著者

干場 恵美子 稲垣 照美 木村 尚美 阿部 宣男 宮内 一美

出版者

The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 C編 (ISSN:03875024)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.714, pp.409-417, 2006

被引用文献数

1

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The fantastic light of firefly, which keeps fascinating the heart of Japanese from ancient time, and the ecosystem are taken up as one of cure fields being benefit from the nature. In this study, from a viewpoint of Kansei engineering, we focused on the hue of light emission pattern of firefly, and we examined whether it causes the human spirit any effects or not by using various statistical analysis and Kansei analysis. It was revealed that there is a high possibility that the sufficient cure effect exists in the hue of light emission pattern of firefly and the ecosystem. This research is the first basic trial turned to the creation of cure spaces for hospice and welfare facility, which utilize the firefly and the mini ecosystem artificially modeled in an enclosure.

著者

Michihiko FUKUNAGA

出版者

The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers

雑誌

Journal of Biomechanical Science and Engineering (ISSN:18809863)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.3, pp.23-00103, 2023 (Released:2023-07-25)

参考文献数

9

---

Tremolo is a technique to produce the same note continuously in short spans, and is an important technique for musical performance on a mandolin. However, it is not easy for beginners to master this technique, nor is it easy for even expert players to perform a wide range of expressions. There is no unified view on the proper behavior of tremolo playing, and there are no examples of measured tremolo behavior. In this study, we measured the hand movements during tremolo playing on a mandolin. One test subject was included in this study. An inertial sensor was attached to the back of the hand, and the movement was evaluated by the angles which were the time integrated angular velocity on each axis. Tremolo playing is a combination of elbow and wrist motion. We examined how those motions were used for playing strong/weak tones or fast/slow tremolos. The results showed that there was a clear difference in motion between tremolo using the wrist and tremolo using the elbow. The results also suggested that the combination of each joint motion was changed when adjusting the volume and tremolo speed. It indicated that the measurement of hand movements by inertial sensors could be used to evaluate tremolo playing. Our future plan includes a more detailed analysis of the relationship between musical expression and tremolo movement, and an examination of how movement changes with practice.

著者

Michio MURAKOSHI Hiroshi WADA

出版者

The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers

雑誌

Journal of Biomechanical Science and Engineering (ISSN:18809863)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.3, pp.21-00125, 2021 (Released:2021-09-15)

参考文献数

38

---

The high sensitivity of mammalian hearing is achieved by cochlear amplification. The basis of this amplification is the motility of outer hair cells (OHCs), which are sensory cells in the inner ear. This motility may be due to voltage-dependent conformational changes of the motor protein prestin, which is densely embedded in the lateral membrane of OHCs. However, the membrane structure of prestin has not yet been elucidated. Therefore, the membrane structure of prestin was herein investigated by force spectroscopy using an atomic force microscope (AFM). The gene of prestin fused with an Avi-tag at its C terminus was transfected into Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and the inside-out plasma membrane was isolated. The Avi-tag was enzymatically biotinylated and attached to a streptavidin-coated AFM cantilever via biotin-streptavidin binding. Prestin was then pulled out from the plasma membrane and the relationship between the force applied to the protein and the extension distance, i.e., the force-extension (FE) curve, was assessed. The curves obtained showed saw-toothed patterns. An attempt was then made to analyze these curves using the worm-like chain model. The force caused by stretching of the intracellular C terminus and that due to the extraction of one or several transmembrane domains were identified. The present results imply that the C terminus and the subsequent transmembrane domains of prestin correspond to those of the previously reported model with 12 transmembrane domains.

著者

Ayane KUSAFUKA Naoki TSUKAMOTO Kohei MIYATA Kazutoshi KUDO

出版者

The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers

雑誌

Mechanical Engineering Journal (ISSN:21879745)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.23-00220, (Released:2023-11-15)

参考文献数

22

---

In human motion capture systems, reflective markers attached to the body have been widely used to track motion using optical cameras. However, when the speed of motion increases, because the brightness and angle of view of the camera are limited, and the markers often fall off, particularly of detailed body parts such as fingers in full-body movements, other parts of the body (palms) have been investigated. This study attempted to acquire finger movements during a high-speed throwing task without attaching markers using automatic image recognition technology based on deep learning (DeepLabCut) and verified its accuracy compared to conventional methods. As a result, the absolute distance between the 3D coordinates obtained from the two motion capture systems was an average of 15.5 to 29.4 mm depending on tracked points, and the correlation coefficients between them ranged from 0.932 to 0.999. Therefore, the shapes of the time-series profiles of the 3D coordinates obtained from the two motion- capture systems were similar. These results suggest that motion measurement using markerless motion capture is possible in environments where conventional motion capture systems are difficult to use.

