著者

Akira Fukuda Ryu Tsunashima Masaru Usui

出版者

Food Safety Commission, Cabinet Office, Government of Japan

雑誌

Food Safety (ISSN:21878404)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.D-23-00006, (Released:2023-10-14)

参考文献数

37

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In aquaculture, bacterial infections in sea animals are treated using antimicrobials. As seafood is frequently consumed in its raw form, seafood contaminated with water-borne antimicrobial-resistant bacteria presents a potential transmission route to humans and can influence food safety. In this study, we aimed to determine the abundance of water-borne bacteria in retail raw seafood and to characterize their antimicrobial resistance profiles. In total, 85 retail raw seafood samples (32 fish, 26 shellfish, 25 mollusks, and two crustaceans) were purchased from supermarkets in Japan, and water-borne bacteria were isolated. The isolated bacterial species predominantly included Vibrio spp. (54.1%) and Aeromonas spp. (34.1%). Vibrio or Aeromonas spp. were isolated from more than 70% of the seafood samples. Tetracycline-, sulfamethoxazole-, and/or trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole-resistant Vibrio or Aeromonas spp. isolates were detected in seven (21.9%) fish samples (two wild-caught and five farm-raised) harboring tet, sul, and/or dfr genes. Sulfamethoxazole- and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole-resistant isolates were only detected in farm-raised fish. Tetracycline and sulfamethoxazole are commonly used in aquaculture. These results suggest that water-borne bacteria like Vibrio and Aeromonas spp. should be the primary focus of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria monitoring to effectively elucidate their spread of bacteria via seafood.

著者

Koji Takamoto Yutaka Morizaki Akira Fukuda Takashi Ohe

出版者

The Japanese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine

雑誌

Progress in Rehabilitation Medicine (ISSN:24321354)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, pp.20230030, 2023 (Released:2023-09-21)

参考文献数

33

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Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of untreated hand diseases on hand grip strength, a value that is commonly used as a diagnostic parameter for sarcopenia and frailty in geriatric populations. We hypothesized that individuals with untreated hand diseases would have lower grip strength than those without hand diseases.Methods: A total of 240 individuals aged at least 65 years were recruited and divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of typical hand diseases. Grip strength was compared between the two groups separately for men and women using a t-test, with each group consisting of 60 women or 60 men.Results: Both women and men in the hand disease group exhibited significantly lower grip strength than those in the control group.Conclusions: These findings suggest that untreated hand diseases have a negative impact on grip strength, and this may introduce bias in the screening or diagnosis of sarcopenia and frailty. It is essential to consider the presence of hand diseases when measuring hand grip strength in older adults.

著者

Susumu Yamazaki Takayuki Kando Michihiro Matsumoto Tsuneo Nakanishi Teruaki Kitasuka Akira Fukuda

出版者

Information Processing Society of Japan

雑誌

IPSJ Digital Courier (ISSN:13497456)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, pp.128-140, 2005 (Released:2005-01-26)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1

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A recent trend in program development is the employment of generic software components such as libraries and frameworks. Typically, however, it is difficult to achieve both genericity and runtime execution efficiency simultaneously. Therefore, many researchers have studied program specialization, which is one technique to translate a generic program automatically into an efficient program specialized for a specific runtime environment. However, it is very difficult to implement a system that can specialize practical applications. Although some possible reasons exist for the problem, this paper focuses on the problems of instruction-dependent processes. Each necessary analysis for existing program specializer systems must include instruction-dependent processes. Therefore, not only does the code size of the specializer get larger, but maintainability and reliability are also degraded. Then, we propose a new algorithm of logic-based binding time analysis using reaching definitions analysis, which is widely used among many other analyses. We also evaluate how this technique improves the implementation simplicity of binding time analyzer: the code size is reduced by about 10%. Especially, instruction-dependent processes are almost entirely eliminated.

著者

Masaru USUI Akari KAJINO Michiha KON Akira FUKUDA Tomomi SATO Takahiro SHIRAKAWA Michiko KAWANISHI Kazuki HARADA Chie NAKAJIMA Yasuhiko SUZUKI Yutaka TAMURA

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.19-0144, (Released:2019-05-02)

被引用文献数

3

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The emergence and spread of aminoglycoside-resistant bacteria are a public health concern. The acquisition of the genes encoding 16S rRNA methylases, such as armA, rmtA, and rmtB, confers high-level resistance to aminoglycosides. However, the prevalence has not been well investigated in Japanese veterinary fields. To determine the prevalence of 16S rRNA methylases in animals, we detected 16S rRNA methylases genes in Gram-negative bacteria from animals. Here, we report the isolation of rmtB amd armA from two of the 446 Escherichia coli (0.5%) and one of the 103 Klebsiella spp. isolates (1.0%) from companion animals, respectively. However, none of the isolations were observed from 2445 E. coli isolates derived from livestock in Japan. The prevalence of 16S rRNA methylases in animals, especially in companion animals, should be carefully monitored in Japanese veterinary fields to avoid the spreading of the genes.

著者

Tsuneo Nakanishi Akira Fukuda

雑誌

情報処理学会論文誌 (ISSN:18827764)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.4, pp.829-837, 2001-04-15

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Interval arithmetic an arithmetic system on intervals of real numbers is useful for program analysis which deals with range information of variables or expressions such as array reference analysis data dependence analysis and value range analysis.However since loop indices or array subscripts often take contiguous integers with a stride the interval representing densely contiguous real numbers is not accurate representation for program analysis and degrades opportunity of parallelization or code optimization.In this paper {it modulo interval arithmetic/} an arithmetic system on sets of contiguous integers with strides included in real intervals is presented.Modulo interval arithmetic has both arithmetic operations and set operations which are useful for various program analysis.Moreover this paper discusses application of modulo interval arithmetic to program analysis for parallelizing compilers.