- 著者
- Junichi Inatomi Satoko Kataoka Sanae Hatada Yutaka Yano Kenji Hagihara Masatoshi Katsura Hideaki Takebayashi Masahiro Yamaguchi
- 出版者
- 社団法人 日本作業療法士協会
- 雑誌
- Asian Journal of Occupational Therapy (ISSN:13473476)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.18, no.1, pp.173-180, 2022 (Released:2022-09-21)
- 参考文献数
- 23
Background: Outcome of motor practice is influenced by focus of attention. Paying attention to the environment (external focus) has been reported to be more effective than paying attention to body movements (internal focus). On the other hand, internal focus was reported to be more effective for novice sports players, indicating that the optimal focus differs among individuals. Outcome of motor practice is also reported to be influenced by motor imagery ability, where subjects with higher motor imagery ability show better outcomes. However, the possible relation between optimal focus of attention and motor imagery ability is not yet known.Methods: In this study, we evaluated the motor imagery ability of healthy young students using a mental rotation task, and divided the subjects into low-motor-imagery and high-motor-imagery groups. The subjects performed the Functional Reach Test, which reflects balance ability, and performance was examined during and after repeated practice with different focuses of attention. Results: Internal focus was more effective than external focus for the low-motor-imagery groups, while internal focus and external focus were similarly effective for high-motor-imagery groups. Conclusion: These results indicate the relation between optimal focus of attention and motor imagery ability, and suggest the importance of evaluating motor imagery ability in choosing optimal focus of attention for motor practice.
- 著者
- Shan Yun Risa Takashima Mari Sakaue Daisuke Sawamura Takao Inoue Shinya Sakai
- 出版者
- 社団法人 日本作業療法士協会
- 雑誌
- Asian Journal of Occupational Therapy (ISSN:13473476)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.19, no.1, pp.8-15, 2023 (Released:2023-02-17)
- 参考文献数
- 48
Background: Occupational dysfunction (OD) can become a major health problem for community-dwelling older adults. OD can be experienced by older adults despite the absence of an apparent medical diagnosis or disability. Therefore, OD may be a new health indicator in the field of preventive medicine. Objectives: This study investigated possible predictors of OD in community-dwelling older adults. Methods: Fifty-four participants (aged 63-94) in Japan completed a demographic questionnaire, the Classification and Assessment of Occupational Dysfunction Scale (CAOD), assessments of functional health (Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test, Timed Up & Go, Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire-Revised, and Japan Science and Technology Agency Index of Competence), and responded about their subjective health (self-rated health). Only seven participants were men; therefore, male data were excluded from the analysis. Independent t-test and analysis of multiple regression model was performed to identify the predictors of OD. Results: The results of the independent samples t-test shows that the OD group correlated to a significant younger age, more negative automatic thoughts, and better social engagement in older women. The results of the multiple regression analysis showed that negative automatic thoughts was a significant predictor of OD among older women. Conclusion: Negatively evaluating stressful events related to occupational engagement may be associated with OD. It may be useful to assess, maintain, and improve negative automatic thoughts to prevent OD. The results of this study can provide an assessment perspective and intervention strategy focusing on occupations to occupational therapists active in the field of preventive occupational therapy.
- 著者
- Takayuki Miyauchi Shotaro Sasaki Yoko Sasaki Takuma Mogamiya Rumi Tanemura Kunji Shirahama
- 出版者
- 社団法人 日本作業療法士協会
- 雑誌
- Asian Journal of Occupational Therapy (ISSN:13473476)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.19, no.1, pp.236-242, 2023 (Released:2023-10-20)
- 参考文献数
- 24
Introduction: Stroke rehabilitation that considers attention deficits and effectively improves activities of daily living (ADL) requires sufficient evaluation of attention functions. Attention function evaluations are generally performed using neuropsychological tests in patients with stroke. However, such tests become unviable for patients with acute stroke due to fatigue-related unstable general conditions and cannot determine how attention deficits affect ADL. Hence, developing an appropriate observational rating scale is crucial. Therefore, we investigated the factors related to independence in ADL in patients with acute stroke and the usefulness of the Moss Attention Rating Scale (MARS) score in predicting independence in ADL.Methods: In this cross-sectional single-center study, we included 154 patients admitted to Acute Hospital, Japan for stroke treatment between April 2016 and April 2020 who consented to participate. The primary outcome was the motor functional independence measure (m-FIM) score. The secondary outcome measures were the Glasgow Coma Scale score, Brunnstrom recovery stage, grip strength, one-leg standing time (1LST), Mini-Mental State Examination-Japanese score, Visual Cancellation Task score, Symbol Digit Modalities Test score, and MARS score.Results: The 1LST and MARS scores were associated with independence in ADL. The cutoff values were 2.99 seconds for 1LST (average), 89 points for MARS total score, and 58.87 points for MARS logit score.Discussion: The MARS score and 1LST might be useful indices for predicting independence in ADL. Thus, behavioral assessments might be appropriately performed by implementing these indices to determine the degree of ADL independence in patients with stroke, and thereby establishing targeted rehabilitation strategies.