著者

Jun YOSHIDA Eito MATSUO Yasuyuki TAKATA Masanori MONDE

出版者

The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers

雑誌

Mechanical Engineering Journal (ISSN:21879745)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.3, pp.18-00388, 2019 (Released:2019-06-15)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

4

---

This paper introduces a new hydrogen refueling system with a micro-scale hydrogen turbo-expander that enables us to replace a conventional low temperature refrigerator. From the process simulation of hydrogen refueling to the tank of a typical Fuel Cell Vehicle (FCV), the system is thermodynamically verified to be capable of refueling 5 kg-H2 within 3 minutes by the direct expansion in the micro-scale hydrogen turbo-expander. For the realization of this new concept, a process design approach of a high pressure hydrogen refueling system with the micro-scale hydrogen turbo-expander is described. In this process design, a turbine-compressor type is adopted to the micro-scale hydrogen turbo-expander unit, and an extracted power from the turbine side is consumed as a compressor power which is equipped on the opposite side of the turbine rotor. As a consequence of the thermodynamic analysis and simulation for the proposed system including the turbo-expander with adiabatic efficiency around65 %, it reveals that the new system provides some significant advantages compared with the conventional process. From a feasible investigation of this system, several advantageous features such as 1) high energy conservation, 2) compactness, 3) initial cost and operation cost, and, 4) system expandability (modification for shorter time refueling) are also described when it is compared with the existing system.

著者

Yoshihiro SEJIMA Tomio WATANABE Mitsuru JINDAI

出版者

The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers

雑誌

Journal of Advanced Mechanical Design, Systems, and Manufacturing (ISSN:18813054)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.9, pp.JAMDSM0103, 2016 (Released:2016-11-09)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

2

---

In human interaction and communication, not only verbal messages but also nonverbal behavior such as nodding and paralanguage are rhythmically related and mutually synchronized among speakers. This synchrony of embodied rhythms unconsciously enhances a sense of unification and causes an interaction-activated communication in which nonverbal behaviors such as body movements and speech activity increase, and the embodied interaction is activated. In this paper, we propose the concept of an estimation model of interaction-activated communication based on the heat conduction equation with the characteristics of precipitous speed fluctuation and develop a model that estimates the degree of interaction-activated communication by using speech input only. Further, we evaluate the developed model in estimating the period of the interaction-activated communication in an avatar-mediated communication. The results demonstrate that the developed model is effective in estimating the interaction-activated communication.

著者

Yoshinobu INADA Naoki TAMIYA Maako MIYAKE Tadamichi MORISAKA Mai SAKAI Ikuo WAKABAYASHI Masahiko KASAMATSU Yasuhiro UEKUSA

出版者

The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers

雑誌

Journal of Biomechanical Science and Engineering (ISSN:18809863)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.3, pp.16-00700, 2017 (Released:2017-07-21)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

1

---

The finless porpoise has characteristic tubercles on its dorsal ridge. These tubercles are supposed to have biological and mechanical functions. In the former, specific nerve endings and fibers exist in the tubercles indicating its function as a sensory organ. In the latter, tubercles provide fluid dynamic functions such as underwater drag reduction or inhibition of wave or spray drag while breathing at the sea surface. This research focuses on the latter function aiming at the application to the drag reduction in moving vehicles. Small projection models, or tubercle models were fabricated with resin and tested in the wind tunnel to investigate the effect on the lift and the drag characteristics of an airplane model with the tubercle models attached on the wing-fuselage connection. In consequence, it was shown that the tubercles effectively delayed the wing stall at high angles of attack without largely degrading the wing performance. The oil flow experiments also clarified that this delay of wing stall was caused by the inhibition of flow separation on the wing surface. The tubercles then had a positive influence on the flow around the wing or fuselage effectively inhibiting the flow separation and thus may be a useful device to reduce drag, noise, or vibration of moving vehicles.

