著者

Hirotoshi UTSUNOMIYA Tadashi YAMAKAWA Junzo KAMEI Kazuaki KADONOSONO Shun-Ichi TANAKA

出版者

バイオメディカルリサーチプレス

雑誌

Biomedical Research (ISSN:03886107)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.5, pp.193-200, 2005 (Released:2005-12-05)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

11 24

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Dried plums, considered a healthy food in the West and used as medicine in India, contain phenolic compounds with protective actions against age-related diseases. Effects of oral plum ekisu (concentrated juice) on lipid and glucose tolerance were assessed in insulin-resistant obese Wistar fatty rats. Plum ingestion decreased blood glucose (P < 0.05) and plasma triglyceride concentrations (P < 0.01) compared with controls. Plum treatment for 2 weeks reduced areas under the curve (AUCs) for glucose and insulin during a glucose tolerance test. In db/db mice, plum decreased these AUCs, and also blood glucose during an insulin tolerance test. Plum treatment significantly increased plasma adiponectin concentrations and PPARγ mRNA expression in adipose tissue from Wistar fatty rats. Plum thus may increase insulin sensitivity in these rats via adiponectin-related mechanisms.

著者

Kimio Higashiyama Yosuke Takeuchi Takayasu Yamauchi Satoshi Imai Junzo Kamei Yoshinori Yajima Minoru Narita Tsutomu Suzuki

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.5, pp.845-848, 2005 (Released:2005-05-01)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

11 14

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We previously reported that either (+)-matrine (matridin-15-one) or (+)-allomatrine (the C-6 epimer of matrine)-induced antinociceptive effect was attenuated by s.c. pretreatment with a κ-opioid receptor (KOR) antagonist nor-binaltorphimine (nor-BNI), indicating the critical role of KORs in antinociceptive effects induced by these alkaloids. In the present study, we found that i.c.v. administration of either (+)-matrine- or (+)-allomatrine induced antinociceptive effects in the mouse tail-flick and warm-plate test, whereas these alkaloids when given spinally failed to induce antinociception. In the guanosine-5′-O-(3-[35S]thio)trisphosphate ([35S]GTPγS) binding assay, we demonstrated that neither (+)-matrine nor (+)-allomatrine produced the stimulation of [35S]GTPγS binding in the membranes of the spinal cord, indicating that (+)-matrine- and (+)-allomatrine-induced supraspinal antinociceptive actions was not due to a direct stimulation of KORs by these alkaloids. Therefore, we next investigated the involvement of dynorphin A (1-17) release at the spinal or supraspinal site in (+)-matrine- or (+)-allomatrine-induced antinociception. The i.c.v. pretreatment with an antiserum against dynorphin A (1-17) could not affect the antinociceptive effect induced by s.c. treatment of (+)-matrine. In contrast, the s.c.-administered (+)-matrine- and (+)-allomatrine-induced antinociceptive effect was significantly attenuated by i.t. pretreatment of an antiserum against dynorphin A (1-17). The present data suggest that either (+)-matrine or (+)-allomatrine when given i.c.v. may stimulate the descending dynorphinergic neuron, resulting in the stimulation of KORs in the spinal cord, and this phenomenon in turn produces the antinociception in mice.