著者

Yu Saito Yuto Koseki Bunpei Hatano Kazuaki Sato Susumu Okubo Hitoshi Ohta Tateaki Ogata

出版者

科学・技術研究会

雑誌

科学・技術研究 (ISSN:21864942)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.1, pp.61-68, 2018 (Released:2018-07-05)

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The spin-trapping ESR (ST-ESR) method, which observes unstable radicals as stable spin adducts using electron spin resonance (ESR), is an effective experimental method for evaluating chemical reactions involving radical reactions. For instance, reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydroxyl radicals and so on is trapped well by spin-trapping reagent like as DMPO. In this research, we considered the analytical conditions of generation and detection of singlet oxygen. All conditions were decided based on the viewpoints of high usability for the singlet oxygen scavenging/quenching evaluating method. In addition, all experimental conditions were examined with a solvent-independent measurement method. In this study, a nonaqueous solution is N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), and an aqueous solution is phosphate buffer solution (PBS, 100 mM pH 7.4). In each solvent CDCl3 or D2O was added at a 10 vol.% ratio respectively. Because heavy solvent was previously reported as an extending lifetime of singlet oxygen. The experimental conditions of singlet oxygen were examined by two different generation/detection methods. Photosensitization method using organic dye and thermal decomposition method by naphthalene derivative endoperoxide were studied as generation method, and 4,4’-bis (1-p-carboxyphenyl-3-methyl-5-hydroxyl) pyrazole (DRD156) and 2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-3-pyrroline-carboxamide (TPC) were studied as detection reagent, respectively. As a result, DRD156 and thermolysis method was good combination for singlet oxygen generation and detection in aqueous solution (around neutral condition) and nonaqueous solution.

著者

Shinichiro Yamada Yuji Morine Satoru Imura Tetsuya Ikemoto Yu Saito Mayuko Shimizu Koichi Tsuneyama Mitsue Nishiyama Shiori Ishizawa Mitsuo Shimada

出版者

The University of Tokushima Faculty of Medicine

雑誌

The Journal of Medical Investigation (ISSN:13431420)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.1.2, pp.66-73, 2023 (Released:2023-05-11)

参考文献数

51

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Background : Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is associated with a higher risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and the importance of the gut?liver axis has been recognized in NASH-associated HCC. We investigated the effect of TU-100 on the intestinal microbiome and hepatocarcinogenesis in a NASH model. Methods : Seven-week-old Tsumura Suzuki obese diabetes mice, a model that shows the spontaneous onset of NASH and HCC, were used. They were divided into a TU-100 treated group and a control group. Mice were sacrificed at 24 and 48 weeks to evaluate hepatic steatosis, fibrosis, carcinogenesis, cytokine expression, and microbiome abundance. Results : At 24 weeks, the TU-100 group showed significantly lower expression of IL6, IL1B, and ACTA2 mRNA in the liver (P?<?0.05). At 48 weeks, the TU-100 group showed significantly lower levels of serum alanine aminotransferase. The TU-100 group also showed a lower rate of NASH than the control group (28% vs 72%?;?P?=?0.1). Tumor diameter was significantly smaller in the TU-100 group compared with that in the control group (P?<?0.05). Regarding the intestinal microbiome, the genera Blautia and Ruminococcus were increased in the TU-100 group (P?<?0.05), whereas Dorea and Erysipelotrichaceae were decreased in the TU-100 group (P?<?0.05). Conclusions : TU-100 regulates the intestinal microbiome and may suppress subsequent hepatocarcinogenesis in the NASH model. J. Med. Invest. 70 : 66-73, February, 2023

著者

Masaki Machida Tomoko Takamiya Shiho Amagasa Hiroshi Murayama Takeo Fujiwara Yuko Odagiri Hiroyuki Kikuchi Noritoshi Fukushima Mitsuo Kouno Yu Saito Fumitoshi Yoshimine Shigeru Inoue Yugo Shobugawa

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.11, pp.489-495, 2022-11-05 (Released:2022-11-05)

参考文献数

43

被引用文献数

7 9

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Background: The hippocampus is a brain structure important for memory and cognitive function. Physical activity may help prevent hippocampal atrophy. However, few studies have measured sedentary behavior (SB) and intensity-specific physical activity using an accelerometer. This study aimed to examine the cross-sectional associations of objectively-determined SB, light-intensity physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) measured by an accelerometer with hippocampal volume among community-dwelling older adults using compositional data analysis (CoDa) approach.Methods: This cross-sectional study was part of the Neuron to Environmental Impact across Generations (NEIGE) study. A randomly recruited sample of 485 Japanese older adults (47% male; aged 65–84 years) wore tri-axial accelerometers (Omron Healthcare) for 7 consecutive days in 2017. Hippocampal volume was measured with magnetic resonance imaging and the left and right hippocampal volumes were automatically segmented using FreeSurfer software. Associations of sedentary and physically active behaviors with hippocampal volume were examined with compositional linear regression analysis based on isometric log-ratio transformations of time use adjusted for potential confounding factors.Results: The relative proportion of time spent in MVPA, compared to the other two activities, was significantly positively associated with right hippocampal volume (β: 57.1, P-value = 0.027). However, no association existed between higher proportions of MVPA and left hippocampal volume, or between proportions of SB or LPA with either left or right hippocampal volumes.Conclusion: The proportion of time spent in MVPA, relative to the other two activities, was significantly positively associated with right hippocampal volume. MVPA may be beneficial for maintaining hippocampal volume.