著者

Mari Matsumoto Manabu Sakaguchi Shuhei Okazaki Kazuo Hashikawa Tsutomu Takahashi Masayasu Matsumoto Toshiho Ohtsuki Takeshi Shimazu Toshiki Yoshimine Hideki Mochizuki Kazuo Kitagawa

出版者

日本循環器学会

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-16-0707, (Released:2017-01-31)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

1 7

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Background:In Japan, warfarin treatment at prothrombin time-international normalized ratio (PT-INR) of 1.60–2.60 is recommended for elderly patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). But it remains unknown whether PT-INR 1.60–1.99 has a similar effect on stroke severity as a value >2.0. The purpose of this study was to clarify the association between infarct volume and PT-INR levels.Methods and Results:The 180 patients (mean age, 76 years [SD, 10 years], 53% male) selected from 429 consecutive ischemic stroke patients admitted within 48 h of onset between 2004 and 2014 with NVAF were included. We classified them into 4 groups according to their PT-INR values on admission: no warfarin (NW), 129 patients; PT-INR <1.60 (poor control: PC), 29 patients; PT-INR 1.60–1.99 (low-intensity control: LC), 14 patients; and PT-INR ≥2.00 (high-intensity control: HC), 8 patients. Median (interquartile range: IQR) of infarct volume was 55 mL (IQR 14–175) in the NW, 42 mL (IQR 27–170) in the PC, 36 mL (IQR 6–130) in the LC, and 11 mL (IQR 0–39) in the HC groups. The infarct volume of the HC group was significantly smaller than in the other 3 groups, but no difference existed between the LC and PC groups or the LC and NW groups.Conclusions:Warfarin control at PT-INR of 1.60–1.99 is not effective for reducing the severity of ischemic stroke in NVAF patients.

著者

Shigeru Saito Takaaki Isshiki Takeshi Kimura Hisao Ogawa Hiroyoshi Yokoi Shinsuke Nanto Morimasa Takayama Kazuo Kitagawa Masakatsu Nishikawa Shunichi Miyazaki Masato Nakamura

出版者

日本循環器学会

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.7, pp.1684-1692, 2014 (Released:2014-06-25)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

44 253

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Background: Prasugrel is an antiplatelet agent that shows more prompt, potent, and consistent platelet inhibition than clopidogrel. The objective of this study was to confirm the efficacy and safety of prasugrel at loading/maintenance doses of 20/3.75mg. Methods and Results: Japanese patients (n=1,363) with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention were randomized to either prasugrel (20/3.75mg) or clopidogrel (300/75mg), both in combination with aspirin (81–330mg for the first dose and 81–100mg/day thereafter), for 24–48 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint was the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) at 24 weeks, defined as a composite of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and nonfatal ischemic stroke. We compared the incidence of MACE between the 2 groups using point estimates. Safety outcomes included the incidence of bleeding events until 2 weeks after the last dose. The incidence of MACE at 24 weeks was 9.4% in the prasugrel group and 11.8% in the clopidogrel group (risk reduction 23%, hazard ratio 0.77, 95% confidence interval 0.56–1.07). The incidence of non-coronary artery bypass graft-related major bleeding was similar in both groups (1.9% vs. 2.2%). Conclusions: Prasugrel 20/3.75mg was associated with a low incidence of ischemic events, similar to the results of TRITON-TIMI 38, and with a low risk of clinically serious bleeding in Japanese ACS patients.  (Circ J 2014; 78: 1684–1692)

著者

Takafumi Mizuno Takao Hoshino Kentaro Ishizuka Sono Toi Shuntaro Takahashi Sho Wako Satoko Arai Kazuo Kitagawa

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.63849, (Released:2022-11-26)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

4

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Aims: We aimed to assess the prognostic impact of hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) on the recurrent vascular event risk in stroke patients with or without chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods: In this prospective observational study, 621 patients (mean age, 69.5 years; male, 62.2%) with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack were consecutively enrolled within 1 week of onset and followed-up for 1 year. HHcy was defined as elevated levels of fasting total homocysteine >15 µmol/L. CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate of <60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or a history of renal replacement therapy. The primary outcome was a composite of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), including nonfatal stroke, nonfatal acute coronary syndrome, major peripheral artery disease, and vascular death. Results: The prevalence of HHcy was 18.5%. Patients with HHcy were more likely to have intracranial (37.4% versus 24.8%; p=0.008) and extracranial (20.9% versus 13.0%; p=0.037) artery stenosis than were those without HHcy. At 1 year, patients with HHcy were at a greater risk of MACE than were those without HHcy (annual rate, 17.8% versus 10.4%; log-rank p=0.033). In the Cox proportional hazard regression models, HHcy was independently associated with an increased risk of MACE in patients with CKD (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 2.06; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02-4.20), whereas HHcy was not predictive of MACE in those without CKD (adjusted HR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.30-3.32). Conclusions: Elevated levels of serum homocysteine can be an important modifiable risk factor in stroke patients with CKD, but not in those without CKD.

