著者

Qiaoyan Liu Xuelong Jin

出版者

Japan Brain Science society

雑誌

脳科学誌 (ISSN:13415301)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, pp.42-62, 2014-12-30 (Released:2017-06-01)

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Radiation therapy, the most commonly used for the treatment of brain tumors, has been shown to be of major significance in tumor control and survival rate of brain tumor patients. About 200,000 patients with brain tumor are treated with either partial large field or whole brain radiation every year in China. The use of radiation therapy for treatment of brain tumors, however, may lead to devastating functional deficits in brain several months to years after treatment. An initial brain pathology resulting from exposure to radiation appears to be the dysfunction or disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and edema formation, which resulted from loss of tight junction (TJ) proteins and BBB components pericytes and astrocyte end-feet. Both of these scenarios lead to apoptosis of endothelial and neural cells and neuroinflammation in and around capillaries, which may progress into a variety of neurological impairments. It's been found that Bone-marrow-derived EPCs (endothelial progenitor cells) play an integral role in the regulation and protection of the endothelium, as well as new vessel formation. It can incorporate into injured vessels and become mature endothelial cells during re-endothelialization and neovascularization processes, so the transplantation of EPCs into ischemic tissues provide a novel therapeutic option for radiation-induced brain injury. The efficacy of EPCs repairing disrupted BBB can be evaluated from the changes of expression of S100B, VEGF and EBA. MRI is a non-invasive method that can be used to track labeled transplanted cells,which can show the exact trace of EPCs in the region of brain injury. This review discusses the therapeutic potential of EPCs for vascular ischemic diseases associated with radiation-induced brain injury.

著者

Yandong Wang Yan Wu Xuelong Jin

出版者

Japan Brain Science society

雑誌

脳科学誌 (ISSN:13415301)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, pp.35-44, 2015-03-30 (Released:2017-06-01)

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China is a populous country, it is well known that there are many people who need treatment. The majority of patients are looking forward to big hospitals of urban to accept treatments. As the number of patients is increasing, the load of medical workers is more and more heavy. It is hard-won for medical workers to have a long holiday, because it will take a huge burden to colleagues. So to alleviate the mental stress has become a urgent affair instead of a long holiday. The Morita therapy is a kind of behavioral treatment which comes from Japan. It is valuable to consider whether this kind of treatment is useful for medical workers. We begin our research towards the direction of alleviating the mental stress of the hospital staff. As the core of the Morita therapy, it is important to understand the meaning of leting nature taking its course. It is impossible to alleviate the tension and reduce the incidence rate of obsessive compulsive disorder even if doing a lot of works. We advance our research based on this opinion. The fear in the obsessive concept is a difficulty in the Morita therapy. We want to provide a relaxing circumstance for patients to help them relax themselves. Thus we consider that it is impossible to help them relax by the use of music. Not all the music is available for one person. People have found that the treatment effect is related to the frequency of music. For example: some people hold the idea that listening to high frequency music does not have a good effect on people who are deeply mired in depression. However, letting them listen to the appropriate music has the effect of adjusting heart.

著者

Xuelong Jin Zhaoqiang Zhang Wenli Jing Jie Zhao

出版者

Japan Brain Science society

雑誌

脳科学誌 (ISSN:13415301)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, pp.5-16, 2013-09-30 (Released:2017-06-01)

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Objective: To study and evaluate a new internal capsule hemorrhage animal model. Methods: We established an internal capsule hemorrhage animal model using Horseley-Clarke technique. Internal capsule was orientated referring to Sawyer rabbit brain stereotaxic atlas. The model was duplicated by injecting 0.5 ml autologous arterial blood into hind limb of internal capsule. We used HE stain to observe the changes of brain tissues. Then somatosensory evoked potential, and intracranial pressure were measured. Results: Obvious hematoma was detected in brain tissues under light microscopes. The latency of N1 and P1 in somatosensory evoked potential prolonged and the peak-to-peak value of N2-P1 decreased. Meantime intracranial pressure increased. Conclusion: We established an internal capsule hemorrhage animal model successfully. Histopathologic changes of the brain tissues and abnormal somatosensory evoked potential were found. We observed an increase in intracrnial pressure. These can provide the reference for the study of intracerebral hemorrhage.

