (Released:2018-08-02)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1

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School-based extracurricular sports activity (SBECSA) has widely spread in Japan as a means for youth to play sports or exercise. Especially in junior high school and high school, SBECSA is actively conducted with a high participation rate of students. There have also been reports that elementary schools in some Japanese municipalities also have SBECSA. However, there has been little information about which municipalities conducted SBECSA in elementary schools. Therefore, the present study aimed to clarify the existence of SBECSA in elementary schools in each municipality, and to create a municipal map of implementation status. A complete enumeration questionnaire survey was conducted with all 1741 municipalities’ educational boards. Question items were in regard to the existence of elementary schools’ SBECSA in their municipalities. Answerers were requested to choose one response from the items; “almost all elementary schools have SBECSA”, “some elementary schools have SBECSA”, “there were SBECSA (about 10 years ago), but now there is no SBECSA”, “there weren’ t any SBECSA before 10 years ago”, “we don’ t know”, and “we don’ t answer” . To increase the response rate, a second survey was conducted with Sports Associations or similar sports related organizations in each municipality. Additionally, a third survey was conducted with educational boards again at the same time as the feedback of results was given. As results, 88.0% of all municipalities’ implementation status was identified (response rate = 92.5%). And 23.0% of all municipalities were shown to have SBECSA in elementary schools, although 64.9% did not have it. More than half of the municipalities in Aomori prefecture, Chiba prefecture, Aichi prefecture, and Kumamoto prefecture have SBECSA in elementary school. Based on the results of the present study, it is suggested that further development of the youth sport environment should be discussed. In addition, means to decrease the burdens on teachers who coach and manage SBECSA must be considered.

著者

大村 浩次

出版者

日本スポーツ産業学会

雑誌

スポーツ産業学研究 (ISSN:13430688)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.4, pp.4_223-4_226, 2019 (Released:2019-10-11)

参考文献数

2

著者

長澤 和輝 畔蒜 洋平 児玉 ゆう子 平田 竹男

出版者

日本スポーツ産業学会

雑誌

スポーツ産業学研究 (ISSN:13430688)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.3, pp.3_351-3_359, 2021 (Released:2021-07-24)

参考文献数

6

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The purpose of this study was to investigate the reasons why Japanese football players can play in the Bundesliga for multiple years. In this survey, we had interviews with five Japanese football players who played in the Bundesliga for over five seasons. The contents of the interviews were analyzed by SCAT (Steps for Coding and Theorization) method and extracted the same factors. As a result, it was found that they focused on building a relationship of trust with their coaches. They had the flexibility to change their playing style and position to match the coach's desired football style. In order to continue to be selected as a member of a match in the Bundesliga, not only high level football skills but also ability to adapt to the intentions of the coach are required. From the above results, it was suggested that in order to continue playing in overseas leagues, aspects other than soccer skills, such as tactics and understanding of the coach's ideas, are also important.

著者

澤井 和彦

出版者

日本スポーツ産業学会

雑誌

スポーツ産業学研究 (ISSN:13430688)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.2, pp.263-273, 2011 (Released:2011-11-23)

参考文献数

49

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This paper presents a comparative institutional analysis of the endogenous and self-enforcing system of “Japanese company sports” and examines the characteristics of the design and problems of its transitions. The remarkable feature of the institutional design of Japanese company sports in the sports domain is the “institutional complementarity” with Japanese-style employment practices in the company domain, mediated by the company athletes who play games simultaneously as athletes in sport domain and as employees in the company domain. Such institutional interdependencies between two different domains also provide managerial resources to the National Sports Federation or top-league organization and greatly affect its institutional design. Thus, we can understand the company sports as an endogenous and self-enforcing equilibrium outcome of the game in both domains.    Because of this institutional complementarity, Japanese company sports can’ t be easily changed, according to what is known in Comparative Institutional Analysis as the “inertia” . For example, it is difficult to dismiss an employee who is a company athlete under the Japanese-style employment practice. However, in recent years, because of the slow economic growth and decreasing corporate profits, combined with the decreasing merits of Japanese-style employment practices, the benefit of company sports in the context of labor management has decreased significantly. By considering these factors, a transition to an alternative system of professional or community sport is planned. However, one issue involved with this transition is that although company sports bring great benefits, the transition involves risk for the athletes, as they must rebuild their careers in some way. The second issue is that for company sports, which are at the center of company costs, independent management as well as intellectual and personal management resources are not combined. The third issue is the adjustment of complementarity with the existing systems during transition.