著者

Jeonghyun KIM Hiroyuki KIGAMI Taiji ADACHI

出版者

The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers

雑誌

Journal of Biomechanical Science and Engineering (ISSN:18809863)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.3, pp.20-00227, 2020 (Released:2020-07-24)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

6

---

Osteocyte plays a central role as a commander in the bone to modulate bone remodeling processes. While the osteocyte is known to be differentiated from osteoblasts, understanding in mechanism of the osteocyte differentiation remained still poor. The aim of this study is to elucidate the osteocyte differentiation capability using three-dimensional (3D) cell culture technique. We first fabricated a self-organized spheroid reconstructed by mouse osteoblast-like cells by adjusting the number of subcultured cells in the round-bottom well. Compared to a conventional two-dimensional (2D) monolayer model, the 3D spheroid exerted greater osteocyte gene expressions in vitro within 2 days. As a result of the size-dependent experiment, there might be an appropriate cell-cell and cell-ECM interaction for osteoblast-like cells to induce the osteocytogenesis in the form of 3D spheroid culture. Moreover, the present model showed that the spheroid further exerted the prolonged osteocyte differentiation capability after a long period of incubation, 7 days. In conclusion, we characterized the self-organized osteocytic spheroids reconstructed by osteoblast-like cells and further suggested the potential application of the spheroid as a new in vitro tissue-engineered osteocytic model.

著者

Hyunho SHIN Hun-Joo LEE Yo-Han YOO Woong LEE

出版者

The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers

雑誌

JSME International Journal Series A Solid Mechanics and Material Engineering (ISSN:13447912)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.1, pp.35-41, 2004 (Released:2004-07-15)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

4 10

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A determination procedure for element elimination criterion in finite element simulation of high-strain-rate impact and penetration phenomena, occurring between tungsten heavy alloy long-rod penetrators and steel targets, has been presented with some demonstrations for the validity of the established criterion. The element elimination criterion for the two types of materials have been determined by comparing the simulated depth of penetration (DOP) and deformed shape of the penetrator with previously available experimental results. Although the criterion affects the simulated DOP significantly at the studied impact velocity of 1500m/s, once established, they are shown to be valid in predicting the DOP in the impact velocity range between 1100 and 1750m/s. The events of partial penetration with severe material deformation such as critical ricochet angle and ricochet phenomenology have also been successfully predicted using the established criterion in the similar impact velocity range. Thus it is suggested that the determination procedure for the suitable element erosion criterion is prerequisite in simulating high-strain-rate impact/penetration phenomena and the criterion established by the procedure is useful in fairly broad range of the velocity and for other similar high-strain-rate events.

著者

Masakazu IGUCHI

出版者

The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers

雑誌

JSME international journal. Ser. 3, Vibration, control engineering, engineering for industry (ISSN:09148825)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.1, pp.1-7, 1988-03-15 (Released:2008-02-18)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

1 1

---

The application of an active control, such as four-wheel steering and active suspension, to cars has changed not only the vehicle dynamics design but also the dynamic characteristics of cars. Active four-wheel steering reduces the sideslip angles of the wheels, thus the unnecessary yawing motion of cars decreases and the time lag in the dynamic response to handling also decreases. An active roll control of the car body makes use of type properties to the best advantage. The four-wheel steering and active suspension upgrade the dynamic performance of cars, and expand the limit performance of dynamics. An adaptive control, integrated control and intelligent control will be introduced to cars, completely changing vehicle dynamics of cars in the near future.

著者

Toru MIYAIRI Jo SAKASHITA Takeshi SHIRASAKA Hisato SHIMOMURA Takeshi TOI

出版者

The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers

雑誌

Journal of Advanced Mechanical Design, Systems, and Manufacturing (ISSN:18813054)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.5, pp.JAMDSM0053, 2022 (Released:2022-10-31)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

1

---

During push switch operation, tactile feedback is crucial in determining whether the operation will be successful. However, to enhance the tactile feedback and ensure usability, the actuation force should not increase. Herein, a method to improve tactile feedback during switch operation by designing the operating sound is proposed. In the first experiment, to investigate the acoustic characteristics of high feedback operating sound, participants evaluated recorded commercial push switch operating sounds through headphones using the semantic differential method. Results showed that the operating sound with a short decay time and high loudness value in the high-frequency band exhibited a highly intelligible impression. Furthermore, the push switch operation exhibited two sounds (push and release), whose contribution to the impression was determined based on their loudness. In the second experiment, participants evaluated their impressions when operating push switches, which comprised various combinations of operating sound volume and actuation force. Results showed that highly intelligible sound improved the tactile feedback. Moreover, it was found that considering the balance between the operating sound volume and actuation force is necessary to improve the switch operation feedback through the operating sound. These findings can aid in enhancing the feedback of devices that require switches with low actuation force due to design constraints.

