著者

Mai Sakimoto Takayuki Kawaguchi Aki Watanabe

出版者

Japanese Association of Occupational Therapists

雑誌

Asian Journal of Occupational Therapy (ISSN:13473476)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.1, pp.93-96, 2019 (Released:2019-12-17)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

1

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Introduction: Few reports describe interventions combining the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) although both are important in enabling occupation for a client with depression. We outline the therapy process conducted by an occupational therapist combining the COPM with CBT to enable occupation for a client with depression. Methods: A single-system research design was implemented. The intervention was based on behavioral activation, and the cognitive restructuring was divided into three phases: baseline (Phase I), intervention 1 (Phase II), and intervention 2 (Phase III). Baseline consisted of behavioral activation only. In intervention 1, the COPM was used in addition to the baseline action. In intervention 2, cognitive restructuring was conducted in addition to intervention 1. Results: There was no significant difference in the client's frequency per week of going out in Phase II compared with Phase I (p = 0.062), but the rate increased significantly in Phase III compared with Phase II by binomial test (p = 0.002). As assessed by the COPM, the performance and satisfaction scores for going out were 4 and 3 at the 5th week, but they improved to 7 and 6 at the 17th week. Conclusion: Combining the COPM with CBT significantly increased the frequency of going out that a client with depression hoped to attain. The present intervention might facilitate enabling occupation for clients with depression. Our findings suggested that in clients with depressive symptoms, enabling occupation is possible by combining the COPM with CBT.

著者

Takayuki Kawaguchi Noriyuki Okumura Kiyomi Takahashi Megumi Shinozaki Aki Watanabe

出版者

社団法人 日本作業療法士協会

雑誌

Asian Journal of Occupational Therapy (ISSN:13473476)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.1, pp.127-131, 2022 (Released:2022-07-27)

参考文献数

10

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Introduction: Few reports describe the occupational therapy practice of reinforcing the daily life behaviors hoped for by clients with schizophrenia in community mental health services. We outline a therapeutic process to enable bathing hoped for by a client with schizophrenia through the combined use of the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) and a checklist as a cognitive aid.Methods: The study was divided into a baseline phase and intervention phase based on the single-system design. The interventions were focused on occupation based on the COPM and positive feedback by using the checklist. Assisted bathing, advice, suggestions and prompting of voluntary activities were conducted in the baseline phase.Results: The frequency of bathing per week increased significantly in the intervention phase compared to baseline phase by binomial test (p = 0.03). Although bathing performance score and satisfaction score in the COPM assessment decreased from 10 and 9 (20th week) to 6 and 4 (34th week), respectively, the assessment was influenced by the client's further positive inquiries into ways of bathing.Conclusion: Bathing hoped for by a client with schizophrenia was enhanced, and further positive inquiries into activities of daily life in a personal context were initiated. The findings suggest that in community-dwelling clients with schizophrenia, a client-centered approach combining COPM and a checklist as a behavioral reinforcement-based cognitive aid is sufficiently appropriate for promoting client participation in activities.

著者

Koshi Matsuoka Aki Watanabe Takayuki Kawaguchi Koji Misawa Keiichi Murakami Michinari Fukuda

出版者

The Japanese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine

雑誌

Progress in Rehabilitation Medicine (ISSN:24321354)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, pp.20200031, 2020 (Released:2020-12-22)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

1

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Objectives: There are few scales that reflect the function of the stroke-affected arm as it relates to the performance of daily activities while also indicating the difficulty of scale items. In this study, we developed the Activities Specific Upper-extremity Hemiparesis Scale (ASUHS) to evaluate daily activities performable by the affected arm after stroke. We also clarified the validity, reliability, and item difficulty of the scale.Methods: The participants were 145 patients with stroke who were consecutively admitted to a convalescent rehabilitation ward. The unidimensionality of ASUHS was assessed by principal component analysis. Analyses of item discrimination and content validity were conducted to assess the overall validity. Reliability was evaluated by assessing internal consistency and inter-rater reliability. Item difficulties were determined by Rasch analysis.Results: Unidimensionality, high discrimination, and good content validity were shown for all items. ASUHS consists of a dominant hand scale and non-dominant hand scale. Both scales showed good internal consistency (Cronbach’s α coefficient = 0.99) and substantial inter-rater reliability (Cohen’s Kappa coefficient = 0.74 and 0.75, respectively). Item difficulty was determined as being in the range –8.71 to +5.18 logit.Conclusions: This study suggested good validity and reliability of ASUHS. Furthermore, because the item difficulties of daily activities performed by the affected arm were clarified, therapists can use ASUHS to identify the process that should be the next focus for training. Consequently, therapists may be able to train patients in daily activities that match the affected arm’s ability step by step rather than determining training activities empirically.

著者

NAO-AKI WATANABE KANEMASA KATSU

出版者

JAPAN ANTIBIOTICS RESEARCH ASSOCIATION

雑誌

The Journal of Antibiotics (ISSN:00218820)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.8, pp.1335-1345, 1992-08-25 (Released:2006-04-19)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

1 1

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The bactericidal activity of cefclidin (E1040), a new cephalosporin, against a clinical strain of Citrobacter freundii was compared with that of ceftazidime in a two-compartment in vitro pharmacokinetic model system designed to simulate plasma concentrations in humans for 12 hours after intravenous administration of a 1 g dose. Both cefclidin and ceftazidime showed rapid bactericidal activity against C. freundii. However, during the simulation of ceftazidime treatment, regrowth was observed after two hours and a subpopulation emerged which was resistant to ceftazidime. Neither regrowth nor the emergence of resistant mutants was observed with cefclidin during the 12-hour simulation. The ceftazidime-resistant mutants constitutively overproduced β-lactamase at levels which were about 500-fold higher than that of the parent wild-type strain. Against this β-lactamase overproducing mutant, no bactericidal activity of ceftazidime was observed in the in vitro model system, whereas the bactericidal activity of cefclidin was observed during the 12-hour period. The emergence of Enterobacter cloacae mutants derepressed for β-lactamase production was also observed with ceftazidime but not cefclidin. The affinity of cefclidin for the β-lactamase isolated from these mutants was lower than that of ceftazidime, and the kinetic parameters of enzymatic hydrolysis showed that cefclidin was hydrolyzed more slowly at a low concentration (0.2μM) than was ceftazidime. It is suggested that the high activity of cefclidin against strains derepressed for β-lactamase plays a major role in the absence of emergence of resistant mutants.