著者
渡辺 伸一
出版者
奈良教育大学
雑誌
奈良教育大学紀要. 人文・社会科学 (ISSN:05472393)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.56, no.1, pp.115-125, 2007-10-31

Environmental cadmium pollution causes cadmium poisoning. The first cadmium-polluted area ever discovered in the world was the Jinzu River basin in Toyama Prefecture in Japan. The most severe case of cadmium poisoning is Itai-itai disease (osteomalacia), which was officially recognized as a pollution-related disease by the Japanese government in 1968, and a less severe case is tubular kidney dysfunction. In other words, the occurrence of Itai-itai disease is only the "tip of the iceberg". The tubular kidney dysfunction is the earliest and most prevalent adverse result of chronic cadmium poisoning. The Japan Public Health Association Cadmium Research Committee, supported by the Environmental Agency, carried out health surveys in cadmium-polluted areas of 8 prefectures during the period of 1976-1984 and reported that many cases of tubular kidney dysfunction were found not only in Toyama but also in Ishikawa, Hyogo and Nagasaki prefectures. However, the Environmental Agency and the research committee have never certified this kidney dysfunction as a pollution-related disease. In 1970, the Japanese government set tentative acceptable standards of 1ppm for brown rice and enacted the Agricultural Land Soil Pollution Prevention Law in 1971. Based on this Law, restoration projects of polluted soils of rice paddies were started. If cadmium nephropathy was certified as a officially pollution-related disease, acceptable standards for brown rice must be more strict than 1ppm, because 1ppm is a standard to prevent habitants from suffering from Itai-itai disease. This new strict standard arrives at increases in polluted rice and soils. This means increases in the expenses to buy polluted rice and to restore polluted soils. To offer indemnity to farmers for any reduction in his rice crop is the responsibility of polluting industries and to pay expenses to restore polluted soils is the responsibility of polluting industries, the central government and local authorities. This paper concludes that the main reason why cadmium nephropathy has not been certified as an official pollution- related disease is that the decision-making of the Environmental Agency and the research committee reflects the intention of the polluting industries and the government who regard the expenses above as too heavy a burden.

言及状況

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→「それでは、どんな条件が満たされれば、 カドミウムが原因と考えてよいか、と(カドミが原因と認めない班員に)質問すると常にノーコメントであった」(齋藤、同:p.92、括弧内引用者)と述べている。」 大変に既視感がある。 渡辺伸一 奈良教育大教授(当時 准教授)2007 https://t.co/GHeoDLZ5oK https://t.co/poxW018Fdm
→しかし、その後も、「厚生省見解」を批判し続けるという姿勢は、一貫して変える ことはなかった(/)。長崎県対馬で長年にわたり研究調査を進めてきた齋藤寛長崎大医学部教授(研究班員)は、→ 渡辺伸一『公害病否定の社会学的考察 ―カドミウム腎症を事例にー』2007 https://t.co/GHeoDLZ5oK https://t.co/sQfdpnMXqX
「カドミ説批判の研究者たちは、80年代に入ってからは、栄養不良説等を主張しなくなっていく。それは、2 節でみたような研究の進展によってその誤りが明確になってきたからと考えられる。→ 渡辺伸一『公害病否定の社会学的考察 ―カドミウム腎症を事例にー』2007 https://t.co/GHeoDLHu0a https://t.co/kdP0PMR91x
→/こうした動きは、日本鉱業協会による鉱害対策費の負担軽減=公費への転嫁のための取り組みのひとつとして位置づけることが可能である。当時日本鉱業協会理事の汾陽光秀が、「若し、カドミウムがイ病の原因ではないということになれば→ 渡辺伸一 現奈良教育大教授2007 https://t.co/GHeoDLZ5oK https://t.co/412oIA7FSM
「富山イ病の加害企業である三井金属鉱業も参加する日本鉱業協会や自民党は、イ病控訴審判決の後、裁判で決着したはずのイ病の原因の「むしかえし」を意図した活動を展開したことはよく知られ/この政治的な動きは、一般に「まきかえし」と呼ばれているが、→ 渡辺伸一2007 https://t.co/GHeoDLZ5oK https://t.co/3tfdbyBQaK

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