著者

長島時子

出版者

恵泉女学園大学

雑誌

研究紀要 : 恵泉女学園短期大学園芸生活学科 = Research Bulletin : Published by Dept. Horticulture, Keisen Junior College (ISSN:09178333)

巻号頁・発行日

no.32, pp.1-17, 2001-03

被引用文献数

1

---

Materisls used for this experiment were two Nelumbo nucifera fruits, preserved for 800 years, which had been layered in the coffin of a mummified head of the Foruth Fujiwara reign. The plants were observed from seeding to flowering. Also observed were the morphology of the fruit, flower, leaf, and pollen grain of the lotus. The causes of longevity in lotus fruit and Tyuusonji-lotus fruit were investigated. 1. Development from seeding to flowring. a. On the seeding of the two lotus fruits were used, one weighing 720 milligrams, and the other weighing 860 milligrams. The seeding was started on May 20,1993. They were cut at the base of the fruit, and then water was poured into the glass. Germination of the fruit weighing 860 milligrams started four days after beginning the seeding ; but the fruit weighing 720 milligrams withered and died. The first leaf emerged six days after seeding, and small roots appeared. 21 days after seeding, the first and second leaves had opened, and the third and fourth leaves had emerged. When the first through the fifth leaves were opened, the lotus plantlet was transplanted, using upland soil in a small round pot, 96 days after seeding, the lotus plantlet was transplanted, using a mixture of a little Maguanp K fertilizer in upland soil. It was cultured a round pot placed in a field. After that, seven leaves opened, but it had no standing leaf. b. The first year seeding, 1994,the plant formed three rhizomes, which were transplanted into a round pot and rectangular plastic contianer : The upland soil was fertilized with a mix of 100 grams of Maguanp K 500 grams of manure per square meter. The lotus plants grew and developed well, but did not exhibit flowering. c. The second year after seeding, 1995,the plant formed eight rhizomes. These rhizomes were transplanted into three rectangular plastic containers, with the upland soil fertilized with a mix of 100 grams Maguanp K, 100 grams of compound fertilizer, and a little bone manure per sequare meter. The lotus plants grew and development well, but did not flowering. d. The third years after seeding, 1996,the plant formed twelve rhizomes. The fertilizer used in this year the same as that used in the previus years. The containers used were round pots and rectangular plastic containers. The lotus plants grew and developed well, but did not flowering. e. The fouth years after seeding, 1997,the plant formed sixteen rhizomes. The culture contianer, fertilizer, and culture methods of this year were the same as those used in the previous year. The lotus plants did not exhibit flowering this year either. One reason for this was that the culture containers placed in the field received in-sufficient hours of sunshine. f. The fifth years after seeding, 1998,the plant formed twenty rhizomes. The culture contianer, and fertilizer and culture methods were the same as in the previous year. The lotus plant had its first flowering during this year. The first flower bloomed on July 29,1998. The flower was 23 centimeters in diameter, and was a beautiful bright pink. Five days later, blooming finished, early in the morning of August 2nd. The flower resembled a ""Waren"" the Japanese wild lotus of midium sized, with bright pink and slender petals. 2. The morphology of lotus included the formation of a stylar end, the protuberance, a cap-shaped portion, and the fruit body and dent portion. In its longitudinal section were found the formation stylar end, pericarp, seed coat, cotyledon, plumula, cavity and dent portion. The pericarp was very hard in sclerenchymatous cells of the palisade layer, and under it was a sclerenchymatous layer in a dense arrangement. There was a hyaline zone near the center of the palisade layer, and under the stoma was a stomatal canal. The hardness of the pericarp in the lotus fruit was a development of mechanical tissue for the palisade layer and sclerenchymatous cell. 3. The lotus flower was a formation of calyx, receptacle, petal, stamen, and pistil.