著者

荒井 弘和 杉本 龍勇 増田 昌幸 釜野 祥太朗 徳安 彰

出版者

日本スポーツ産業学会

雑誌

スポーツ産業学研究 (ISSN:13430688)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.2, pp.2_165-2_172, 2021-04-01 (Released:2021-04-26)

参考文献数

12

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Although it is said that university graduates who belonged to an athletic club are mentally superior, there has been no quantitative data to support this issue. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the mental components of graduates who belonged to an athletic club while in university (“TAIIKUKAIKEI”) with those of non-athletic club graduates by means of a cross-sectional study. Participants of this study were 5,776 young workers within 10 years of graduation from a certain university in Tokyo. Half of the subjects had belonged to an athletic club in university and the other half had not. Participants were asked about demographic data and current subjective happiness, psychological stress, and work engagement. They were invited to participate in the survey through a mailed document containing the URL for the survey website, which could be accessed via a PC or a smartphone. The number of valid responses to the questionnaire was 521 (response rate of 9.0%). Excluding those who had left the club during their university years and those who were unemployed, the number of participants was 477 (246 athletic club graduates and 231 non-athletic club graduates). Results of the analysis of covariance, with gender, age, marital status, and current annual income as covariates, confirmed the hypothesis that athletic club graduates had higher current subjective happiness and work engagement and lower current psychological stress than non-athletic club graduates. Therefore, in the analyses of working graduates, the mental components of athletic club graduates were found to be relatively more favorable after graduation than those of non-athletic club graduates, although the sizes of the effects were small. However, it is worthwhile to note that empirical data revealed that the subjective happiness, psychological stress, and work engagement of athletic club graduates are favorable. In the future, it is expected that a longitudinal follow-up study of the same individuals will be conducted, and more qualitative characteristics of athletic club graduates will be investigated.

著者

井上 俊也

出版者

日本スポーツ産業学会

雑誌

スポーツ産業学研究 (ISSN:13430688)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.2, pp.93-100, 1998-09-30 (Released:2010-07-27)

参考文献数

18

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After World War II, the GHQ (General Headquarters) reformed economic policies in Japan. The most important policy was the ban on pure holding companies. Holding companies have been banned by the Antimonopoly Law since the end of World War II to prevent a resurgence of conglomerates, such as the prewar and wartime "zaibatsu", which wielded huge financial power. But in the 1990's, thanks to the movements of deregulation under the recession and the global competition, many persons have come to support the existence of the holding company system in Japan. After a long period of the ban, under the revised Anti-monopoly Law, Japanese corporations have been allowed to set up holding companies since December 1997. This removal of the ban on the holding company system will activate the Japanese economy including the professional football clubs established in the 1990's. Their establishment synchronized with the start of the J. League (Japan Professional Football League). Most of the Japanese professional football clubs derive from companies'football clubs and the subsidiaries of big companies which are the operating parent companies. The big companies sponsor their football clubs in order to participate in the professional league. But being subsidiaries of operating companies, the Japanese football clubs can not realize the ideal of the J. League because of their status. The management of the football club is neither based on the community nor on the profession. The synergy with the operating parent company is not enough. If the holding company system is approved in Japan, Japanese professional football clubs will be able to take advantage of the flexible equity and the empowerment leadership of the management and solve the present problems.

著者

安住 文子 北村 勝朗

出版者

日本スポーツ産業学会

雑誌

スポーツ産業学研究 (ISSN:13430688)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.4, pp.4_421-4_431, 2022-10-01 (Released:2022-10-14)

