著者

Thanda Aung Yukinari Muramatsu Naomi Horiuchi Jingai Che Yuya Mochizuki Isao Ogiwara

出版者

園芸学会

雑誌

Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science (ISSN:18823351)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CH-110, (Released:2014-07-03)

被引用文献数

2 18

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The purpose of this study was to clarify the plant growth and fruit quality of blueberry in a controlled room under artificial light. Cultivars used were a northern highbush ‘Blueray’, and two southern highbush, ‘Misty’ and ‘Sharpblue’. A comparative study was carried out of growth characteristics, photosynthetic potential and fruit quality analysis in different growing environments, in particular focusing on plants growing in a glasshouse under natural sunlight and plants in a controlled room under artificial light. Environmental conditions of the controlled room under artificial light were 15 to 25°C, 50 to 70% humidity, 150 to 350 μmol·m−2·s−1 light intensity, and a 10-hour photoperiod from the primary experiment. In these growing environments, normal fruits developed from all the tested cultivars by successful growth without decreasing plant vigor and leaf photosynthetic ability until fruit harvesting time compared to the cultivars grown in the glasshouse under natural sunlight condition. Moreover, it was confirmed that high-quality fruits could be harvested in a controlled environment to increase fruit production with high SSC % and high anthocyanin content but low acid % in ‘Blueray’ and ‘Misty’, but not ‘Sharpblue’. Finally, this report presents the possibility of high-quality blueberry production in a controlled environment under artificial light conditions with some cultivars.

著者

Chieko Miyashita Yuka Koito Isao Ogiwara

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.UTD-042, (Released:2018-12-05)

被引用文献数

4

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Blueberries are handpicked because of irregular maturation of fruits within clusters. Therefore, harvesting is labor intensive and results in a short shelf life of the product. Cluster harvesting, as performed for grapes, could solve these problems. Previously, we produced many interspecific hybrids between the highbush blueberry (HB; Vaccinium corymbosum L.) and rabbiteye blueberry (RB; Vaccinium virgatum Aiton) and found that some individuals were parthenocarpic and maturation of berries within fruit clusters was relatively uniform. In the present study, we investigated the degree of parthenocarpy and suitability of the hybrids for cluster harvesting and considered the use of parthenocarpic hybrids to breed cultivars for cluster harvesting. The degree of parthenocarpy was evaluated in 21 blueberry plants (hybrids and cultivars) based on the average fruit set without pollination. It was found that 2 hybrid individuals had the highest frequencies of parthenocarpy and their fruit set and weight were close to those of pollinated fruits; moreover, pollinated fruits of these hybrids were seedless. Thereafter, the uniformity of flowering and fruit maturation was evaluated, and the 2 hybrids showed a relatively uniform maturity of fruits in a cluster; furthermore, fruit dropping occurred later. In addition, correlation analysis was performed for 5 parameters related to parthenocarpy and suitability for cluster harvesting. For seeded fruits, it was found that the flowers that bloomed earlier in a cluster formed a fruit containing more seeds and matured earlier. Comparison of cluster and individual harvesting showed that the percentages of mature fruits within clusters in the 2 hybrids were markedly higher than those in the HB cultivars. Moreover, cluster harvesting of the hybrids greatly shortened the working time needed for harvest and subsequent fruit sorting to 59% of that of individual harvesting. Thus, the 2 hybrids that had a higher degree of parthenocarpy than that in the existing blueberry cultivars were assessed to be highly suitable for cluster harvesting. Factors underlying this suitability may be related to the seedlessness of interspecific hybrids. These results suggest that interspecific hybridization between HB and RB is useful as a breeding method to produce cultivars suitable for cluster harvesting.

著者

Manato Ohishi-Yamazaki Miho Watanabe Ai Nakanishi Jingai Che Naomi Horiuchi Isao Ogiwara

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.OKD-136, (Released:2018-03-13)

被引用文献数

5

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We attempted to shorten the juvenile phase of southern highbush blueberries by using controlled rooms under artificial light. Seeds were extracted from fresh fruits and sowed in the Woody Plant Medium (WPM) immediately after harvest. When these seeds were irradiated with red LED, their germination rate was over 80% by the 35 days after sowing. The seedlings in the controlled room continued to grow without entering the dormant phase. Especially, maximum growth was observed under the long-day condition of 12-h light. Even under the short-day condition of 8-h light, increased growth was observed when grown at a high light intensity (400 μmol·m−2·s−1). For the seedlings that were moved from the long-day controlled room to the short-day controlled room after 10 months, the ‘Misty’ seedlings flowered within 327 days after sowing while the ‘Sharpblue’ seedlings flowered within 357 days after sowing. Furthermore, when cultivated under the short-day condition at 400 μmol·m−2·s−1 for the entire length of the experiment, the flowering of ‘Misty’ seedlings was observed within 300 days after sowing. The seedlings maintained under the short day condition of high light intensity flowered earlier than seedlings moved from the long-day controlled room to the short-day controlled room. Thus, southern highbush blueberries were successfully induced to flower in less than a year from seed planting, using a combination of techniques to promote germination and control the growth environment conditions in a controlled room.