著者

Xuelong Jin Bin Liang Feifei Wang Zhiwen Zhang

出版者

Japan Brain Science society

雑誌

脳科学誌 (ISSN:13415301)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, pp.32-40, 2012-10-30 (Released:2017-06-01)

参考文献数

22

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Objective Those who suffer from brainstem hemorrhage complicated by stress ulcer hemorrhage have a high mortality. This research inquire the ideal surgical method to observe microcirculation of duodenal mucosal villi and the dynamic changes in the microcirculation of rabbit's duodenal mucosal villi under brainstem hemorrhage conditions with a red color coordinate, aiming at establishing a mechanism for testing the microcirculation of the digestive tract and providing a reference index for the prevention and treatment of brainstem hemorrhage complicated by gastrointestinal bleeding. Method In this experiment, thirty male Japanese white rabbits with long ears (1.5kg to 1.8kg) were anaesthetized by 25% Urethane in vein, and simple disinfected in the condition of animal laboratory. They were given a cranial fenestration operation for an acute brainstem hemorrhage animal model and an enterstomy on the abdominal wall was made. Microcirculation microscopic blood vessel telecamera and microcirculation TV video system were used to continuously detect the congestion of the duodenal mucosal villi under brainstem hemorrhage conditions. Computer and photoshop software were used to continuously analyze the changes with time of the red color coordinate of the same villus on the same point. Result The red color (pallor) of duodenal mucosa reduced, along with minimal morphological changes of duodenal mucosa after brainstem hemorrhage. Conclusions Under the condition of this experiment, this surgical method can establish the experimental animal model to observe microcirculation of duodenal mucosal villi, and reduction of the red color coordinate with time verified the pallor of duodenal mucosa after brainstem hemorrhage in a rabbit model and reflected the sharp changes of mucosa's blood stream which is the most important preventive factor to stress ulcer under acute brainstem hemorrhage conditions. And these would become the pathophysiological basis of upper digestive tract ulcer.

著者

Zequn Chen Xuelong Jin

出版者

Japan Brain Science society

雑誌

脳科学誌 (ISSN:13415301)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, pp.66-79, 2013-03-30 (Released:2017-06-01)

参考文献数

54

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Brain radiation therapy is an indispensable therapeutic modality for various primary and metastatic brain tumors and intracranial vascular malformation. With the development of stereotactic radiotherapy, the treatment effectiveness of radiotherapy is obvious; nevertheless, radiation-induced brain injury including both anatomic and functional deficits can not be ignored. Radiation-induced brain injury is a severe sequel after cranial radiation. It can result in a variety of acute, subacute, and delayed clinical syndromes of the brain. The primary changes of vascular endothelial cells, glial cell and neuron in radiation-induced brain injury were reviewed in this paper. In the CNS, single-dose radiation has been shown to result in apoptosis and a 15% loss of endothelial cells within 24 h. Vascular endothelial damage resulted in the change of blood brain barrier permeability. Gial cell damage was related to demyelination and cytokine and inflammatory mediator disorders. Irradiation induced typical apoptotic changes in neurons and affected hippocampal neurogenesis. Understanding the cellular changes may help to develop strategies to either increase the radiation tolerance or to treat CNS alterations induced by irradiation.

著者

Jie Zhao Xuelong Jin

出版者

Japan Brain Science society

雑誌

脳科学誌 (ISSN:13415301)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, pp.47-59, 2011 (Released:2017-06-01)

参考文献数

25

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Traditionally, we use CT and MRI to observe brain's structure, but there are many new ways to get the images of brain activity. Currently Smart MR imaging agent, Two- photon microscope, Neuro Trace, Fluorescent Protein, Photostable quantum dots, Connexin 29, NUTMEG and Statistical parametric mapping (SPM), The Short-Term Maxi- mum Lyapunov Exponent (STLmax) Topographic Brain Activity Maps have been used to observe the brain. Next, make a summary about new technologies for the visualization of the brain function.

著者

Xuanyu Li Xuelong Jin

出版者

Japan Brain Science society

雑誌

脳科学誌 (ISSN:13415301)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, pp.21-34, 2012-03-30 (Released:2017-06-01)

参考文献数

29

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Central nervous system (CNS) injuries lead to severe and permanent neurological deficits. Fortunately, as a result of the rapid progress in biomedical science, particularly the stem cell biology, stem cell transplantation holds promise for promoting anatomical repair and functional recovery after traumatic or ischemic injuries to the CNS. However, the tumorigenic potential of these cells remains a great concern, as reflected in the formation of teratomas by transplanted pluripotent cells. This gap in the field is particularly serious as stem cell tumori-genicity represents the key obstacle to the safe use of stem cell-based therapy for CNS injuries. Although some adult stem cell therapies appear to be safe, they have only a very narrow range of uses in human disease. In this review, the links between pluripotency and tumorigenicity are explored. And new medical imaging modalities for more accurately testing the tumorigenic potential of iPSC and of other stem cells applicable to regenerative medicine are proposed. Finally, the most promising emerging approaches for overcoming the challenges of stem cell tumorigenicity are highlighted.

