- 著者
- Katsuya Yamashita Satoru Yamaguchi Takayuki Saito Yuya Yamakura Eiichiro Kanda Sento Nakai Hiroki Motoyoshi
- 出版者
- Meteorological Society of Japan
- 雑誌
- SOLA (ISSN:13496476)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- pp.2020-045, (Released:2020-11-23)
A system with existing snowfall sensors, which is used to control the operation of the sprinkler snow removal system, was developed to acquire data that can be used to generate snowfall distribution with high spatiotemporal resolution. This had advantages such as low installation and management costs, as well as flexibility with respect to the configuration of its observation points. The results confirmed that this system, developed for experimental purposes in Nagaoka City (Niigata Prefecture), made it possible to generate the snowfall amount distribution as well as the precipitation rate within a 25 km × 30 km area at 10-min intervals based on in-situ measurements conducted at 16 ground-based points. A comparison of the system with other observation systems confirmed that it could detect detailed spatial snowfall variations, which could not be achieved using existing the ground-based observation networks, and provide sufficient observation accuracy for winter road management. Since many snowfall sensors are installed on the Sea of Japan side of mainland of Japan, this system has the potential for extensive application in the snowy areas of Japan characterized by heavy snowfall at temperatures of approximately 0°C.
- 著者
- Katsuya Yamashita Satoru Yamaguchi Takayuki Saito Yuya Yamakura Eiichiro Kanda Sento Nakai Hiroki Motoyoshi
- 出版者
- Meteorological Society of Japan
- 雑誌
- SOLA (ISSN:13496476)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.16, pp.271-276, 2020 (Released:2020-12-26)
- 参考文献数
- 16
A system with existing snowfall sensors, which is used to control the operation of the sprinkler snow removal system, was developed to acquire data that can be used to generate snowfall distribution with high spatiotemporal resolution. This had advantages such as low installation and management costs, as well as flexibility with respect to the configuration of its observation points. The results confirmed that this system, developed for experimental purposes in Nagaoka City (Niigata Prefecture), made it possible to generate the snowfall amount distribution as well as the precipitation rate within a 25 km × 30 km area at 10-min intervals based on in-situ measurements conducted at 16 ground-based points. A comparison of the system with other observation systems confirmed that it could detect detailed spatial snowfall variations, which could not be achieved using existing the ground-based observation networks, and provide sufficient observation accuracy for winter road management. Since many snowfall sensors are installed on the Sea of Japan side of mainland of Japan, this system has the potential for extensive application in the snowy areas of Japan characterized by heavy snowfall at temperatures of approximately 0°C.
- 著者
- Hung Hsu Powen Hsu Ming-Hui Cheng Yasuki Ito Eiichiro Kanda Ernst J Schaefer Masumi Ai
- 出版者
- Japan Atherosclerosis Society
- 雑誌
- Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- pp.48330, (Released:2019-02-07)
- 参考文献数
- 49
- 被引用文献数
- 20
Aims: Prediabetes and diabetes are associated with increased insulin resistance and decreased insulin production, dyslipidemia, and increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Our goals were to assess lipoprotein subfractions using novel assays in such subjects.Methods: Fasting normal, prediabetic, and diabetic Taiwanese men and women (n=2,049) had their serum glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, insulin, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), HDL3-C, apolipoprotein E-HDL-C, direct low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), small dense LDL-C (sdLDL-C), LDL-TG, and remnant lipoprotein cholesterol (RLP-C) levels measured using novel assays. HDL2-C, LDL-C, and large-buoyant LDL-C (lbLDL-C) were calculated.Results: Prediabetic male and female subjects had significantly higher levels of TG, RLP-C, sdLDL-C, the sdLDL-C/LDL-C ratio, and LDL-TG than normal subjects, and statin treatment abolished this effect in men, but not in women. Diabetic male and female subjects had significantly higher TG and sdLDL-C/LDL-C ratios, and significantly lower levels of HDL-C, HDL2-C, HDL3-C, and apoE HDL-C than normal subjects, as did prediabetic women. Median direct LDL-C levels were >100 mg/dL in all groups, even in those receiving statin therapy. Calculated LDL-C significantly underestimated direct LDL-C by >10% in diabetic subjects.Conclusions: Our data indicate that prediabetic subjects were more likely to have significantly elevated RLP-C, sdLDL-C, and LDL-TG, while diabetic subjects were more likely to have significantly decreased HDL-C, HDL2-C, HDL3-C, and apoE HDL-C than normal subjects, and calculated LDL-C significantly underestimated their direct LDL-C. In our view, direct LDL-C and sdLDL-C should be measured and optimized in both diabetic and prediabetic subjects to reduce CVD risk.