著者

山本 百合子 金田 すみれ

出版者

福山市立大学

雑誌

福山市立女子短期大学紀要 (ISSN:02866595)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, pp.43-52, 2009

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In this report, we have investigated various masks, which are used for covering one's face according to each specific situation, from the literatures. The summaries of this study are as follows.1)It was widely believed that a god stays in a body wearing a mask.2)The relations between god(s) and masks have been found in many countries. The masks were used for the dance that was dedicated to the god, the ceremony of the coming-of-age, and the funeral.3)Japanese people changes the expression for the masks with the words of `kamen', `fukumen', and an English word `mask'. The first word is generally used for the masks made of hard materials. The second one represents the masks of soft materials such as clothes, which cover the large part of the face. The last one indicates the masks covering the nose and the mouth for their health or work.4)Some masks are utilized for protecting the face against the bacteria from outside and suppressing the bacteria diffusion from inside. There are also the masks which protect the face in some works and sports.5)People usually wear a mask which is not a matter but a behavior of keeping calm without showing any feelings on their faces. A sense of values that such a behavior is a virtue still exists at present.

著者

金田 すみれ 山本 百合子

出版者

福山市立大学

雑誌

福山市立女子短期大学紀要 (ISSN:02866595)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, pp.21-30, 2009

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Research on documents of cosmetic plastic surgery showed the following results. 1.Golden and silveer ratios were used for cosmetic plastic surgery as beauty standards. 2.The ideal face was a small one with big eyes with double eyelids, a prominent nose, a well-shaped small mouth, and well-shaped eyebrows. Cosmetic plastic surgery was performed in order to repair injuries. 3.The history of cosmetic plastic surgery began in full scale after World War 1. At this time, cosmetic plastic surgery was performed in order to repair soldiers' injuries on their faces and bodies caused by the war. 4.The initial purpose of the performance of cosmetic plastic surgery was for overcoming an inferiority complex. Inmoderndays, however, the popular purposes are for self-satisfaction and getting close to the ideal oneself. 5.The common characteristics of cosmetic plastic surgery were found in four counties surveyed. They were self-satisfaction,a body supported by materials, and evaluation by imaginary people. 6.Cautions with cosmetic plastic surgery included that the image after the surgery should be shared by a doctor, that surgery methods and risks shoud be well understood, and that the information of surgery providers (both the doctor and the hospital) shoud be collected.

著者

倉田 美恵 奥山 清美 金田 すみれ 土屋 房江 筒井 由紀子 三谷 璋子 山本 百合子

出版者

福山市立大学

雑誌

福山市立女子短期大学研究教育公開センター年報 (ISSN:13485113)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, pp.65-71, 2008

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真鍋島に住む元気な高齢者(アクテイブシニア)の食生活,生活時間(起床・就寝,家事労働,食事時間),家事労働,衣生活,生き甲斐,今後の地域の希望と住まい方について聞き取り調査をした結果は次のとおりであった。1)調査対象者の年齢は72歳〜88歳で,平均年齢は78.4歳,男性3名,女性11名の合計14名であった。2)家族構成は一人暮らしが64.3%と最も多くその中で,女性の一人暮らしが多い。3)生活基盤は100%年金を頼りに生活をしていた。4)食生活に関しては,食事は3食(朝食,昼食,夕食)とも決まった時間に摂っており,食事内容も日頃,魚と手作り野菜を中心とした料理を作り食べていた。5)家事労働は食事の準備,後片付け,掃除・洗濯,食料品購入に至るまで「自分」が携わっていた。6)今後の地域の住まい方については,高齢者一人暮らしが多いうえ,無医村で病気になった時,災害(台風など)にあった時は不安であるが,島の人たちは親切,人情味があり気楽に生活できる環境である。