著者

Xuelong Jin Bin Liang

出版者

Japan Brain Science society

雑誌

脳科学誌 (ISSN:13415301)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, pp.35-44, 2012-03-30 (Released:2017-06-01)

参考文献数

16

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Objective: Severe cerebral contusion will cause a functional defect in partial central nerve and will lower patients' living quality. The above problem is still a difficult problem unsolved in clinical treatment. This study is going to clarify the methodology of rabbit's brain tissue transplantation, including the way of operation and the law of microcirculatory formation. Method: Twenty healthy male, Japanese white rabbits with long ears (about three months after birth) of clean degree, weighting between 1.2kg and 1.3kg, were anaesthetized by 3% pentobarbital sodium in vein before receiving an intracerebral transplantation operation. A window was opened on their parietal bone symmetrically, and the cortical brain tissues on the symmetrical areas (on the left and right side) of the rabbits' parietal cortex areas were exchanged and transplanted. Gentamycin sulfate was injected each day to resist infection. Ten and twenty days later, an observation was made as to the survival of the transplanted area and host brain tissue. A microcirculation color camera system was used to analyze the pictures of angiogenesis. With regard to the survival of transplanted brain tissues, their changes in micromorphology were observed. Besides, pathological sections were also prepared to determine their surviving conditions on cell level. Results: (1) Surgical operation has contributed to a satisfactory morphological anastomosis between transplanted brain tissues and host brain tissues. (2) Micro-blood vessel loops were observed to have formed on the section (host side) of rabbits' parietal cortex areas, which had been excised partially when transplantation was not filled. Marker was implanted into the transplanted brain tissues to confirm the possibility of the regeneration of a microcirculation among brain tissues, which had been exsomatized completely. (3) Analysis of the pathological sections of the transplanted brain tissues showed traces of surviving nervous cells. Conclusions: Under given conditions, nervous cells' survival can be maintained by transplanted brain tissues and can be nourished by angiogenesis and characteristic microcirculation connections with host brain tissues.

著者

Na Sun Xuelong Jin

出版者

Japan Brain Science society

雑誌

脳科学誌 (ISSN:13415301)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, pp.46-49, 2011-03-30 (Released:2017-06-01)

参考文献数

11

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Objective: To observe the change of small intestine myoelectric activity after electric stimulus of the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus. Method: To measure jejunal myoelectric activity during digestion period of both before and after the electric stimulus of the DMV. Result: The frequency of the slow waves in the myoelectric activity of the jejunum increased (p<0.05) and the amplitude of the slow waves in the myoelectric activity of the jejunum incresased (p<0.05) after simulus; During the period of stimulus, the frequency of the slow waves in the myoelectric activity of the jejunum degrade (p<0.01) and the amplitude of the slow waves in the myoelectric activity of the jejunum incresased (p<0.01). Conclusion: The myoelectric activity of the jejunum changed after electric stimulus of the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus

著者

Xuelong Jin Feifei Wang

出版者

Japan Brain Science society

雑誌

脳科学誌 (ISSN:13415301)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, pp.87-95, 2011-03-30 (Released:2017-06-01)

参考文献数

13

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Objective: In order to find problems and provide reference for the standardization of application of Morita therapy in China, we preliminarily investigated the overview of how Morita therapy was taken in China. Object and method: Questionnaire survey was performed to inquiry eight representative medical institutions which had department of psychiatry by sending e-mail and assigning person during half year. The questionnaire was completed by psychiatric physicians. Result: During the half year, all medical institutions have adopted Morita therapy and used the method of diary therapy, and accompanied drugs. In the clinic Morita therapy, the maximum frequency was up to 20 times during a session, while the general was between 4 to 20 times. The longest treatment period per time of Morita therapy was 1 to 2 hours accounting for 62.5% of all institutions. 25% took 40 to 60 minutes per time. And 12.5% took about 30 minutes each time. In the resident Morita therapy, it was different in the treatment period of each session and the treatment method among the eight institutions. Discussion: The results indicated that Morita therapy did have been widely used and developed in some extent in China. But the survey also showed that the standard of Morita therapy in China varied and the concept was not uniform. This may be because that mental illness itself is a behavioral disorder which is difficult to strictly distinguish and there is no strict period division in Morita therapy, as well as the level of awareness on Morita therapy varies from physician to physician. Herein, it's necessary to carry out more training on Morita therapy and invite professional Japanese experts to lecture in China. The popularization of Morita therapy has practical significance.