著者

Mari Matsumoto Manabu Sakaguchi Shuhei Okazaki Kazuo Hashikawa Tsutomu Takahashi Masayasu Matsumoto Toshiho Ohtsuki Takeshi Shimazu Toshiki Yoshimine Hideki Mochizuki Kazuo Kitagawa

出版者

日本循環器学会

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-16-0707, (Released:2017-01-31)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

1 7

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Background:In Japan, warfarin treatment at prothrombin time-international normalized ratio (PT-INR) of 1.60–2.60 is recommended for elderly patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). But it remains unknown whether PT-INR 1.60–1.99 has a similar effect on stroke severity as a value >2.0. The purpose of this study was to clarify the association between infarct volume and PT-INR levels.Methods and Results:The 180 patients (mean age, 76 years [SD, 10 years], 53% male) selected from 429 consecutive ischemic stroke patients admitted within 48 h of onset between 2004 and 2014 with NVAF were included. We classified them into 4 groups according to their PT-INR values on admission: no warfarin (NW), 129 patients; PT-INR <1.60 (poor control: PC), 29 patients; PT-INR 1.60–1.99 (low-intensity control: LC), 14 patients; and PT-INR ≥2.00 (high-intensity control: HC), 8 patients. Median (interquartile range: IQR) of infarct volume was 55 mL (IQR 14–175) in the NW, 42 mL (IQR 27–170) in the PC, 36 mL (IQR 6–130) in the LC, and 11 mL (IQR 0–39) in the HC groups. The infarct volume of the HC group was significantly smaller than in the other 3 groups, but no difference existed between the LC and PC groups or the LC and NW groups.Conclusions:Warfarin control at PT-INR of 1.60–1.99 is not effective for reducing the severity of ischemic stroke in NVAF patients.

著者

Shinsuke Koike Akiko Uematsu Daiki Sasabayashi Norihide Maikusa Tsutomu Takahashi Kazutaka Ohi Shinichiro Nakajima Yoshihiro Noda Yoji Hirano

出版者

Japanese Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine

雑誌

Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences (ISSN:13473182)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.rev.2021-0050, (Released:2021-08-19)

参考文献数

145

被引用文献数

5

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Schizophrenia is a common severe psychiatric disorder that affects approximately 1% of general population through the life course. Historically, in Kraepelin’s time, schizophrenia was a disease unit conceptualized as dementia praecox; however, since then, the disease concept has changed. Recent MRI studies had shown that the neuropathology of the brain in this disorder was characterized by mild progression before and after the onset of the disease, and that the brain alterations were relatively smaller than assumed. Although genetic factors contribute to the brain alterations in schizophrenia, which are thought to be trait differences, other changes include factors that are common in psychiatric diseases. Furthermore, it has been shown that the brain differences specific to schizophrenia were relatively small compared to other changes, such as those caused by brain development, aging, and gender. In addition, compared to the disease and participant factors, machine and imaging protocol differences could affect MRI signals, which should be addressed in multi-site studies. Recent advances in MRI modalities, such as multi-shell diffusion-weighted imaging, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and multimodal brain imaging analysis, may be candidates to sharpen the characterization of schizophrenia-specific factors and provide new insights. The Brain/MINDS Beyond Human Brain MRI (BMB-HBM) project has been launched considering the differences and noises irrespective of the disease pathologies and includes the future perspectives of MRI studies for various psychiatric and neurological disorders. The sites use restricted MRI machines and harmonized multi-modal protocols, standardized image preprocessing, and traveling subject harmonization. Data sharing to the public will be planned in FY 2024. In the future, we believe that combining a high-quality human MRI dataset with genetic data, randomized controlled trials, and MRI for non-human primates and animal models will enable us to understand schizophrenia, elucidate its neural bases and therapeutic targets, and provide tools for clinical application at bedside.

著者

Yo Shinoda Yuta Yamada Eiko Yoshida Tsutomu Takahashi Yayoi Tsuneoka Komyo Eto Toshiyuki Kaji Yasuyuki Fujiwara

出版者

The Japanese Society of Toxicology

雑誌

The Journal of Toxicological Sciences (ISSN:03881350)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.6, pp.303-309, 2021 (Released:2021-06-01)

参考文献数

52

被引用文献数

1

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Methylmercury (MeHg), the causal substrate in Minamata disease, can lead to severe and chronic neurological disorders. The main symptom of Minamata disease is sensory impairment in the four extremities; however, the sensitivity of individual sensory modalities to MeHg has not been investigated extensively. In the present study, we performed stimulus-response behavioral experiments in MeHg-exposed rats to compare the sensitivities to pain, heat, cold, and mechanical sensations. MeHg (6.7 mg/kg/day) was orally administered to 9-week-old Wistar rats for 5 days and discontinued for 2 days, then administered daily for another 5 days. The four behavioral experiments were performed daily on each rat from the beginning of MeHg treatment for 68 days. The pain sensation decreased significantly from day 11 onwards, but recovered to control levels on day 48. Other sensory modalities were not affected by MeHg exposure. These findings suggest that the pain sensation is the sensory modality most susceptive to MeHg toxicity and that this sensitivity is reversible following discontinuation of the exposure.

著者

Anna Iwahori Masamitsu Maekawa Aya Narita Akie Kato Toshihiro Sato Jiro Ogura Yu Sato Masafumi Kikuchi Atsuko Noguchi Katsumi Higaki Torayuki Okuyama Tsutomu Takahashi Yoshikatsu Eto Nariyasu Mano

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.b20-00400, (Released:2020-06-25)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

10

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Early diagnosis of Niemann-Pick diseases (NPDs) is important for better prognosis of such diseases. N-Palmitoyl-O-phosphocholine-serine (PPCS) is a new NPD biomarker possessing high sensitivity, and with its combination with sphingosylphosphocholine (SPC) it may be possible to distinguish NPD-C from NPD-A/B. In this study, a rapid liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method (method 1) and a validated LC/MS/MS analysis (method 2) of PPCS and SPC were developed, and we have proposed a diagnostic screening strategy for NPDs using a combination of serum PPCS and SPC concentrations.Nexera and API 5000 were used as LC/MS/MS systems. C18 columns with lengths of 10 mm and 50 mm were used for method 1 and 2, respectively. 2H3-labeled PPCS (PPCS-2H3_ and nor-SPC were used as internal standards. Selective reaction monitoring in positive-ion mode was used for MS/MS. Run times of 1.2 min and 8 min were set for methods 1 and 2, respectively.In both methods 1 and 2, two analytes showed high linearity in the range of 1–4000 ng/mL. Method 2 provided high accuracy and precision in method validation. Serum concentrations of both analytes were significantly higher in NPD-C patients than those of healthy subjects in both methods. Serum PPCS correlated between methods 1 and 2; however, it was different in the case of SPC. The serum PPCS/SPC ratio was different in healthy subjects, NPD-C, and NPD-A/B. These results suggest that using a combination of the two LC/MS/MS analytical methods for PPCS and SPC is useful for diagnostic screening of NPDs.

著者

Manatomo Toyono Daichi Takagi Jun Oyamada Shunsuke Shimada Mieko Aoki-Okazaki Tsutomu Takahashi

出版者

日本循環器学会

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-13-0128, (Released:2013-05-18)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

4