著者

Shuntaro Takahashi Kentaro Ishizuka Takao Hoshino Takafumi Mizuno Ayako Nishimura Sono Toi Kazuo Kitagawa

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-21-0937, (Released:2022-04-19)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

5

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Background: This study aimed to identify the association between long term functional outcomes and acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in patients with heart failure (HF) in Japan and whether 1-year event risks can be related to these patients.Methods and Results: This was a prospective observational study, and 651 patients registered in the Tokyo Women’s Medical University Stroke Registry were classified into the HF and non-HF groups. Functional outcome at 1 year after stroke onset was defined as either good (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] score of 0–2) or poor (mRS score of 3–6). The primary outcome was a composite of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), including non-fatal stroke, non-fatal acute coronary syndrome, and vascular death. Patients with HF had a higher poor functional outcome rate at 1 year than those without HF (54.7% vs. 28.2%, P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis also demonstrated the prevalence of HF was an independent predictor of an mRS score of ≥3 at 1 year after stroke onset (odds ratio, 1.05; 95% confidence interval, 1.00–1.10; P=0.036). Furthermore, patients with HF tended to have a higher risk of MACE and all-cause mortality than those without HF.Conclusions: AIS patients with HF were associated with poor functional outcome at the 1-year follow up. Further multicenter studies involving a larger number of patients are warranted to verify these results.

著者

Takanari Kitazono Kazunori Toyoda Kazuo Kitagawa Takehiko Nagao Hiroshi Yamagami Shinichiro Uchiyama Norio Tanahashi Masayasu Matsumoto Kazuo Minematsu Izumi Nagata Masakatsu Nishikawa Shinsuke Nanto Yasuo Ikeda Toshiaki Shirai Kenji Abe Akira Ogawa PRASTRO-I Study Group

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.56093, (Released:2020-06-04)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

10

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Aims: The efficacy of antiplatelet therapy may vary among different disease subtypes. Prasugrel is generally a more potent, consistent, and fast-acting platelet inhibitor than clopidogrel. This sub-analysis of the phase III comparison of PRAsugrel and clopidogrel in Japanese patients with ischemic STROke (PRASTRO-I) trial aimed to assess the differences in efficacy of these treatments for each stroke subtype. Methods: In the PRASTRO-I trial, a total of 3,753 patients with ischemic stroke were recruited from 224 centers throughout Japan and randomized (1:1) to prasugrel (3.75 mg/day) or clopidogrel (75 mg/day) for 96 weeks. For the sub-analysis, strokes were classified as large-artery atherosclerosis, small-artery occlusion (lacunar), stroke of other etiology, and stroke of undetermined etiology. The cumulative incidence of primary events (ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, and death from other vascular cause) and hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated for each subgroup. Results: For patients with large-artery atherosclerosis, the primary event incidence was 3.8% in the prasugrel group and 4.8% in the clopidogrel group (HR 0.79; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.45–1.40). For patients with small-artery occlusion, the incidence was 3.3% in the prasugrel group and 3.9% in the clopidogrel group (HR 0.83; 95% CI 0.46–1.53). For patients with stroke of undetermined etiology, the incidence was 4.6% in the prasugrel group and 3.0% in the clopidogrel group (HR 1.56; 95% CI 0.90–2.72). The incidence of bleeding was similar across subtypes. Conclusions: Although statistical significance was not reached, the efficacy of prasugrel was potentially different between stroke subtypes, warranting further studies.

著者

Kazuo Kitagawa Naohisa Hosomi Yoji Nagai Tatsuo Kagimura Toshiho Ohtsuki Hirofumi Maruyama Hideki Origasa Kazuo Minematsu Shinichiro Uchiyama Masakazu Nakamura Masayasu Matsumoto for the J-STARS collaborators

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.5, pp.432-441, 2019-05-01 (Released:2019-05-01)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