参考文献数

22

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This study aims to qualitatively clarify, through interviews, how a kendo master reads, attacks, and defeats the opponent. Previous studies related to “reading” have been conducted with the concepts of “clinical intuition,” “situational cognition,” and “predictive judgment” in the field of nursing. In addition, the “reading” of Japanese chess is positioned as a predictive judgment, and there are several pieces of research on strategies used during artificial intelligence battles. However, research on “reading” that comprehensively captures contextual, spatial, cognitive, emotional, technical, and proficient perspectives is still scarce. The subject of this study holds the 8th degree in kendo. He is an outstanding kendo player who has won several Japanese championships and is an experienced teacher. Data collection was conducted through two-to-one semi-structured, open-ended, and in-depth interviews by the two authors. The interview duration was two hours. The interview data were transcribed and then analyzed by the qualitative analysis method. As a result of the analysis, the kendo master’s reading was classified into six subcategories, namely, “determine the entirety of the opponent,” “show movement before the opponent does,” “establishment of linked movements,” “invitation to attack,” “creating inevitability,” and “natural reaction of the body.” These were finally divided into three categories, namely, “identifying the opponent,” “identifying movements of self and others,” and “occurrence of attack.” The study concludes that the kendo master, by demonstrating the power of outstanding reading explained by three elements, identifies the opponent’s ability, predicts the movement, and directs the flow of movement between the opponent and himself within the context of an attack. It is evident that an attack is composed of a series of steps. Further research should examine the relationship between reading and actual behavior, and focus on other masters.

著者

千葉 直樹 永谷 稔

出版者

日本スポーツ産業学会

雑誌

スポーツ産業学研究 (ISSN:13430688)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.2, pp.2_327-2_336, 2015 (Released:2015-11-12)

参考文献数

10

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The purpose of this study was to examine the changes in characteristics of spectators of professional basketball teams, and the relationship between frequency of attendance and participant motives in Sapporo. The name of the professional basketball team and its company changed from “Rera Kamuy Hokkaido” to “Levanga Hokkaido” in 2011. Questionnaire surveys conducted in 2010 and 2012 were analyzed. Findings indicated that between the two research periods there was no change in spectators′ characteristics according to sex and age groups. Previous studies had indicated that 70% of spectators were women and half of these female spectators were between the ages of 20-40. About 80% of spectators surveyed participated in both research periods. The 2012 results indicated that the percent of spectators who had belonged to basketball club in their junior and high school days was higher compared to that in 2010.

著者

山本 悦史 中西 純司

出版者

日本スポーツ産業学会

雑誌

スポーツ産業学研究 (ISSN:13430688)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.1, pp.1_97-1_116, 2022 (Released:2022-01-20)

参考文献数

51

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While professional sports clubs in Europe and the U.S. have attained marketability and a public nature simultaneously, many clubs in Japan are struggling to achieve either or both these two values. This study explores the businessization and localization strategies of professional football clubs belonging to the J. League, categorizes the clubs into several types, and examines their marketing dilemmas. A quantitative survey of 35 clubs was conducted from managerial and social marketing perspectives. The findings are as follows: First, through exploratory factor analysis and reliability analysis, three factors were extracted as businessization indexes: stable supply of sport services, rationalization of management, and establishment of a management base. Additionally, two factors were extracted as localization indexes: building a platform for regional cooperation, and promotion of local sports activities. Second, using the geometric means derived from the businessization indexes (three factors, eight items) and the localization indexes (two factors, nine items), a correlation analysis was conducted. The clubs were classified into four types: Advanced club (Type-A), Business-oriented club (Type-B), Community-oriented club (Type-C), and Developing club (Type-D). Finally, from the viewpoint of the ABCD model, an analytical model for professional football club management is proposed. We suggest that there can be both synergies and trade-offs between businessization and localization.

著者

小林 至

出版者

日本スポーツ産業学会

雑誌

スポーツ産業学研究 (ISSN:13430688)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.3, pp.241-256, 2018 (Released:2018-08-02)

参考文献数

12

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The designation of undrafted player started its history in the Nippon Professional Baseball (“NPB”) when the NPB introduced its entry draft for the Japanese amateur players in 1965. The NPB clubs used undrafted players to gain competitive edges while the draft system was to bring competitive balance on the field. Many top amateur players who were supposed to remain amateur signed with the NPB teams as undrafted players, to many people’ s surprise. The NPB clubs often put undrafted players outside of the roster as practice players.    1990 was the year when historical changes were made to the entry draft system in the NPB. The NPB expanded the number of draft picks and the roster while it banned the teams from signing amateur players as free agents. Carrying practice players was outlawed at the same time.    The demand for another development system had been growing among NPB clubs with the number of industrial league teams diminishing and players losing opportunities to play. That is how the developmental player system was born in 2005. 2005 was also the year the first independent league in Japan was born, in Shikoku Island. As of 2018, 17 teams, in three leagues, are active. There has been a steady increase in the number of independent league players who were picked in the developmental draft.    As the birth of the developmental player system and the independent league happened to be in the same year, both took their roots in the diminishing of the number of industrial league teams and in the players’ losing opportunities to play.    Another significance of this study lies in the fact that a list of all Japanese players who signed with the NPB teams since the first draft is databased in a spreadsheet.