- 著者
- Masahiro Ogawa Kouya Oshita Kouta Matsumoto Sousuke Nakatsuka Hajime Tomita Daisuke Tashiro
- 出版者
- 社団法人 日本作業療法士協会
- 雑誌
- Asian Journal of Occupational Therapy (ISSN:13473476)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.19, no.1, pp.132-139, 2023 (Released:2023-06-09)
- 参考文献数
- 38
Background: The number of studies on cognitive impairment in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has been increasing in recent years. However, no study has comprehensively examined the relationship between cognitive impairment and occupation. Thus, the relationship between cognitive impairment and occupation in patients with COPD remains unclear.Objectives: This study aimed to conduct a scoping review and summarize the findings on the relationship between occupation and cognitive impairments in patients with COPD.Methods: A scoping review of articles published in English from 2001 to 2020 was conducted in MEDLINE, PsychINFO, and OTseeker. A key search term was employed using “COPD,” “occupation,” and “cognitive impairment.” Two investigators independently screened article titles and abstracts (primary screening) and then conducted full text review (secondary screening).Results: After screening, 22 articles were included in the analysis. The results of the analysis of the relationship between cognitive impairment and occupations in patients with COPD revealed that many studies have examined inhaler use and medication management in patients with COPD, whereas only a few studies were conducted in areas such as activities of daily living (ADL) and driving.Conclusion: Since occupations such as ADL and driving are critical for patients with COPD, further studies on these occupations are warranted.
- 著者
- Takuya Noguchi Makoto Kyougoku Mutsumi Teraoka
- 出版者
- 社団法人 日本作業療法士協会
- 雑誌
- Asian Journal of Occupational Therapy (ISSN:13473476)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.19, no.1, pp.46-54, 2023 (Released:2023-04-05)
- 参考文献数
- 40
Aims: This study aimed to validate the Assessment of Positive Occupation 15 (APO-15) by differential item functioning (DIF) and differential test functioning (DTF).Method: Participants were to obtain research cooperation from individual clinics, community healthcare institutions, and home-visit rehabilitation services. The inclusion criteria for participants were people between the ages of 20 and 90 years who were diagnosed with mental illness, physical illness, or geriatric illness and agreed to participate in the study. In this study, the face sheet and APO-15 were distributed to the participants, and they were asked to respond.Results: A total of 3003 participants were included in this study. The mean age was 67.41 (±16.63) years (≥ 75; 1168 and ≤ 74; 1835). Regarding the gender of participants, 1565 were males and 1438 were females. Considering illness, 1184 participants had a mental illness, 897 had a physical illness, and 922 had a geriatric illness. The results of the DIF and DTF suggested that the APO-15 did not differ in the response pattern of the scale due to the influence of subgroups (illness, gender, and age).Conclusion: The APO-15 suggests the potential to provide measurement results with a good level of scale validity and robustness.
