著者

橋本 哲 HASHIMOTO Satoshi

出版者

名古屋大学文学部

雑誌

名古屋大学文学部研究論集. 哲学 (ISSN:04694716)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, pp.1-33, 2016-03-31

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Certainty is one of the themes which Wittgenstein was interested in. His thoughts are left in the form of notes named On Certainty. He has put down in it a series of remarks on the usage of such words as ʻknowledgeʼ, ʻdoubtʼ, ʻbeliefʼ, ʻcertaintyʼ, etc. and the foundation of language-games related to them. I try in this paper to illuminate how the ordinary language-games about knowledge, doubt, belief, etc. relate with ʻunshakeable things (Moore-type propositions (Marie McGinn), hinges (Danièle Moyal-Sharrock))ʼ. Certainty belongs to ʻunshakeable thingsʼ that underlie all our ordinary language-games. Knowledge and certainty belong to different layers of our epistemic capacities (different categories). McGinn showed that Moore-type propositions can not be used in epistemic context. Moyal-Sharrock showed that hinges are rules of grammar and that they can manifest themselves only in what we say and do. But they could not definitely distinguish the certainty of the ʻunshakeable thingsʼ from their causes.