著者

Yasuhiko Tabata

出版者

The Japanese Society of Inflammation and Regeneration

雑誌

Inflammation and Regeneration (ISSN:18809693)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.1, pp.001-003, 2014 (Released:2014-02-15)

参考文献数

4

被引用文献数

2 3

著者

鈴木 勉 尾崎 雅彦 鈴木 雅美 矢島 義識 成田 年

出版者

一般社団法人 日本炎症・再生医学会

雑誌

Inflammation and Regeneration (ISSN:18809693)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.2, pp.96-100, 2006 (Released:2006-08-18)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

1 1

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According to the World Health Organization(WHO) guidelines for patients with moderate or severe pain, morphine has been used as a “gold standard” treatment for cancer pain. However, the use of morphine for the treatment of pain was sometimes accompanied with side effects such as emesis, constipation and drowsiness.We showed that morphine at the dose of which had no antinociceptive effect produced emetic response and gastrointestinal transit inhibition. It should be mentioned that morphine with lower doses produces severe side effects without antinociception/analgesia.Recent clinical studies have demonstrated that when morphine is used to control pain, psychological dependence is not a major concern. We confirmed that animals with chronic pain failed to exhibit the morphine-induced rewarding effect. It should be pointed out that the endogenous κ-opioidergic system in the nucleus accumbens may be directly involved in the suppression of the morphine-induced rewarding effect under an inflammatory pain-like state. In contrast, the reduction of μ-opioid receptor function in the ventral tegmental area may contribute to the suppression of the rewarding effect induced by morphine under an neuropathic pain-like state. These findings strongly suggest that treatment of morphine with the adequate dose could be highly recommended for the relief of severe chronic pain.

著者

宮坂 昌之

出版者

一般社団法人 日本炎症・再生医学会

雑誌

Inflammation and Regeneration (ISSN:18809693)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.2, pp.110-111, 2009 (Released:2010-03-15)

著者

Matsushima Yoshihiro Eguchi Fumio Kikukawa Tadahiro Matsuda Takahide

出版者

The Japanese Society of Inflammation and Regeneration

雑誌

Inflammation and Regeneration (ISSN:18809693)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.1, pp.47-58, 2009

被引用文献数

16

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Humans have used psychoactive mushrooms for medical, recreational, religious and ritual purposes since pre-history. Previous studies have clarified that psychoactive mushrooms produce psychoactive agents such as psilocybin, psilocin, ibotenic acid, and muscimol. However, the status of psychoactive mushrooms in most countries as illegal hallucinogens has prevented full investigation of their biochemical properties. Recent studies have shown that many psychoactive agents pass through the blood-brain barrier and act on neurotransmitter receptors. Psilocybin and psilocin are 5-HT<SUB>1A</SUB> and 5-HT<SUB>2A/C</SUB> receptor agonists, respectively, while ibotenic acid is a glutamic acid receptor agonist and muscimol is a GABA<SUB>A</SUB> receptor agonist. A new psychoactive agent, aeruginascin, has also been isolated from psychoactive mushrooms, and it is expected that more useful compounds will be discovered as the technology of component analysis advances. In addition, it has been shown that psilocybin and psilocin have high therapeutic efficiency for obsessive-compulsive disorder, which is a difficult-to-treat nervous disease. The increase of nervous diseases in modern society has thus given new importance to psychoactive mushrooms. In this review, we summarize the history of the use of psychoactive mushrooms, from pre-history to the modern age, describe their classification and distribution, survey previous studies, and discuss their therapeutic effects for difficult-to-treat nervous disease. The utilization and distribution of psychoactive mushrooms in Japan is given special attention, as there are few articles on this subject.

著者

Yoshihiro Matsushima Fumio Eguchi Tadahiro Kikukawa Takahide Matsuda

出版者

The Japanese Society of Inflammation and Regeneration

雑誌

Inflammation and Regeneration (ISSN:18809693)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.1, pp.47-58, 2009 (Released:2010-03-15)

参考文献数

78

被引用文献数

5 16

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Humans have used psychoactive mushrooms for medical, recreational, religious and ritual purposes since pre-history. Previous studies have clarified that psychoactive mushrooms produce psychoactive agents such as psilocybin, psilocin, ibotenic acid, and muscimol. However, the status of psychoactive mushrooms in most countries as illegal hallucinogens has prevented full investigation of their biochemical properties. Recent studies have shown that many psychoactive agents pass through the blood-brain barrier and act on neurotransmitter receptors. Psilocybin and psilocin are 5-HT1A and 5-HT2A/C receptor agonists, respectively, while ibotenic acid is a glutamic acid receptor agonist and muscimol is a GABAA receptor agonist. A new psychoactive agent, aeruginascin, has also been isolated from psychoactive mushrooms, and it is expected that more useful compounds will be discovered as the technology of component analysis advances. In addition, it has been shown that psilocybin and psilocin have high therapeutic efficiency for obsessive-compulsive disorder, which is a difficult-to-treat nervous disease. The increase of nervous diseases in modern society has thus given new importance to psychoactive mushrooms. In this review, we summarize the history of the use of psychoactive mushrooms, from pre-history to the modern age, describe their classification and distribution, survey previous studies, and discuss their therapeutic effects for difficult-to-treat nervous disease. The utilization and distribution of psychoactive mushrooms in Japan is given special attention, as there are few articles on this subject.