著者

澤井 和彦

出版者

日本スポーツ産業学会

雑誌

スポーツ産業学研究 (ISSN:13430688)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.2, pp.2_169-2_184, 2014 (Released:2014-11-21)

参考文献数

45

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This study uses property rights theory to comparatively analyze the institutional design of the spectator sports business by examining both a company basketball club and a professional basketball club of Japan’ s top basketball league, whose hometowns were adjacent to each other. Then we try to clarify the possibilities and problems of the institutional transition from a company club to a professional club. To evaluate the “property” (attributes of goods and services) in the spectator sports businesses, we administered a questionnaire survey to spectators attending home games of each club, in which we asked fans if their motivation consisted of “team attachment,” “player attachment,” “sports attachment,” and/or “community pride.” Employees and stakeholders of both clubs were interviewed to identify the assignment of property rights to utilize the value corresponding to the fans’ motivation.    Our results showed that company club fans showed significantly higher “player attachment,” while professional club fans showed significantly higher “community pride.” Moreover, despite the fans’ higher player attachment, the company clubs failed to efficiently utilize “player value” (an attribute of spectator sports that motivated fans via player attachment) because the required property rights actually belong to the parent company, which employs players as full-time employees of the main business, rather than as players. However, the economic advantage that company athletes gained from simultaneously performing a double role (top athlete and full-time employee) provided the company clubs more opportunities to recruit players than the professional clubs, whose budgets for player salaries were limited. In contrast, professional clubs had control over most of the property rights required to utilize the element “value for community resource,” (an attribute of spectator sports that motivated fans via community pride) although these rights were dispersed to stakeholders who had little incentive to engage in the community activities from a medium- and long-term perspective in the company clubs. More fans attended home games of the professional clubs than company clubs, and the utilization of the value for community resources was one factor behind this difference. Therefore, assigning property rights of the value for community resources and also the lack of human resources of business management in company club can be considered the key aspects of institutional design required by spectator sports businesses and the answer to the problem of successful institutional transition from a company club to a professional club.

著者

西尾 建 倉田 知己

出版者

日本スポーツ産業学会

雑誌

スポーツ産業学研究 (ISSN:13430688)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.2, pp.2_159-2_169, 2022-04-01 (Released:2022-04-17)

参考文献数

18

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The Rugby World Cup (RWC) was held in Japan in 2019 and 1.704 million (37,800 per game) domestic and international rugby fans attended the 45 games. In the RWC 2019, hospitality seats, in addition to normal seats, were sold. Hospitality seats provided hospitality service on top of a game ticket, including access to VIP and lounge areas, and dinners at exclusive hotels. Sports hospitality has been popular in professional sports such as NBA, NFL, MLB, and golf in the USA and soccer and tennis in Europe since the 1990’s. However, this concept had not been so popular in Japan before the RWC 2019. This study examined consumer patterns, motivation and satisfaction of hospitality seat buyers at RWC 2019. The data were collected from Japan Rugby Football Union member clubs (N=371). This population were asked questions regarding consumer spending, motivation (20 items), and satisfaction (15 items) in addition to basic demographics. The consumption by hospitality ticket holders at RWC2019 was significantly larger than those of normal seat holders in terms of transportation (2.40 times), accommodation (2.81 times), tourism (1.60 times) and game day souvenirs (2.05 times), as well as tickets (3.62 times). Using factor analysis, five motivation items : 1) World class events, 2) Reputation, 3) Advertisement, 4) Super play, 5) Rugby preference) and three satisfaction items : 1) Rugby watching, 2) Food drink and ticket delivery, 3) Tourism before or after the games were extracted. The analytical results showed some implications. Firstly, the results showed significant difference of consumption between hospitality ticket holders and normal ticket holders. Secondly, difference between motivation in gender, resident location and being a repeater was indicated. Thirdly, advertisement is a very important factor for hospitality ticket promotion.