著者

長島 時子 Tokiko NAGASHIMA

雑誌

研究紀要 : 恵泉女学園短期大学園芸生活学科 = Research Bulletin : Published by Dept. Horticulture, Keisen Junior College

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, pp.1-17, 2001-03

---

Materisls used for this experiment were two Nelumbo nucifera fruits, preserved for 800 years, which had been layered in the coffin of a mummified head of the Foruth Fujiwara reign. The plants were observed from seeding to flowering. Also observed were the morphology of the fruit, flower, leaf, and pollen grain of the lotus. The causes of longevity in lotus fruit and Tyuusonji-lotus fruit were investigated. 1. Development from seeding to flowring. a. On the seeding of the two lotus fruits were used, one weighing 720 milligrams, and the other weighing 860 milligrams. The seeding was started on May 20,1993. They were cut at the base of the fruit, and then water was poured into the glass. Germination of the fruit weighing 860 milligrams started four days after beginning the seeding ; but the fruit weighing 720 milligrams withered and died. The first leaf emerged six days after seeding, and small roots appeared. 21 days after seeding, the first and second leaves had opened, and the third and fourth leaves had emerged. When the first through the fifth leaves were opened, the lotus plantlet was transplanted, using upland soil in a small round pot, 96 days after seeding, the lotus plantlet was transplanted, using a mixture of a little Maguanp K fertilizer in upland soil. It was cultured a round pot placed in a field. After that, seven leaves opened, but it had no standing leaf. b. The first year seeding, 1994,the plant formed three rhizomes, which were transplanted into a round pot and rectangular plastic contianer : The upland soil was fertilized with a mix of 100 grams of Maguanp K 500 grams of manure per square meter. The lotus plants grew and developed well, but did not exhibit flowering. c. The second year after seeding, 1995,the plant formed eight rhizomes. These rhizomes were transplanted into three rectangular plastic containers, with the upland soil fertilized with a mix of 100 grams Maguanp K, 100 grams of compound fertilizer, and a little bone manure per sequare meter. The lotus plants grew and development well, but did not flowering. d. The third years after seeding, 1996,the plant formed twelve rhizomes. The fertilizer used in this year the same as that used in the previus years. The containers used were round pots and rectangular plastic containers. The lotus plants grew and developed well, but did not flowering. e. The fouth years after seeding, 1997,the plant formed sixteen rhizomes. The culture contianer, fertilizer, and culture methods of this year were the same as those used in the previous year. The lotus plants did not exhibit flowering this year either. One reason for this was that the culture containers placed in the field received in-sufficient hours of sunshine. f. The fifth years after seeding, 1998,the plant formed twenty rhizomes. The culture contianer, and fertilizer and culture methods were the same as in the previous year. The lotus plant had its first flowering during this year. The first flower bloomed on July 29,1998. The flower was 23 centimeters in diameter, and was a beautiful bright pink. Five days later, blooming finished, early in the morning of August 2nd. The flower resembled a ""Waren"" the Japanese wild lotus of midium sized, with bright pink and slender petals. 2. The morphology of lotus included the formation of a stylar end, the protuberance, a cap-shaped portion, and the fruit body and dent portion. In its longitudinal section were found the formation stylar end, pericarp, seed coat, cotyledon, plumula, cavity and dent portion. The pericarp was very hard in sclerenchymatous cells of the palisade layer, and under it was a sclerenchymatous layer in a dense arrangement. There was a hyaline zone near the center of the palisade layer, and under the stoma was a stomatal canal. The hardness of the pericarp in the lotus fruit was a development of mechanical tissue for the palisade layer and sclerenchymatous cell. 3. The lotus flower was a formation of calyx, receptacle, petal, stamen, and pistil.

著者

長島 時子

出版者

園藝學會

雑誌

園芸学会雑誌 (ISSN:00137626)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.2, pp.231-241, 1985