- 著者
- Yusuke Masuda Jun Yaeda Tamami Aida
- 出版者
- 社団法人 日本作業療法士協会
- 雑誌
- Asian Journal of Occupational Therapy (ISSN:13473476)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.19, no.1, pp.1-7, 2023 (Released:2023-01-31)
- 参考文献数
- 15
In recent years, the concepts of value-based practice (VBP) and shared decision-making (SDM) have become popular as methods of clinical decision-making and consensus-building. Moreover, the underlying decision-making is commonly known as evidence-based practice (EBP). EBP is the necessary knowledge and skills for clinical practice of occupational therapy, but at the same time, the difficulties of EBP have been reported. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the structure of EBP-promoting factors, including clinical, educational, and research experiences, among occupational therapists. Methods: A questionnaire survey using a postal method was conducted among 30 occupational therapists working in Japanese convalescent rehabilitation wards. Results: Factors associated with the implementation of EBP and self-efficacy regarding EBP included the following: (1) experience of learning in graduate school, (2) experience of receiving education on research methods, (3) positive experience with research, (4) experience of working in professional teams, (5) experience as a clinical practice supervisor for students, (6) frequency of database use, (7) outcome expectancy, (8) work environment, (9) intrinsic motivation, and (10) barriers. The number of years of clinical experience of occupational therapists was not associated with the implementation of EBP and self-efficacy regarding EBP. Conclusions: Research experience, working in professional teams, and being clinical practice supervisors for students and others were more important factors than years of clinical experience to promote the implementation of EBP and self-efficacy regarding EBP among occupational therapists. The structures of these factors interacted with each other.
- 著者
- Seigo Minami Ryuji Kobayashi
- 出版者
- 社団法人 日本作業療法士協会
- 雑誌
- Asian Journal of Occupational Therapy (ISSN:13473476)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.12, no.1, pp.29-36, 2016 (Released:2016-09-04)
- 参考文献数
- 18
- 被引用文献数
- 1
Objective/Background: In this study, we classified the psychological adjustments of family members of terminal cancer patients using a conceptual structure based on recurring cases. We hypothesised that it is possible to determine the need for intervention on the basis of the occupational performance patterns of the family members.Methods: The subjects were bereaved family members of cancer patients who died more than a year ago. For our classification system, we adopted code matrix analysis using MAXQDA10 analysis software.Results: We categorised the 9 cases into 3 types on the basis of functionality with regard to occupation: i) type of continued occupation; ii) type of resumed occupation; iii) type of interrupted occupation. Conclusions: The categorisation of occupational types assumes that occupation has an effect on the family members' ability to progress through or alter mental states according to occupational performance patterns.
- 著者
- Takayuki Kawaguchi Noriyuki Okumura Kiyomi Takahashi Megumi Shinozaki Aki Watanabe
- 出版者
- 社団法人 日本作業療法士協会
- 雑誌
- Asian Journal of Occupational Therapy (ISSN:13473476)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.18, no.1, pp.127-131, 2022 (Released:2022-07-27)
- 参考文献数
- 10
Introduction: Few reports describe the occupational therapy practice of reinforcing the daily life behaviors hoped for by clients with schizophrenia in community mental health services. We outline a therapeutic process to enable bathing hoped for by a client with schizophrenia through the combined use of the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) and a checklist as a cognitive aid.Methods: The study was divided into a baseline phase and intervention phase based on the single-system design. The interventions were focused on occupation based on the COPM and positive feedback by using the checklist. Assisted bathing, advice, suggestions and prompting of voluntary activities were conducted in the baseline phase.Results: The frequency of bathing per week increased significantly in the intervention phase compared to baseline phase by binomial test (p = 0.03). Although bathing performance score and satisfaction score in the COPM assessment decreased from 10 and 9 (20th week) to 6 and 4 (34th week), respectively, the assessment was influenced by the client's further positive inquiries into ways of bathing.Conclusion: Bathing hoped for by a client with schizophrenia was enhanced, and further positive inquiries into activities of daily life in a personal context were initiated. The findings suggest that in community-dwelling clients with schizophrenia, a client-centered approach combining COPM and a checklist as a behavioral reinforcement-based cognitive aid is sufficiently appropriate for promoting client participation in activities.