著者

日比野 幹生 舟橋 弘晃 青柳 健隆 間野 義之

出版者

日本スポーツ産業学会

雑誌

スポーツ産業学研究 (ISSN:13430688)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.1, pp.1_13-1_28, 2016 (Released:2016-04-26)

参考文献数

33

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Although studies conducted to understand why athletes do not use Performance Enhancing Drugs (PEDs) are becoming more common, little is known about the problem from the “elite” athlete’s perspective. This study qualitatively identified the factors that had influenced the decisions not to dope of twelve retired Japanese elite athletes (six males and six females) who won Olympic medals after the Athens Games in 2004. Thematic analysis was used to extract meaning from the semi-structured interview data using MAXQDA11. Personal and socio-environmental factors underpinning their decisions not to dope were identified in the accounts. Personal factors included: (1) personal moral stance; (2) judgment from a wide perspective; (3) intrinsic motivation; (4) task orientation; and (5) resilience. Socio-environmental factors were: (1) education from parents; (2) education from coaches; (3) social pressure; (4) fair play culture in Japan; (5) secure elite sport climate; (6) monetary benefit from winning a medal; (7) access to and knowledge of PEDs. The above-mentioned factors might be useful for developing future anti-doping strategies under a situation where there is a growing social need for actively engaging in promoting elite sports as a national strategy in order to generate success in the Tokyo Olympics in 2020, and in view of the fact that the pressure for athletes to engage in doping may be increased.

著者

八尋 大 児玉 ゆう子 平田 竹男

出版者

日本スポーツ産業学会

雑誌

スポーツ産業学研究 (ISSN:13430688)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.4, pp.4_347-4_356, 2020-10-01 (Released:2020-10-15)

参考文献数

13

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Although there are some reports of the trajectory of swimmers becoming elite athletes, there are no reports on Para-Swimmers. In this study, the authors conducted semi-structured interviews with Japanese elite Para-Swimmers (seven men and three women) who participated in the Paralympics since the 1992 Barcelona Paralympics. As a result of the analysis, the background of the Para-swimmers identified three factors : places of practice, coaching, and participation in competition. Furthermore, each factor could be divided three periods as follows : (1) infancy, (2) junior high school and high school, (3) university and society. Analysis of the trajectory of Para-Swimmers revealed some important opportunities that were held in common. They were : to exercise with healthy people from an early age, to meet with leaders who drew out their abilities, and to participate in competition from an early stage when they were able to notice their abilities. As coaches, it is important to teach skills, as well as to create a pool environment that enables people to practice swimming regardless of age or disability. In addition, many results were obtained from this study that show that the order of these activities will play an important role in the community and social contribution promoted through swimming.

著者

河合 慎祐 平田 竹男

出版者

日本スポーツ産業学会

雑誌

スポーツ産業学研究 (ISSN:13430688)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.2, pp.11-19, 2008-09-30 (Released:2011-03-01)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

1 1

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The purpose of this study was to clarify the variables determining the attendance in J-league matches, using the 2, 699 J-league matches held between 1993-2005 season as a sample. There have been many studies about attendance demand in other countries, but there have been no such studies in Japan. By making a regression equation consisting of dependent variables such as attendance per match, and independent variables such as variables which determine the number of attendance, we clarified attendance demand. In the selection of independent variables, we added 4 J-league variables (“Existence of Professional Baseball Team”, “Distance from Professional Baseball Team”, “April”, “October”) to the variables used by existing literatures and extracting 21 independent variables. The result of regression analysis showed that the attendance demand model accounting dependent variable "Attendance" was about 51%. Except for 2 variables (“Population” and “Income”), the effect signs of variables agreed with existing literature. The results of variables such as “Distance”, “Income”, “Population” and “Existence of Professional Baseball Team”, suggested the conditions which can boost up attendance in the future.

著者

石川 勝彦 束原 文郎 舟橋 弘晃 横田 匡俊 澤井 和彦 長倉 富貴 中村 祐介 岡本 円香

出版者

日本スポーツ産業学会

雑誌

スポーツ産業学研究 (ISSN:13430688)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.2, pp.2_207-2_215, 2022-04-01 (Released:2022-04-17)

参考文献数

22

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The present study investigated how academic performance and athletic performance were related to the results of athletic students’ getting a job offer from companies which are preferred by college students in job hunting. One thousand seven hundred thirty-nine student athletes were surveyed regarding the result of job hunting, the difficulty of entrance exam of university, national/private university, getting a scholarship, classification of entrance exam, academic performance (GPA), athletic performance, and gender. Results showed that the difficulty of entrance exam of university is the most effective factor relating to the results of getting a job in companies preferred by college students. In particular, the effects of academic performance and athletic performance on job hunting were not common to all participants, but were limited to the universities with the highest admission difficulty.