被引用文献数

1 1

---

キエビネ, カ&bull;エルメリ及びトクサランの3種のランを供試し, 胚珠形成及び受精後の種子形成過程を組織学的に観察するとともに, 種子形成過程と種子発芽との関係を追究した.<br>1. 子房の大きさは, いずれのランにおいても, 受粉すると急速に増加した. 子房の大きさは, キエビネ及びトクサランでは受粉後50日ごろに, カ&bull;エルメリでは同60日ごろにそれぞれ一定値に達した.<br>2. 種子及び胚の大きさは, いずれのランにおいても, 受精すると急速に増大した. 種子の大きさは, キエビネ及びトクサランでは受粉後80日ごろに, カ&bull;エルメリでは同60日ごろにそれぞれ一定値に達した. 胚の大きさは, キエビネでは受粉後95~100日ごろに, カ&bull;エルメリでは同65~70日ごろに, トクサランでは同87~90日ごろにそれぞれ一定値に達した.<br>3. 胚珠形成は, キエビネでは受粉後43~45日ごろに, カ&bull;エルメリでは同35~37日ごろに, トクサランでは同30~31日ごろにそれぞれ完了した. 重複受精は, キエビネでは受粉後48~50日ごろに, カ&bull;エルメリでは同40~41日ごろに, トクサランでは同34~35日ごろにそれぞれ行われた. 胚のうは, キエビネ, カ&bull;エルメリ及びトクサランのいずれにおいてもそれぞれ5~6個が観察された. 受粉から胚発生完了までに要する日数は, キエビネでは95~100日, カ&bull;エルメリでは65~70日, トクサランでは87~90であった.<br>4. 胚発生の様相はキエビネ, カ&bull;エルメリ及びトクサランのいずれにおいても同様であった. すなわち, いずれにおいても4細胞期ではA₂型であり, 4細胞期以降の胚発生過程はE型 (<i>Liparis pulverulenta</i> 型) に類似していた. また, いずれのランにおいても胚は主としてca細胞から形成された.<br>5. 受精後の胚乳核は, キエビネ, カ&bull;エルメリ及びトクサランのいずれにおいても3~5個が観察された.また, いずれにおいても胚柄の存在が観察された.<br>6. 種子の発芽能力は, キエビネ及びトクサランでは8細胞期 (前者では受粉後70日ごろ, 後者では受粉後55日ごろ) 以降に, カ&bull;エルメリでは前胚の4細胞期以前(受粉後45日ごろ) にそれぞれ認められた. なお, いずれにおいても胚発生完了前後において発芽率が最も高かった. 培地としては, MS培地及びKC培地に比較して, H培地が優れていた.

著者

長島 時子

出版者

園芸学会

雑誌

園芸学会雑誌 (ISSN:00137626)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.2, pp.231-241, 1985 (Released:2007-07-05)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

1 1

---

キエビネ, カ•エルメリ及びトクサランの3種のランを供試し, 胚珠形成及び受精後の種子形成過程を組織学的に観察するとともに, 種子形成過程と種子発芽との関係を追究した.1. 子房の大きさは, いずれのランにおいても, 受粉すると急速に増加した. 子房の大きさは, キエビネ及びトクサランでは受粉後50日ごろに, カ•エルメリでは同60日ごろにそれぞれ一定値に達した.2. 種子及び胚の大きさは, いずれのランにおいても, 受精すると急速に増大した. 種子の大きさは, キエビネ及びトクサランでは受粉後80日ごろに, カ•エルメリでは同60日ごろにそれぞれ一定値に達した. 胚の大きさは, キエビネでは受粉後95~100日ごろに, カ•エルメリでは同65~70日ごろに, トクサランでは同87~90日ごろにそれぞれ一定値に達した.3. 胚珠形成は, キエビネでは受粉後43~45日ごろに, カ•エルメリでは同35~37日ごろに, トクサランでは同30~31日ごろにそれぞれ完了した. 重複受精は, キエビネでは受粉後48~50日ごろに, カ•エルメリでは同40~41日ごろに, トクサランでは同34~35日ごろにそれぞれ行われた. 胚のうは, キエビネ, カ•エルメリ及びトクサランのいずれにおいてもそれぞれ5~6個が観察された. 受粉から胚発生完了までに要する日数は, キエビネでは95~100日, カ•エルメリでは65~70日, トクサランでは87~90であった.4. 胚発生の様相はキエビネ, カ•エルメリ及びトクサランのいずれにおいても同様であった. すなわち, いずれにおいても4細胞期ではA2型であり, 4細胞期以降の胚発生過程はE型 (Liparis pulverulenta 型) に類似していた. また, いずれのランにおいても胚は主としてca細胞から形成された.5. 受精後の胚乳核は, キエビネ, カ•エルメリ及びトクサランのいずれにおいても3~5個が観察された.また, いずれにおいても胚柄の存在が観察された.6. 種子の発芽能力は, キエビネ及びトクサランでは8細胞期 (前者では受粉後70日ごろ, 後者では受粉後55日ごろ) 以降に, カ•エルメリでは前胚の4細胞期以前(受粉後45日ごろ) にそれぞれ認められた. なお, いずれにおいても胚発生完了前後において発芽率が最も高かった. 培地としては, MS培地及びKC培地に比較して, H培地が優れていた.