著者

戸ヶ里 泰典 米倉 佑貴 井出 訓 Taisuke Togari Yuki Yonekura Satoshi Ide

出版者

放送大学

雑誌

放送大学研究年報 = Journal of The Open University of Japan (ISSN:09114505)

巻号頁・発行日

no.33, pp.11-25, 2015

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保健・看護系の大学院生が、効率的に必要十分な統計学的知識の定着をはかり、データ解析ができるための学習支援のプログラムの開発に向けて、本学の保健・看護系修士課程大学院生における、①統計解析の学習に関する意向とニーズを明らかにすること、②統計解析スキル向上に向けた演習を構築しその評価をすること、③良く質問され、かつ研究遂行上重要なQ&Aを探索し整備すること、の3点を目的とした。 目的①に対しては一定の統計解析を行って修士論文を作成した本学保健・看護系大学院生・卒業生13名を対象とした自記式質問紙ないし構造化面接調査を実施した。また、目的②に対しては極力わかりやすい解説の元、論文の結果表を読み取り、自身の研究データ解析に活用できる授業の構築、ならびに、参加者が自分の研究データを扱っている感覚でデモデータを分析する演習の構築を行い、終了後に感想を聞くとともに、目的①の質問紙調査において感想を聞いた。目的③については、新たに専用の統計相談窓口を設置し、統計解析に関する相談を受け付けることを通じて、どのような質問が寄せられるかを整理した。 修士論文作成に使用した統計解析ソフトウエアはR/Rコマンダーが6名、SPSSが5名、Excel統計が4名であった。統計解析方法については、教員からの指導に依存し、補足的に自学自習をしているスタイルであった。事例が豊富な教材を期待する声が大きかった。講義、演習については、概ね良好に受け入れられたが、回数が限られており分量が多く、スピードが速いといった指摘が見られた。統計相談の内容の傾向としては、量的変数として扱ってよい場合とそうでない場合、必要なサンプルサイズについて多く寄せられていた。 統計解析に関する知識を概観し、自己学習のきっかけをつくるうえでの講義授業は重要であることが伺われた。同様に自主演習をすすめるきっかけとしての演習授業も重要であることが伺われた。

著者

Moeka Harada Nobuyo Tsuboyama-Kasaoka Yuki Yonekura Haruki Shimoda Akira Ogawa Seiichiro Kobayashi Kiyomi Sakata Nobuo Nishi

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20220284, (Released:2023-08-25)

参考文献数

36

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Background: Disaster survivors experience deterioration in lifestyles and an increase in constipation. After the Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011, some survivors were evacuated for a long term, even after moving to temporary housing and public reconstruction housing. However, annual changes in constipation and the association between lifestyles and constipation among the survivors are still unknown.Methods: Overall, 9,234 survivors aged 18 years or older participated in this 9-year follow-up survey after the disaster. Information about the prevalence of constipation and lifestyle factors (diet, physical activity, and mental health) was collected using a self-reported questionnaire. Their dietary intake was categorized into the following two dietary patterns: prudent (fish and shellfish, soybean products, vegetables, fruits, and dairy products) and meat (meat and eggs). Odds ratios for constipation according to lifestyle factors were calculated using a generalized linear mixed model.Results: In women, the prevalence of constipation was the highest at baseline (8.7%) and remained around 5% afterward. In both men and women, older age, poor mental health, and poor physical activity were significantly associated with higher odds ratios of constipation. Moreover, a lower frequency of meals and a lower prudent dietary score were significantly associated with women’s constipation.Conclusion: The prevalence of constipation was the highest at baseline and remained around 5% in women. Lifestyle factors, such as poor mental health, physical inactivity, and low frequency of meals were associated with constipation. Our findings suggest continuous support for the survivors with constipation for medium- to long-term after disasters.

著者

Megumi Tsubota-Utsugi Yuki Yonekura Ruriko Suzuki Ryohei Sasaki Kozo Tanno Haruki Shimoda Akira Ogawa Seiichiro Kobayashi Kiyomi Sakata

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.12, pp.527-534, 2022-12-05 (Released:2022-12-05)

参考文献数

43

被引用文献数

3

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Background: People with poor health or mental conditions are generally unwilling to participate in the health examinations, and no studies have directly examined the relationship of psychological distress among disaster survivors with participation status to date. The present study thus examined psychosocial differences according to the respondent status in a 5-year follow-up survey among participants in the prospective health surveys on survivors of the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami Disaster study in Iwate Prefecture, Japan.Methods: We analyzed data from 10,203 Japanese survivors aged ≥18 years (mean age, 65.6 years; 38.0% men) and who underwent health examinations at baseline in 2011. Participants were classified into responders and nonresponders according to their 2015 health examination participation status. Psychological distress was evaluated using the Kessler 6 scale and categorized as none, mild, and severe. Multinominal logistic regression was used to examine the risk of psychological distress in relation to participation status.Results: In the 2015 survey, 6,334 of 6,492 responders and 1,686 of 3,356 nonresponders were analyzed. The most common reasons for nonparticipation in the survey were participated in other health examinations, examined at a hospital, and did not have time to participate. Nonresponse in males was associated only with mild psychological stress, whereas nonresponse in females was associated with mild and severe psychological distress.Conclusion: Nonresponders in the follow-up survey had a higher risk of psychological distress than responders. Continuous monitoring of the health of nonresponders and responders may help to prevent future health deterioration.

著者

Sayuri Goryoda Nobuo Nishi Haruki Shimoda Yuki Yonekura Kiyomi Sakata Seiichiro Kobayashi Akira Ogawa Ichiro Kawachi

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.3, pp.92-96, 2019-03-05 (Released:2019-03-05)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

10

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Background: Previous studies have identified poor dietary intake as a health risk affecting survivors of the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami. We examined the association between different social factors (eg, living conditions and perceptions of community social capital) and dietary intakes among disaster-affected survivors.Methods: We studied 6,724 survivors in four municipalities of Iwate Prefecture 3 years after the disaster. Social capital was assessed via four items inquiring about respondents’ perceptions of social cohesion in their communities. Good dietary intake was defined according to the following criteria: intake of staple food ≥three times a day; intake of meat, fish and shellfish eggs, or soybean products ≥twice a day; vegetable intake ≥twice a day; and intake of fruit or dairy products ≥once a day. An individual who did not meet any of these criteria was defined as having poor dietary intake. We adjusted for covariates, including socioeconomic status, marital status, and residential area.Results: Poor dietary intake was reported by 31.6% of respondents. Poisson regression analyses revealed that the following factors were related to poor dietary intake: age <65 years (men: prevalence ratio [PR] 1.48; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.29–1.71 and women: PR 1.55; 95% CI, 1.36–1.77), difficulties in living conditions (men: PR 1.18; 95% CI, 1.00–1.39 and women: PR 1.19; 95% CI, 1.01–1.40), and low perceptions of community social capital (women: PR 1.20; 95% CI, 1.04–1.38).Conclusions: Our findings suggest that social capital plays a role in promoting healthy dietary intake among women in disaster-affected areas.