- 著者
- Noriko Yamaguchi Sayaka Okahashi Priscila Yukari Sewo Sampaio Toshiko Futaki
- 出版者
- 社団法人 日本作業療法士協会
- 雑誌
- Asian Journal of Occupational Therapy (ISSN:13473476)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.12, no.1, pp.53-60, 2016 (Released:2016-09-07)
- 参考文献数
- 22
- 被引用文献数
- 1
Aim: To clarify the characteristics of desktop dual tasks that cause dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) activation. Methods: Subjects (29 young adults and 22 middle-aged adults) performed three different combinations of dual tasks composed of a pencil and paper task (copying numbers or calculation) and a hand-shape changing task (in response to visual hints or self judgment). We measured brain activation using near-infrared spectroscopy. Results: Right DLPFC activation was significantly higher for the simplest dual task than the complex dual task with the younger group, whereas there was no significant difference between tasks with the middle-aged group. Task performance was higher in the younger group than the middle-aged group, whereas there was no difference in brain activation between the two age groups. Conclusion: A dual task including two of each task performed automatically could be used for training frontal lobe functions, and the difficulty level should be adjusted depending on age.
- 著者
- Venthan J MAILOO
- 出版者
- 社団法人 日本作業療法士協会
- 雑誌
- Asian Journal of Occupational Therapy (ISSN:13473476)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.5, no.1, pp.1-10, 2006 (Released:2006-07-14)
- 参考文献数
- 36
- 被引用文献数
- 1 1
It has recently been suggested that yogic philosophy provides a model for occupational therapy and that meditation and pranayama (yogic breathing exercises) can facilitate occupational performance. This literature review was undertaken to determine whether there is any evidence to support the use of pranayama to facilitate occupational performance. A literature search using AMED, BNI, CINAHL, HMIC, Medline and Old Medline for the term `pranayama', limited to English language human research uncovered seven articles clinically applicable to occupational performance. The evidence suggests pranayama can influence, arousal, metabolism and exercise tolerance. Slow alternate nostril breathing should be considered when anxiety impairs occupational performance, and right nostril breathing should be considered for obesity, lethargy, and symptoms of hypothyroidism or similar metabolic disorders that inhibit function. Further research is required for evidence-based application of other pranayama techniques.
- 著者
- Aiko Hoshino Ichiro Kutsuna Ami Usui Yukari Mori Mami Suwa
- 出版者
- 社団法人 日本作業療法士協会
- 雑誌
- Asian Journal of Occupational Therapy (ISSN:13473476)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.19, no.1, pp.195-204, 2023 (Released:2023-10-03)
- 参考文献数
- 35
Background: Mental health problems in the workplace are an important issue globally, and return-to-work (RTW) programs for people on sick leave because of mental health problems are being developed. However, participants' situations and states are various and there are few assessment tools.Objectives: We aimed to reveal the clinical picture of participants of an RTW program according to depressive state with mixed method research to help occupational therapists plan client-centered rehabilitation programs.Methods: We used a conversion mixed methods research design. We collected basic information and administered the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) in the quantitative arm, and used written rehabilitation plans based on interviews conducted in the initial stage assessments of participants in an RTW program as the qualitative arm. Data from the quantitative arm were divided into three groups according to severity of depressive symptoms based on BDI cut-off points. Qualitative data were analyzed by creating codes and categories following the grounded theory approach. Both types of data were merged by calculating the frequencies of occurrence of codes for each depression severity group.Results: Our results showed that participants' clinical pictures were different depending on their depressive state. Participants with a severe state had difficulty waking up early, disordered eating habits and appetite, and difficulty with selfdisclosure. Participants with a lighter depressive state had a stable lifestyle and were able to perform high-level cognitive activities like studying or exercise.Conclusions: Our results will help occupational therapists assess participants in the initial stage RTW programs, and contribute to effective interventions.