17 24

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Aims: To investigate the relative contribution of on-treatment low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and C-reactive protein (CRP) to the risk of recurrent stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA) in patients with history of ischemic stroke.Methods: A total of 1095 patients with non-cardioembolic ischemic stroke were randomized into two groups: control and patients receiving 10 mg of pravastatin per day. After excluding 18 patients who did not have baseline CRP data, the effects of LDL cholesterol and CRP on recurrent stroke and TIA were prospectively assessed in 1077 patients.Results: During the follow-up of 4.9±1.4 years, there were 131 recurrent stroke or TIA cases. Patients with ontreatment LDL cholesterol <120 mg/dL showed 29% reduction in recurrent stroke and TIA than those with LDL cholesterol ≥ 120 mg/dL (event rate 2.20 vs. 3.11 per 100 person-years, hazard ratio [HR] 0.71, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.50–0.99, p=0.048). Patients with CRP <1 mg/L had 32% reduction compared with that of patients with CRP ≥ 1 mg/L (event rate 2.26 vs. 3.40 per 100 person-years; HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.48–0.96, p=0.031). Although LDL cholesterol and CRP levels were not correlated in individual patients, those who achieved both LDL cholesterol <120 mg/dL and CRP <1 mg/L showed 51% reduction compared with that of patients with LDL cholesterol ≥ 120 mg/dL and CRP ≥ 1 mg/L (event rate 2.02 vs. 4.19 per 100 person-years; HR 0.49, 95% CI 0.31–0.79).Conclusions: The control of both LDL cholesterol and CRP levels appears to be effective for preventing recurrent stroke and TIA in patients with non-cardiogenic ischemic stroke.

著者

Shinichiro Uchiyama Takao Hoshino Hugo Charles Kenji Kamiyama Taizen Nakase Kazuo Kitagawa Kazuo Minematsu Kenichi Todo Yasushi Okada Jyoji Nakagawara Ken Nagata Hiroshi Yamagami Takenori Yamaguchi Pierre Amarenco

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.58552, (Released:2020-09-17)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

4

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Aims: We have previously reported 5-year follow-up data on the TIAregistry.org, an international prospective cohort in patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA) or minor stroke. We conducted a Japanese subgroup analysis because outcomes and predictors might differ according to ethnicities and regions. In this study, we compared the baseline and 5-year follow-up data of Japanese and non-Japanese patients with TIA or minor stroke.Methods: Patients with TIA or minor ischemic stroke within 7 days after the onset were classified into two groups based on ethnicity, Japanese (n=345) and non-Japanese (n=3502); further, 5-year event rates were compared between the two groups. We also determined predictors of 5-year stroke for both groups. Results: Vascular death and death from any cause were identified to be less prevalent, unlike stroke and intracranial hemorrhage, which was determined to be more prevalent in Japanese than in non-Japanese patients. Five-year rate of stroke was significantly higher in Japanese patients. Cumulative stroke and major cardiovascular event rates did not decline but instead linearly increased from 1 to 5 years in both groups. Baseline risk factors for 5-year stroke were as follows: age, diabetes, history of stroke or TIA, and congestive heart failure in Japanese patients. Independent predictors of 5-year stroke were large artery atherosclerosis, congestive heart failure, diabetes, and age in Japanese patients. Conclusions: Recurrent stroke and intracranial hemorrhage were determined to be more prevalent at 5 years after TIA or minor stroke in Japanese patients than in non-Japanese patients. Strategies to mitigate the long-term risks of stroke, aside from adherence to current guidelines, should take Japanese-patient-specific residual risks into account.

著者

Koutaro Yokote Junya Ako Kazuo Kitagawa Hyoe Inomata Toshihiko Sugioka Keiko Asao Yasuhiko Shinmura Junichiro Shimauchi Tamio Teramoto

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Reports (ISSN:24340790)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, no.5, pp.219-227, 2019-05-10 (Released:2019-05-10)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

4

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Background:Evolocumab is the first monoclonal antibody against proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) approved in Japan for the treatment of patients with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) and hypercholesterolemia (HC). This study assessed the 12-week effectiveness and safety of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)-lowering therapy by PCSK9 inhibition in patients with FH (homozygous [HoFH] or heterozygous [HeFH]) and HC by analyzing evolocumab data collected in the real-world setting in Japan.Methods and Results:Overall, 427 patients (mean±SD age, 61.6±13.8 years; female, 38.4%; 28 HoFH, 320 HeFH, 79 HC), enrolled from 299 clinical sites, were included in the safety analysis set. The major cardiovascular risk factors were coronary artery disease (77.3%), diabetes mellitus/impaired glucose tolerance (38.6%), and hypertension (65.1%). Median follow-up duration was 85.0 days. After 12 weeks of evolocumab treatment, the mean±SD percent change from baseline in LDL-C was −45.5%±27.0% (n=23) in HoFH (P<0.001 vs. baseline; t-test), −54.2%±29.0% (n=280) in HeFH (P<0.001), and −64.6%±22.4% (n=72) in HC (P<0.001) patients. The incidence of adverse drug reactions was 5.4% (23/427).Conclusions:Results suggest that patients receiving evolocumab treatment in the real-world setting were predominantly those with FH and HC in the secondary prevention group. LDL-C-lowering effectiveness with evolocumab was observed in FH (both HoFH and HeFH) and HC patients.