著者

栗塚 又郎

出版者

The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers

雑誌

機械學會誌 (ISSN:24331546)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.3, pp.23-25, 1900-01-15 (Released:2017-08-01)

著者

Yoshitaka NAKANISHI Shou HOSOKAWA Yuta NAKASHIMA

出版者

The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers

雑誌

Journal of Biomechanical Science and Engineering (ISSN:18809863)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.20-00531, (Released:2021-07-30)

参考文献数

30

---

Various effects have been observed when a slimy fluid is held in palmar skin. The observed effects include friction control of the skin and cleansing and moisturizing of the skin. However, few reports exist regarding the changes in the emotional state of persons when a slimy fluid is held in their palmar skin, even though the viscosity properties of the fluid affect emotional changes. Thus, this study investigates the emotional changes due to holding slimy fluid in the palmar skin by evaluating heart rate variability (HRV) and sensibility. Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, with viscosities ranging from 0.01 to 100 Pa·s, were prepared. Eight male subjects in their 20s soaked their palms in the slimy fluid without seeing it. At the room temperature of 25 °C, the subjects moved their palms freely for 1 min. They were allowed to rub their palms together. During the experiments, the HRV was recorded. A frequency analysis was performed for estimating autonomic nerve activity. After holding the fluid, the subjects were asked to provide feedback through the semantic differential method. Significant changes in autonomic nerve activations were observed when the subjects soaked their palms in the slimy fluid. The high viscosity Newtonian fluid reduced the parasympathetic nervous system activity. These changes in the psychophysiological indexes influenced the feelings of the subjects ascertained according to the semantic differential method. A relationship between the characteristic of the slimy fluid and a psychophysiological index can improve the efficiency when developing products exposed to human skin.

著者

Masaharu KOMORI Kippei MATSUDA Tatsuro TERAKAWA Fumi TAKEOKA Hideaki NISHIHARA Hiroo OHASHI

出版者

The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers

雑誌

Journal of Advanced Mechanical Design, Systems, and Manufacturing (ISSN:18813054)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.6, pp.JAMDSM0086, 2016 (Released:2016-10-24)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

6 26

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A transportation vehicle or mobile robot that can move to a target location in an arbitrary direction on the floor is important to ensure that work can proceed quickly and effectively in a limited space. To move in an arbitrary direction, conventional methods such as omni wheels have free rollers along the outer circumference of the wheel that can rotate passively. However, the conventional methods are difficult to control precisely because of the rotational resistance of the free rollers. In addition, the direction that the conventional methods can move actively by themselves is limited. This paper proposes a novel mechanism called the active omni wheel, which is able to actively move in an arbitrary direction by using only one wheel unit. The active omni wheel is composed of a main body and outer rollers arranged around the outer circumference of the wheel. By using a differential gear mechanism, the active omni wheel enables active rotation of not only the main body of the wheel but also the outer rollers. The theoretical equation of motion of the active omni wheel is clarified to control the wheel. An omnidirectional vehicle using the active omni wheel is discussed. The appropriate arrangement of wheels that enables the omnidirectional vehicle to move actively in arbitrary directions by using the active omni wheel is shown and the motion theory is constructed. This paper also discusses the structure appropriate for the vehicle using the active omni wheel, including the arrangement of input shafts, the structure supporting the wheels, the main body of the vehicle, and its suspension. The active omni wheel and omnidirectional vehicle were designed and manufactured. Experiments conducted on the manufactured vehicle verify the effectiveness of the active omni wheel and the omnidirectional vehicle.

著者

山田 敏郎 可児 弘毅 生田 耕治

出版者

The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 B編 (ISSN:03875016)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.415, pp.450-460, 1981

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衝撃超高圧力研究用に超高速飛しょう体発射装置(二段式軽ガス銃)が試作され, その性能の数値解析が試みられた. 試作装置により16.4gの飛しょう体が3.57km/sまで加速・発射された. 発射実験結果と性能解析の予想値との良い一致により, 解析法の妥当性が確かめられた. 性能解析により, 試作装置は9.5gの飛しょう体が5km/sまで加速できることおよび発射速度支配因子のうち, 特に装薬量と飛しょう体質量の影響が大であることなどが明らかにされた.

著者

橋本 良夫 斉藤 敏克

出版者

The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 C編 (ISSN:03875024)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.687, pp.3029-3033, 2003

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A method is proposed to analyze dynamic response of a rocket-launcher system at lift-off. In this paper, rocket-launcher system is modeled as finite element Bernoulli-Euler beams connected with two slippers which are modeled as linear springs. A beam element with a moving spring is devised to represent the rocket-launcher interaction. Coupled equations of motion with time-varying coefficients are derived and solved by using direct method such as the Wilson θ method to calculate the dynamic response of the system. To verify the validity of this method, dynamic response is calculated by using the data of M-3S rocket-launcher system. Two rocket models, rigid-body and elastic-body models, are used in this calculation. The numerical results obtained from two models are compared and discussed.