- 著者
- Nao Yoshihiro Kazu Amimoto Shinpei Osaki Junpei Tanabe
- 出版者
- 社団法人 日本作業療法士協会
- 雑誌
- Asian Journal of Occupational Therapy (ISSN:13473476)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.19, no.1, pp.213-222, 2023 (Released:2023-10-20)
- 参考文献数
- 37
Background: Functional electrical stimulation (FES) improves unilateral spatial neglect (USN). However, only few studies have reported on the relationship between FES and cognitive function. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of FES on attentional function in healthy participants using the Posner task, which is generally used to assess patients with USN.Methods: In this interventional study, we conducted experiments on healthy participants to obtain fundamental knowledge before investigating effective ways of adapting FES to patients with USN as our final purpose. A total of 28 right-handed healthy young participants were assigned to the online-effect group or after-effect group and underwent FES simultaneously with or immediately before the Posner task, respectively. FES was applied to the extensor muscles of the left forearm to induce involuntary movement.Results: A significant difference was observed in the effects of FES in the Posner task between the online-effect group or after-effect group in the left-valid conditions (online-effect, 26.7 ms delay; after-effect, -0.4 ms [reduction]; p = 0.01). No interaction was noted between the groups and the type of target of the Posner task presentation condition. The effects of FES differed between the online- and after-effect condition groups.Conclusion: Performing the attention task after FES may enhance attention compared with performing the task with FES simultaneously.
- 著者
- Masato Ikegami Hitoshi Mutai Rika Karasawa Yoshie Yuzawa Nobuko Sakai
- 出版者
- 社団法人 日本作業療法士協会
- 雑誌
- Asian Journal of Occupational Therapy (ISSN:13473476)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.19, no.1, pp.68-76, 2023 (Released:2023-04-05)
- 参考文献数
- 27
Background and Purpose: We introduced an intervention that aimed to improve upper limb use in daily life using Aid for Decision-making in Occupation Choice for Hand (ADOC-H), a monitoring and problem-solving technique, in addition to conventional occupational therapy for hospitalized patients with acute stroke. This pilot study examined the effectiveness of this intervention to improve paralyzed upper limb use in daily life and their motor function.Methods: This comparative study included 28 patients with acute stroke who underwent an intervention based on the ADOC-H process (ADOC-H group) and 155 participants from a previous study (control group). The paralytic arm participation measure (PPM; scores for eating and toileting items) was used to evaluate upper limb use in daily life, and the Stroke Impairment Assessment Set (SIAS; knee mouth [K-M] and finger flexion [F-F] tests) was used to evaluate upper limb motor function. The amount of change in these evaluations was compared between the two groups.Results: Using propensity score matching, 21 participants were allocated to each group. Comparing the two groups, significant improvements were observed in the ADOC-H group for all items, as shown by the scores for PPM total (P = 0.005, r = 0.43), eating (P = 0.035, r = 0.32), toileting (P = 0.004, r = 0.44), upper limb motor function (P = 0.001, r = 0.52), K-M (P = 0.014, r = 0.38), and F-F (P = 0.002, r = 0.48).Conclusion: This intervention process may be effective for improving the frequency of paralyzed upper limb use and upper limb motor function of the paralyzed upper limbs in patients with acute stroke.
- 著者
- Fumio Sakimoto Mizuho Fujiwara
- 出版者
- 社団法人 日本作業療法士協会
- 雑誌
- Asian Journal of Occupational Therapy (ISSN:13473476)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.19, no.1, pp.38-45, 2023 (Released:2023-04-05)
- 参考文献数
- 21
Background: Stroke survivors face various problems after discharge from rehabilitation hospitals. This study aimed to clarify the post-discharge experiences of male stroke survivors with attention deficits, a form of higher brain dysfunction.Methods: The subjects of this study were three male stroke survivors who were discharged from a convalescent rehabilitation ward and their spouses. Semi-structured interviews were conducted 1, 3, and 6 months after discharge. Data were qualitatively analyzed using Trajectory Equifinality Modeling to depict the post-discharge pathways experienced by stroke survivors.Results: The Obligatory Passage Points of post-discharge pathways experienced by stroke survivors were as follows: feeling “difference” in daily life, becoming aware of higher brain dysfunction through interaction with others, and becoming able to “organize my thoughts” through an occupation and interacting with others. In addition, the Bifurcation Points were “increased occupation away from the wife” and “occupation with the wife continues,” and the Equifinality Point was “select occupation autonomously.” Conclusion: Although the stroke patients were suspected of being attention deficit during the evaluation that performed during their hospitalization, they were unaware of it during their hospitalization and immediately after discharge. However, the stroke survivors became aware of their higher brain dysfunction through interactions with others other than their wives, and their insight into their disability increased as they participated in occupations. These results suggest the importance of including occupations that challenge stroke survivors and in which others, besides the wife, participate in the occupational therapy program.