著者

朴 明姫 波多野 圭吾 野川 春夫 大竹 弘和

出版者

日本スポーツ産業学会

雑誌

スポーツ産業学研究 (ISSN:13430688)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.2, pp.2_197-2_209, 2021-04-01 (Released:2021-04-26)

参考文献数

39

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eSports refers to the overall cyber culture and related community activities, including participation and watching competitions or leagues that compete in games by utilizing mental and physical abilities in the games. We conducted a literature survey to clarify the development process and current status of eSports in Korea. Korea was the place of the origin of the terms and it has achieved the development of eSports in a short period. eSports has emerged and developed against the background of culture and industry such as the spread of PC Ban (PC Café), and the level of industrialization is high, and there is a high possibility that eSports will develop as a promising industry with a deep connection with media-related companies. In South Korea, eSports started a nationwide game league in 1998 with the spread of online games and the support of PC BAN. In addition, the marketing of companies has become active, and it has continued to this day with the support of the government and local governments. Compared to the United States, many leagues are in operation all year round, and the situation is characterized by an unspecified large number of tournament participations and high levels of commercialization and industrialization. Currently, there are 80 eSports teams in Korea. The number of registered players is 481. In addition, there are 92 formal educational institutions, including vocational schools, that have established game-related education courses in Korea. The Korea eSports Association officially joined the Korean Sports & Olympic Committee in 2019. Furthermore, eSports have been recognized as an official event of 2022 Asian Games which will be held in Hangzhou. In order for eSports to be recognized as an official Olympic sport it is necessary to enhance its contents and prepare for systematic sports management so that eSports can meet the requirements for establishing sports while solving socially adverse functions such as the violence of eSports.

著者

佐々木 達也

出版者

日本スポーツ産業学会

雑誌

スポーツ産業学研究 (ISSN:13430688)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.4, pp.4_401-4_413, 2020-10-01 (Released:2020-10-15)

参考文献数

9

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In the J League, the number of clubs having a small business scale is increasing with the age of the league, resulting in a disparity in business scale. There is a certain correlation between the business scale and ranking. In professional sports, the ratio of personnel costs for players to the total cost is large, and the performance (rank) is determined by the ability of the players possessed by the club. It is arguable that the business scale is explained by the management ability of the club (organizational ability) or the ability of the management, and it is also explained in part by the change in rank. V-Varen Nagasaki was pushed to the point of management failure in 2017. Then the founder of a major mail order business took over the management of the tea, which was ranked second in J2, and decided that it would be promoted to J1 in the next year. In this study, we interviewed the president, directors, and captains. V-Varen Nagasaki's management philosophy is Action, Passion and Mission ; having the meaning of thoroughly improving the environment, building relationships of trust with players, and establishing and implementing basic policies. V-Varen Nagasaki overcame the management crisis because of the management of professional managers and the convenience model in J League, which is a business model for controlling and instructing clubs. This study shows that it is important for professional sports clubs, which are public entities, to have a proven professional manager participate in the management of the J club.

著者

舟橋 弘晃 管 文彦 桂田 隆行 間野 義之

出版者

日本スポーツ産業学会

雑誌

スポーツ産業学研究 (ISSN:13430688)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.2, pp.2_131-2_149, 2020 (Released:2020-04-20)

参考文献数

45

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Building consensus among numerous stakeholders is an important yet difficult step in stadium construction projects. Understanding who the stakeholders are and their characteristics is necessary for the success of construction projects. Using archival materials and semi-structured interviews, we identified and characterized the most salient stakeholders associated with the subsidization decision for the stadium construction plan in Kitakyushu city. Stakeholder classification was carried out using a framework designed by Mitchell et al. (1997) that characterized salient stakeholders using attributes of power, legitimacy, and urgency. Definitive stakeholders identified as having all three attributes included the J. LEAGUE, the Kitakyushu City Assembly, and the Kitakyushu City Public Works Evaluation Committee. Although these groups were classified into the same stakeholder categories, their detailed features or roles were different. The Giravanz Kitakyushu, the city’s professional football team, was considered a dependent stakeholder with legitimacy and urgency, but limited power. Our findings highlighted the importance of stakeholder analysis as a strategic tool, especially in the initial planning phase. Practical implications and ideas for further research were discussed.