著者

Haruka Wada Hiroya Kudo Hajime Sasaki Muhammad Baghdadi Ken-ichir Seino

出版者

日本炎症・再生医学会

雑誌

Inflammation and Regeneration (ISSN:18809693)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.5, pp.238-243, 2015 (Released:2015-12-15)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

3

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Recent progress of manipulating pluripotent stem cells expands possibilities of regenerative medicine and opens novel transplantation medicine. However, in many cases of these medicines, the relationship between therapeutic cells and recipients would be allogeneic. In this context, we proposed new concept of immune regulation therapy in new-age medicine using pluripotent stem cells. In our concept, not only grafts but also immune regulating cells are generated from pluripotent stem cells by exertion of its pluripotency. We have recently developed immune suppressive macrophage-like cells from pluripotent stem cells. These cells suppressed allo-antigen stimulated T cell proliferation in an iNOS dependent manner. Furthermore, these immune suppressive macrophage-like cells derived from pluripotent stem cells prolonged survival of grafts derived from same pluripotent stem cells in allogeneic recipients. Thus, series of our study proved the efficacy of our new immune regulating strategy in the age of regenerative medicine which utilize pluripotent stem cells as a therapeutic cell source.

著者

Ryusuke Nakagawa Akihiko Yoshimura

出版者

日本炎症・再生医学会

雑誌

Inflammation and Regeneration (ISSN:18809693)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.3, pp.140-147, 2015 (Released:2015-06-19)

参考文献数

74

被引用文献数

1

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The intestine, skin, and respiratory tract harbor pools of commensal microbes, known as microbiota. Over the last few years, the field of mucosal immunology has revealed that the microbiota play important roles in the host immune system. Here, we have summarized recent studies regarding the interaction between microbiota and the mucosal immune systems in health and diseases. The application of 16S rRNA PCR and new sequencing technology have enabled us to understand the composition of intestinal microbiota. Here, we specifically assess their contribution to obesity and cancer (chronic inflammatory conditions) as well as to inflammatory autoimmune diseases (e.g., inflammatory bowel disease and type 1 diabetes) and allergic syndromes. Optimization of the microbiota composition has been attempted via the intake of probiotic bacteria in various fermented foods and via fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from healthy donors to patients with Clostridium difficile-induced colitis. The presence of certain microbiota species affects the development and function of various types of immune cells, such as regulatory T (Treg) cells and interleukin-17-producing helper T (Th17) cells. Furthermore, innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have also been shown to be regulated by microbiota. These findings indicate that manipulation of the microbiota could improve health and chronic diseases via immune regulation.

著者

Yukio Fujiwara Yoshihiro Komohara Keiichiro Tsurushima Tsuyoshi Ikeda Motohiro Takeya

出版者

日本炎症・再生医学会

雑誌

Inflammation and Regeneration (ISSN:18809693)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.6, pp.520-523, 2010 (Released:2010-12-28)

参考文献数

13

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Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) of M2 phenotype promote tumor proliferation and relate to poor prognosis in patients with gliobrastoma. We screened natural compounds possessing inhibitory effect on M2 polarization in human monocyte-derived macrophages. Among 130 purified natural compounds, some natural compounds such as glycyrrhizin, medicarpin and solasodine significantly inhibited the expression of CD163, one of the phenotypic markers of M2 macrophages, as well as suppressed the secretion of IL-10, one of the anti-inflammatory cytokine preferentially produced by M2 macrophages, thus suggesting that glycyrrhizin, medicarpin and solasodine suppress macrophage polarization towards M2 phenotype. Therefore, glycyrrhizin, medicarpin and solasodine may be potentially useful new strategy for the prevention and therapy of tumor.

著者

Keisuke Okita Shinya Yamanaka

出版者

日本炎症・再生医学会

雑誌

Inflammation and Regeneration (ISSN:18809693)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.6, pp.510-515, 2008 (Released:2009-12-28)

参考文献数

50

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We have previously shown that embryonic stem (ES)-like cells can be induced from mouse fibroblasts, hepatocytes and stomach epithelial cells by introducing four factors (Oct3/4, Sox2, c-Myc, and Klf4). The cells are similar in morphology, proliferation and gene expression profile to those of ES cells, and are called induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. When the iPS cells are transferred into blastocyst, they can contribute to adult chimeric mice and transmit through germline to the next generation. Therefore iPS cells have almost same differentiation potential as ES cells. In 2007, we and others reported the establishment of iPS cells from human somatic cells and showed their pluripotency.These iPS cells would supply patient-specific pluripotent stem cells for cell transplantation therapies. However, iPS cells still have several problems to be overcome, especially tumorigenicity owing to the use of oncogenes and retrovirus. Recent studies revealed that c-Myc is not a crucial factor for iPS induction, albeit it greatly increases the efficiency. The improvement of reprogramming efficiency was reported with soluble factor, Wnt3a, and several small molecules that influence epigenetic modification, such as BIX-01294 and VPA. Induction of mouse iPS cells without virus vector has been reported. Through the basic researches on iPS and ES cells, molecular mechanisms underlying the reprogramming process were gradually being uncovered. Here we try to summarize current studies on iPS cells. The iPS cells will contribute to the fields ofelucidation of pathogenesis, drug discovery, toxicology study, and cell transplantation therapy in the future.