著者

Toru SUZUKI Atsushi TAKEDA Yoko TAKADAYA Yoshihiro FUJII

出版者

Asian Society of Human Services

雑誌

Asian Journal of Human Services (ISSN:21863350)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, pp.55-62, 2020 (Released:2020-10-30)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

1 5

---

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between Selective Mutism (SM) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). We conducted an individual questionnaire survey of kindergarten and elementary school teachers about the children with SM (n=17), children with ASD (n=12) and children with Typical Development (TD) (n=12) in their classes. The questionnaire included screening tests for SM, using the Selective Mutism Questionnaire-Revised (SMQ-R), and ASD, using the Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ). The results showed that in the SMQ-R, the scores for children with SM were significantly higher than those for other children. Meanwhile, in the AQ, the children with SM and ASD scored significantly higher than the children with TD, but no difference was observed between the two. This suggests that many children with SM are likely to show ASD traits. In future, to support children with SM, we need to find effective approaches to both the SM and ASD aspects of their condition.

著者

Emi Iida Kazunori Kuriyama Midori Tabara Atsushi Takeda Nobuhiro Suzuki Hiromitsu Moriyama Toshiyuki Fukuhara

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.4, pp.289-299, 2023-12-25 (Released:2023-12-25)

参考文献数

29

---

Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Rhizobium radiobacter) is used for the transient expression of foreign genes by the agroinfiltration method, but the introduction of foreign genes often induces transcriptional and/or post-transcriptional gene silencing (TGS and/or PTGS). In this study, we characterized the structural features of T-DNA that induce TGS during agroinfiltration. When A. tumefaciens cells harboring an empty T-DNA plasmid containing the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter were infiltrated into the leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana line 16c with a GFP gene over-expressed under the control of the same promoter, no small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) were derived from the GFP sequence. However, siRNAs derived from the CaMV 35S promoter were detected, indicating that TGS against the GFP gene was induced. When the GFP gene was inserted into the T-DNA plasmid, PTGS against the GFP gene was induced whereas TGS against the CaMV 35S promoter was suppressed. We also showed the importance of terminator sequences in T-DNA for gene silencing. Therefore, depending on the combination of promoter, terminator and coding sequences on T-DNA and the host nuclear genome, either or both TGS and/or PTGS could be induced by agroinfiltration. Furthermore, we showed the possible involvement of three siRNA-producing Dicers (DCL2, DCL3 and DCL4) in the induction of TGS by the co-agroinfiltration method. Especially, DCL2 was probably the most important among them in the initial step of TGS induction. These results are valuable for controlling gene expression by agroinfiltration.

著者

Toru SUZUKI Yoshihiro FUJII Kazuaki MAEBARA Atsushi TAKEDA

出版者

Asian Society of Human Services

雑誌

Asian Journal of Human Services (ISSN:21863350)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, pp.101-107, 2022-04-30 (Released:2022-04-30)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

1

---

The aim of this study was to understand the prevalence and support status of students showing symptoms of selective mutism in special needs schools for students with intellectual disabilities. A questionnaire was sent to the principals of 12 special needs schools for students with intellectual disability in prefecture Akita, asking whether they had students showing symptoms of selective mutism and the kind of support provided. The results showed that six of the 12 schools had students showing symptoms of selective mutism, with a prevalence rate of 1.05%. Types of support provided included speech therapy and environmental adjustments. The results revealed that: 1) the prevalence of selective mutism is higher in special needs schools than in regular elementary and middle schools, and 2) better support is provided in special needs schools than in regular elementary and middle schools.

著者

Noriaki Nagai Atsushi Takeda Yuri Itanami Yoshimasa Ito

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.12, pp.2230-2237, 2012-12-01 (Released:2012-12-01)

参考文献数

42

被引用文献数

3 8

---

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) comprise one of the most frequently used classes of medicines in the world; however, NSAIDs have significant side effects, such as gastroenteropathy, and rheumatoid arthritis patients taking NSAIDs are more susceptible to NSAID-induced gastric lesions as compared to patients with other diseases. In Asian countries, loxoprofen has been used clinically for many years as a standard NSAID. We demonstrate the preventive effect of the co-administration of water containing magnesium ion (magnesium water, 1–200 µg/kg) on the ulcerogenic response to loxoprofen in adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA) rats. Oral administration of loxoprofen (100 mg/kg) caused hemorrhagic lesions in the gastric mucosa of AA rats 14 d after adjuvant injection, and, following loxoprofen administration, the lesion score of AA rats was significantly higher than that of normal rats. The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA and nitric oxide (NO) production in the gastric mucosa of AA rats were also increased by the administration of loxoprofen, and the increase in lesions and NO were prevented by the administration of aminoguanidine, an iNOS inhibitor. The co-administration of magnesium water decreased the ulcerogenic response to loxoprofen in AA rats. In addition, the co-administration of magnesium water attenuated the increase in iNOS mRNA expression and NO production in AA rats receiving loxoprofen. These results suggest that the oral co-administration of magnesium water to AA rats has a potent preventive effect on the ulcerogenic response to loxoprofen, probably by inhibiting the rise in iNOS and NO levels in the gastric mucosa.