著者
南茂 由利子
出版者
大阪府立大学大学院人間社会学研究科
雑誌
人間社会学研究集録 (ISSN:1880683X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.3, pp.3-26, 2008-02-29

The gender guidelines for asylum determination are the legal instrument expected to compensate for silence concerning gender-related persecution in the Refugee Convention. This paper focuses on Canadian and US decisions concerning gender-related asylum cases in order to examine the effects and functions of these guidelines. My argument centers on the cases of Muslim women who sought asylum from gender-related persecution, supposedly caused by their 'oppositional' or 'unfavorable' attitudes or opinions towards the code of dressing, conduct or ethics of Muslim societies. By studying the description of these women refugees in asylum decisions, I show how they are defined as 'victims of Islam' and how their image as vicims is then used to convey a negative image of Islam. The case of Nada, an asylum seeker to Canada, is especially striking, because the media portrayal of Nadia's case was effectively controlled by the host country, while the Nadia's own view of Islam was both ignored and denied. Muslim websites and Muslim feminist writers persuasively expose the problematic issues that arise from such cases. This investigation leads me to raise questions about the humanitarian effects and functions of the gender guidelines. Indeed, the guidelines may have a detrimental function by fostering negative stereotypes of Islam.
著者
樫本 喜一
出版者
大阪府立大学
雑誌
人間社会学研究集録 (ISSN:1880683X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1, pp.215-244, 2006-03-31

The scientific safety assessment of the Kansai Research Reactor, issued by the Science Council of Japan in 1958, was the first appearance of high technology in Japanese society, introducing 'Risk Thinking' or the first time into the scientific assessment of the professional community in Japan. Chapter 1 presents an outline of the Kansai Research Reactor and the Science Council of Japan. The citizens' movement against the Kansai Research Reactor was the first movement against a nuclear reactor in the world. Chapters 2 and 3 explore the apprehension within the Science Council of Japan concerning its safety assessment concerning the reactor, based on documents preserved by the Science Council of Japan and the Ibaraki city assembly. These chapters also analyze problems with 'Risk Thinking' that the constructor of the Kansai Research Reactor tried to use in the negotiations with residents of Ibaraki city. The paper concludes with a plan for the application of high technologies to Japanese society.
著者
野崎 泰伸
出版者
大阪府立大学
雑誌
人間社会学研究集録 (ISSN:1880683X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1, pp.3-19, 2006-03-31

What determines the content of justice? The consensus among subjects, justified by social contact, is one answer to this question. Current liberalism maintains that consensus is constructed by social contract - but does the principle of consensus among subjects really lead to the theory of justice? It is important to notice that the current theory of consensus implies that those who cannot satisfactorily participate in consensus are no longer subjects. This article insists that justice should not be based on consensus, but understood as a process of falsification, implying that justice should also remain provi sional.
著者
樫本 喜一
出版者
大阪府立大学大学院人間社会学研究科
雑誌
人間社会学研究集録 (ISSN:1880683X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2, pp.81-110, 2007-03-31

This paper examines the first occurrence of conflict between early nuclear policy and the local autonomy in democratised Japan after World War 2, which arose in 1959, when the residents of Mizr moto village moved against the Kansai Research Reactor planned to be installed in Katano, a nearby town. The previous year, the physicists of the Science Council of Japan had made a proposal which called for democratic control of nuclear technology. This proposal was officially submitted to the Science and Technology Agency, on the occasion of the controversy concerning the safety of the Kansai Research Reactor when the former Takatsuki plan was at issue. It seems that the proposal included the idea of forming an agency analogous to the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) of the United States. But this proposal was not adopted, and soon afterward the Takatsuki plan was replaced by the Katano plan. Therefore the residents of Mizumoto village were placed in difficult circumstances. This paper discusses the historical events in great detail. I hope that it provides useful suggestions for the present studies concerning democratic control of science and technology, such as STS (Science and Technology Studies) and Environmental Sociology.
著者
南茂 由利子
出版者
大阪府立大学
雑誌
人間社会学研究集録 (ISSN:1880683X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.3, pp.3-26, 2007

The gender guidelines for asylum determination are the legal instrument expected to compensate for silence concerning gender-related persecution in the Refugee Convention. This paper focuses on Canadian and US decisions concerning gender-related asylum cases in order to examine the effects and functions of these guidelines. My argument centers on the cases of Muslim women who sought asylum from gender-related persecution, supposedly caused by their 'oppositional' or 'unfavorable' attitudes or opinions towards the code of dressing, conduct or ethics of Muslim societies. By studying the description of these women refugees in asylum decisions, I show how they are defined as 'victims of Islam' and how their image as vicims is then used to convey a negative image of Islam. The case of Nada, an asylum seeker to Canada, is especially striking, because the media portrayal of Nadia's case was effectively controlled by the host country, while the Nadia's own view of Islam was both ignored and denied. Muslim websites and Muslim feminist writers persuasively expose the problematic issues that arise from such cases. This investigation leads me to raise questions about the humanitarian effects and functions of the gender guidelines. Indeed, the guidelines may have a detrimental function by fostering negative stereotypes of Islam.