著者

Bruno G. N. ANDRADE Rafael R. C. CUADRAT Fernanda Raya TONETTI Haruki KITAZAWA Julio VILLENA

出版者

BMFH Press

雑誌

Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health (ISSN:21863342)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2022-009, (Released:2022-03-29)

被引用文献数

8

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On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared a pandemic of coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and imposed the biggest public health challenge for our civilization, with unforeseen impacts in the subsequent years. Similar to other respiratory infections, COVID-19 is associated with significant changes in the composition of the upper respiratory tract microbiome. Studies have pointed to a significant reduction of diversity and richness of the respiratory microbiota in COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, it has been suggested that Prevotella, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus are associated with severe COVID-19 cases, while Dolosigranulum and Corynebacterium are significantly more abundant in asymptomatic subjects or with mild disease. These results have stimulated the search for new microorganisms from the respiratory microbiota with probiotic properties that could alleviate symptoms and even help in the fight against COVID-19. To date, the potential positive effects of probiotics in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 pandemics have been extrapolated from studies carried out with other viral pathogens, such as influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus. However, scientific evidence has started to emerge demonstrating the capacity of immunomodulatory bacteria to beneficially influence the resistance against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here we review the scientific knowledge regarding the role of the respiratory microbiota in viral infections in general and in the infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 in particular. In addition, the scientific work that supports the use of immunomodulatory probiotic microorganisms as beneficial tools to reduce the severity of respiratory viral infections is also reviewed. In particular, our recent studies that evaluated the role of immunomodulatory Dolosigranulum pigrum strains in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection are highlighted.

著者

Hideki KINOSHITA Satoko OHUCHI Kensuke ARAKAWA Masamichi WATANABE Haruki KITAZAWA Tadao SAITO

出版者

BMFH出版会

雑誌

Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health (ISSN:21863342)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.4, pp.185-196, 2016 (Released:2016-10-28)

参考文献数

66

被引用文献数

23

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The adhesion of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) to the intestinal mucosa is one of the criteria in selecting for probiotics. Eighteen LAB were isolated from porcine intestinal mucin (PIM): ten strains of Lactobacillus, six strains of Weissella, and two strains of Streptococcus. Using sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) for phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) extracts from the LAB, many bands were detected in half of the samples, while a few and/or no clear bands were detected in the other half. All six of the selected LAB showed adhesion to PIM. L. johnsonii MYU 214 and MYU 221 showed adhesion at more than 10%. W. viridescens MYU 208, L. reuteri MYU 213, L. mucosae MYU 225, and L. agilis MYU 227 showed medium levels of adhesion at 5.9–8.3%. In a comprehensive analysis for the adhesins in the PBS extracts using a receptor overlay analysis, many moonlighting proteins were detected and identified as candidates for adhesins: GroEL, enolase, and elongation factor Tu in MYU 208; peptidase C1, enolase, formyl-CoA transferase, phosphoglyceromutase, triosephosphate isomerase, and phosphofructokinase in MYU 221; and DnaK, enolase, and phosphoglycerate kinase in MYU 227. These proteins in the PBS extracts, which included such things as molecular chaperones and glycolytic enzymes, may play important roles as adhesins.

著者

Haruki Kitazawa Takeshi Shimosato Masanori Tohno Tadao Saito

出版者

Japan Society for Lactic Acid Bacteria

雑誌

日本乳酸菌学会誌 (ISSN:1343327X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.1, pp.11-20, 2005-06-01 (Released:2012-09-24)

参考文献数

61

被引用文献数

5 6

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Many works on the biological functions of dairy lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have contributed to the application of LAB in functional foods and supplements in the global market. More recently, the new term “immunobiotics”, has been proposed to identify probiotic bacteria that promote health through activation of intestinal immunity from those with strictly local immunity, and expected for an appropriate evolutionary development. We have studied specific effector molecules and their receptor targets. Recently, we found that immunostimulatory AT oligonucleotide (AT-ODN), but not CpG ODN, from Lactobacillus gasseri JCM 1131T triggered. immune responses via Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), which has been identified as a particular receptor for bacterial DNA containing the specific sequence pattern of unmethylated CpG dinucleotide. Through the discovery of TLR9, possible molecular mechanisms in immune responses through bacterial DNA have been rapidly revealed in mice. Recently, we found that ATODN from Lactobacillus gasseri, possibly induces immunoactivation in Peyer's patches (Pps)via TLR9. We demonstrated that TLR9 is a receptor for not only CpG but also for non-CpG AT ODN as a result of the induction of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation by gene reporter assay. This review describes our recent study on the immunostimulatory activity of LAB via TLRs, especially TLR 9 and 2 and discuss future trends in the development of “Immunobiotic Foods” through intestinal immunoregulation mediated by “Immunobiotic” LAB via TLRs.