著者

Kazuki Fukushima Toko Kanomata Aoi Kon Hiromi Masuko-Suzuki Kana Ito Sadayoshi Ogata Yoshinobu Takada Yukihiro Komatsubara Tsuyoshi Nakamura Takumi Watanabe Saori Koizumi Hitoshi Sanuki Jong-In Park Satoshi Niikura Keita Suwabe Sota Fujii Kohji Murase Seiji Takayama Go Suzuki Masao Watanabe

出版者

The Genetics Society of Japan

雑誌

Genes & Genetic Systems (ISSN:13417568)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.20-00066, (Released:2021-06-18)

参考文献数

62

被引用文献数

1

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In various coastal areas of Japan, naturalized radish populations are observed. Radish is a cruciferous plant and exhibits self-incompatibility, involving a system controlled by a single locus with multiple S alleles. Although the S allele diversity of radish cultivars and wild radishes has been characterized, the S allele distribution in naturalized populations has not yet been analyzed in relation to the positions of the plants in situ. Here, we show the S allele distribution in naturalized radish populations of Yakushima, a small island in the East China Sea, with positions of the plants. Radish plants were sampled in coastal areas in Yakushima, and their S alleles were detected and characterized. Most of the S alleles had been previously identified in radish cultivars. However, four novel S alleles, which may be unique to Yakushima, were also found. Moreover, seeds in siliques from plants growing in the study areas were sampled, and S allele determination in DNA extracted from these seeds suggested that the plants had exchanged their pollen among their close neighbors. There was also a problem in that the PCR amplification of some SRK alleles was difficult because of their sequence diversity in the naturalized populations, as occurs in cultivars. Our results suggest that the exchange of S alleles between cultivars and naturalized populations occurs and that S alleles in naturalized populations are highly diverse. The methodology established in our study should be applicable to other self-incompatible species to dissect the diversity of S allele distribution in naturalized populations.

著者

by Masao Watanabe edited by Biogeographical Society of Japan

出版者

Biogeographical Society of Japan

巻号頁・発行日

1960

著者

Shinnosuke Mori Shuichi Shimma Hiromi Masuko-Suzuki Masao Watanabe Tetsu Nakanishi Junko Tsukioka Katsumi Goto Hiroshi Fukui Nobuhiro Hirai

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.3, pp.355-366, 2021-09-25 (Released:2021-09-25)

参考文献数

65

被引用文献数

3

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We observed trees of the Japanese apricot, Prunus mume ‘Nanko’ (Rosaceae), bearing two types of flowers: 34% had blue fluorescent pollen under UV irradiation, and 66% had non-fluorescent pollen. The fluorescent pollen grains were abnormally crushed, sterile, and devoid of intine and pollenkitt. The development of microspores within anthers was investigated: in the abnormally developed anthers, tapetal cells were vacuolated at the unicellular microspore stage, and fluorescent pollen was produced. Compounds responsible for the blue fluorescence of pollen were identified as chlorogenic acid and 1-O-feruloyl-β-D-glucose. The anthers with fluorescent pollen contained 6.7-fold higher and 3.8-fold lower amounts of chlorogenic acid and N1,N5,N10-tri-p-coumaroylspermidine, respectively, compared to those with non-fluorescent pollen. The tapetal vacuolization, highly accumulated chlorogenic acid, and deficiency of N1,N5,N10-tri-p-coumaroylspermidine imply that low-temperature stress during the early unicellular microspore stage caused a failure in microsporogenesis. Furthermore, potential effects of the visual difference on the bee behavior were also discussed through the colorimetry. The sterility, likely induced by low-temperature stress, and the preference of honeybees for fluorescence may reduce the pollination efficiency of P. mume.

著者

Endang Ayu Windari Mei Ando Yohei Mizoguchi Hiroto Shimada Keima Ohira Yasuaki Kagaya Tetsuya Higashiyama Seiji Takayama Masao Watanabe Keita Suwabe

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.1, pp.77-87, 2021-03-25 (Released:2021-03-25)

参考文献数

63

被引用文献数

14

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Pollination is the crucial initial step that brings together the male and female gametophytes, and occurs at the surface of the stigmatic papilla cell in Arabidopsis thaliana. After pollen recognition, pollen hydration is initiated as a second critical step to activate desiccated mature pollen grains for germination, and thus water transport from pistil to pollen is essential for this process. In this study, we report a novel aquaporin-mediated water transport process in the papilla cell as a control mechanism for pollen hydration. Coupled with a time-series imaging analysis of pollination and a reverse genetic analysis using T-DNA insertion Arabidopsis mutants, we found that two aquaporins, the ER-bound SIP1;1 and the plasma membrane-bound PIP1;2, are key players in water transport from papilla cell to pollen during pollination. In wild type plant, hydration speed reached its maximal value within 5 min after pollination, remained high until 10–15 min. In contrast, sip1;1 and pip1;2 mutants showed no rapid increase of hydration speed, but instead a moderate increase during ∼25 min after pollination. Pollen of sip1;1 and pip1;2 mutants had normal viability without any functional defects for pollination, indicating that decelerated pollen hydration is due to a functional defect on the female side in sip1;1 and pip1;2 mutants. In addition, sip1;1 pip1;2 double knockout mutant showed a similar impairment of pollen hydration to individual single mutants, suggesting that their coordinated regulation is critical for proper water transport, in terms of speed and amount, in the pistil to accomplish successful pollen hydration.

著者

Masao WATANABE Takahiro SHIMIZU Ryo TAKAGI

出版者

The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers

雑誌

The Proceedings of International Symposium on Seed-up and Service Technology for Railway and Maglev Systems : STECH (ISSN:24243167)

巻号頁・発行日

pp._3D23-1_-_3D23-8_, 2015-11-09 (Released:2017-06-19)

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Urban railway lines, upon which large conurbations crucially depend, suffer from chronic congestion and prolonged travel times during peak hours, and improvement of capacity and reduction in travel times are desperately needed. Also, competition with other modes of transport is ever intensifying. These necessitate the realization of a very high performance railway, called in this paper as "ultra-convenient rail transport" (UCRT), which can provide services that much better fit individual passengers' needs. Because needs of the passengers are very diverse, so should the services provided by UCRT. This naturally leads to the conclusion that ultra-high frequency operation is essential for UCRT. In this paper, the authors present the discussions on possible new technologies that can be used to realize UCRT, and the impact they may have on the attractiveness of the services provided by the new railway system. The techniques upon which the authors would discuss in this paper are: (1) moving block signalling systems, (2) on-board turnouts and (3) soft coupling. In the discussion, the pure moving block system (PMB) which stands inside the so-called 'brick wall' assumption and the relative moving block system (RMB) that breaks the 'brick wall' assumption are compared, and significant improvements in performance may be achieved when RMB is combined with on-board turnouts. These techniques contribute to further reduction of headways between trains, and thus contribute to the realization of UCRT.