著者

Michio Yamawaki Yuji Arita Takayuki Terai Tadafumi Koyama Koichi Uozumi Yuma Sekiguchi Masami Taira

出版者

The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers

雑誌

Proceedings of the ... International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. Book of abstracts : ICONE (ISSN:24242934)

巻号頁・発行日

pp._ICONE23-1, 2015-05-17 (Released:2017-06-19)

被引用文献数

1 1

---

Source term for severe accident analysis of molten salt reactors(MSRs) has been investigated as part of preliminary efforts to develop MSRs. As a severe accident of MSRs, exposure of heated fluoride fuel molten salt to atmosphere was assumed to take place. Vaporization of fluoride molten salt was studied by means of the two methods, the Knudsen effusion mass spectrometry as well as the transpiration method. The former was applied to pseudo-binary fluoride systems to clarify the behaviors of cesium and iodine in the fluoride molten salt. The latter was applied to the mixture of CsI and FLiNaK. These experiments were carried out as the first step of the source term studies, so that interaction with air components has not been covered yet. From this study, useful information related to the source term for MSRs have been obtained. This work suggests how to solve the problem to establish the source term for severe accident analysis of MSRs.

著者

Shin-etsu SUGAWARA

出版者

The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers

雑誌

Mechanical Engineering Journal (ISSN:21879745)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.23-00375, (Released:2023-12-07)

参考文献数

53

---

The recent trend of nuclear reactor miniaturization may require reconsideration of the existing framework of safety. This study conceptually explores the safety goals for transportable microreactors (TMRs) by focusing on the differences between large light-water reactors (LLWRs), which contain large amounts of hazardous fission products and TMRs. For LLWRs, the safety goals and surrogate goals representing the integrity of the reactor have played a significant role in reducing the negative health effects of radiation exposure in cases of nuclear disasters. Practitioners, notably the operator, have typically been classified as the main users of these goals. However, the innovative feature of TMRs will lead to the reconsideration of the contents and users of safety goals. The size of the radiological consequences of TMR accidents may highlight the need to capture broader consequences other than direct health effects when formulating the top-level goals. Correspondingly, additional surrogates for representing the interplay between the reactor and surrounding areas may be required. Effectively meeting these new goals only by the efforts of licensees may be a challenge; this indicates a need for the local actors wherein the TMRs are deployed to become the extended users of safety goals. Conceptualizing such new framework of microreactor safety goals as “extended safety goals” as an extension of conventional safety goals for LLWRs, the author discusses their implications and challenges.

著者

Shoko OIKAWA Hiromichi NAKADATE Yuelin ZHANG Takahiro UENO Shigeru AOMURA Yasuhiro MATSUI

出版者

The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers

雑誌

Journal of Biomechanical Science and Engineering (ISSN:18809863)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.4, pp.17-00175, 2017 (Released:2017-09-15)

参考文献数

49

被引用文献数

1

---

Severe head injuries can occur in cyclists involved in traffic accidents. In Japan, head injuries accounted for 62% of cyclist fatalities in 2015 (ITARDA, 2016). The purpose of this study is to estimate head injuries for cyclists and quantify the effectiveness of a bicycle helmet by performing finite element (FE) simulations of head impacts against roads. Impacts with and without a helmet over a range of relative head velocities and head impact angles were simulated. A number of possible head injuries were assessed; skull fracture by skull strain, traumatic intracerebral hematoma (ICH) by brain pressure, brain contusion by brain negative-pressure and von Mises stress, and moderate and severe diffuse axonal injuries (DAIs) by von Mises stress. Results showed that without a helmet, the peak values of all metrics exceeded the 50% probability point for head injury in all impacts. The 50% probability points of moderate and severe DAIs were exceeded under impacts of 8.22 m/s at 26.5 degrees and 10.33 m/s at 15.0 degrees for moderate DAI, and 10.33 m/s at 15.0 degrees for severe DAI, without a helmet. All the peak values were reduced when a bicycle helmet was worn, and the largest reduction was found in the skull strain. These results predict that the risks of head injuries due to road impacts may be considerably decreased by helmet use.

著者

Juncheng LI

出版者

The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers

雑誌

Journal of Advanced Mechanical Design, Systems, and Manufacturing (ISSN:18813054)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.1, pp.JAMDSM0029, 2018 (Released:2018-03-22)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

3 5

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Since the two free parameters have significant effect on the shape of the T-Bézier curve, a natural idea arises to find the optimal values of the two free parameters for obtaining the fairest curves. In this paper, we use approximate curvature variation minimization to obtain the optimal values of the two free parameters. By minimizing an appropriate approximate function, the unique solution can be easily obtained. We outline some examples to illustrate the effectiveness of this method.