著者

YAMANE Hiroshi

出版者

The Association of Japanese Geographers

雑誌

Geographical review of Japan series B (ISSN:18834396)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.2, pp.96-110, 2016-09-30 (Released:2016-09-30)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

1 1

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After the opening of Japan and the Meiji Restoration in the 1850s–1860s, the Japanese land space changed drastically with domestic restructuring and the expansion of overseas colonies. In the process, the stronger presence of Japan in Northeast Asia was accompanied by the reinforcement of the ports on the shores of the Japan Sea and the East China Sea. Some good natural ports on the mainland competed with rival ports in supplying services for the continent and in harbor improvements, and became positioned as pivotal nodes for international trade or passenger transit in the Northeast Asian network. This paper focuses on two successful ports, Tsuruga and Nagasaki, and explores two problems from the perspective of ‘realism-structuration.’ One is how locally influential individuals as special human agencies contributed to the regional formation of these ports through their time-space practices in the expansion process. The other is how they recognized and understood or experienced the sea areas surrounding the Japanese mainland and the continental area. Two key people, Owada in Tsuruga and Suzuki in Nagasaki, actively visited the continental area, and insisted on and practiced development of their localities in close relationship with the continental area. In this sense, they were special human agencies precisely embodying the structure that provided regional formation. Finally, the following inference is made: In a multilateral area as an actor-network, from the viewpoint of Actor-Network Theory, the sea areas became involved in the networking as non-human actors.

著者

KUMAGAI Keichi YOSHIDA Yoko

出版者

The Association of Japanese Geographers

雑誌

Geographical review of Japan series B (ISSN:18834396)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.1, pp.1-3, 2017-01-31 (Released:2017-01-31)

参考文献数

13

著者

YOSHIDA Yoko

出版者

The Association of Japanese Geographers

雑誌

Geographical review of Japan series B (ISSN:18834396)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.1, pp.4-13, 2017-01-31 (Released:2017-01-31)

参考文献数

51

被引用文献数

1 1

---

This article tries to advance the discussion of the efficacy of qualitative methods often used in the geography of gender in Japan, in particular by focusing on narratives obtained through interview surveys and analyzed using discourse analysis. It can be said that around the year 2000 was a turning point in Japanese geography for research methods such as life-history research. The life-history research made it possible to hear the voices of subjects who have been placed in minority positions and have not been able to easily speak and to deepen the study of geography from various standpoints and to include the perspectives of minorities. Analyzing narratives in informants’ life histories encouraged geographers to clarify the structures of space/place by focusing on gender relations acted out as power. The studies which adopted the life-history research could be positioned with the field of gender studies in geography, as all of them reveal the social relations in local communities and of groups within particular spaces—which is to say that they demonstrate the gender relations preserved by the patriarchy and hegemonic masculinity. With geography, it has become possible to point out issues that are found only “here” and cannot easily be generalized by questioning “where,” including micro-scale spaces that cannot be mapped or visualized. This can be called “local knowledge” that is generated from the perspective of a “somewhere” that is rooted in people’s lives, as proposed by McDowell (1993).

著者

KURAMITSU Minako

出版者

The Association of Japanese Geographers

雑誌

Geographical review of Japan series B (ISSN:18834396)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.1, pp.14-25, 2017-01-31 (Released:2017-01-31)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

1 1

---

‘Place’ is a core concept in human geography and scholars have focused on how globalization has affected ‘place’ since the 1990s. Despite findings that ‘place’ is socially re/constructed under globalization’s fluidity, the relationship between ‘place’ and migration, which certainly shape and are shaped by globalization, has not been the subject of much academic attention from a perspective of migrants themselves. Within this context, this article aims to explore the relationship between ‘place’ and migration—particularly that between ‘home’ and marriage migrants—through life stories of three Samoan pioneer wives, who married Japanese men and have been living in Japan for over 20 years. As a result, the following three findings were identified. First, creating a ‘home,’ in the sense of crafting a new life in Japan, has been a long and challenging process, and a good relationship with their husbands’ families and acquisition of the Japanese language were necessary for Samoan wives to create a ‘home’ in Japan at an early stage. Second, the Samoan wives made a ‘home’ of their Samoan network, which enabled them to communicate with other Samoans and maintain connections to their home country. Last, creating or recreating a ‘home’ is a personal experience, influenced by how they grew up in Samoa and how they became accustomed to Japanese society.

著者

KAGEYAMA Honami

出版者

The Association of Japanese Geographers

雑誌

Geographical review of Japan series B (ISSN:18834396)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.1, pp.26-31, 2017-01-31 (Released:2017-01-31)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

1 1

---

The purpose of this paper is to describe the relationship between the nuclear family and the housing environment from a perspective of residential space in Okinawa, Japan, focusing on the processes of community building in Naha Shintoshin. This is an analysis of a redevelopment project in the former residential district of the U.S. Armed Forces Base. The district was returned to Okinawa Prefecture, Japan in 1987. Naha City and landowners have been jointly participating in the community building since the 1989 official redevelopment plan’s approval. The research presented here partially supports the idea that residential space can reinforce gender inequalities. However, in this paper I argue that residential space can be an arena for the changing of gender relations. By describing how landowners take part in that development and how residents participate in community building in this area, I argue that many movements for community building tend to have an influence on power relations within the private residence and play an important role in deciding the basis of the ordering of daily life. In Okinawa there has been a custom of strict male familial succession, totome, in the patriarchal system. It is said that this custom has affected community building processes traditionally. But this reproduction space in the form of the community building may be an alternative space for active women to potentially change their power relations with men since the community building movements take place outside of the patriarchal system.

著者

KONDO Hirofumi SAKAI Akiko

出版者

The Association of Japanese Geographers

雑誌

Geographical review of Japan series B (ISSN:18834396)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.1, pp.23-37, 2016-02-15 (Released:2016-02-17)

参考文献数

75

被引用文献数

1 1

---

Riparian areas are unique habitats that contribute to biodiversity, so they have been focused on in many regions; however, subalpine riparian forests have hardly been examined in Japan. We investigated the micro-landform structure and spatial pattern of tree distributions in a V-shaped valley at 2,000–2,200 m a.s.l. in the Minami Alps, central Japan, using a 0.42 ha core-plot and 16 belt-transects set in a headwater area of Norogawa River. As riparian topographical components, channel, floodplain, scarp of terrace and terrace were detected, which were arranged roughly from lower to higher elevations from streams, as well as mountain slope as a micro-landform unit outside the riparian area. Single-layered floodplain, conspicuous terrace segments and the probable lack of a lower sideslope were identified as features that differ from those found in previous studies on other climatic/large-scale geomorphological conditions. The distribution of deciduous species was biased to lower elevations, with the representatives Salix cardiophylla var. urbaniana on floodplains and Alnus matsumurae on scarps of terraces. These micro-landform units were recognized as a riparian zone in terms of vegetation. Meanwhile, climatic climax evergreen conifers, mainly Abies veitchii, Tsuga diversifolia and A. mariesii, dominated not only mountain slopes but also terraces, indicating that terraces are upland areas in terms of their vegetation. A much smaller area, low species diversity and an assumed direct succession from pioneer to climax phase, because of poor long-lived riparian species capable of forming a mid- or late successional phase, were properties differing from those found in previous studies on other climatic/geomorphological conditions.

著者

KONNO Shohei IZUMI Takeki TAKAHASHI Hideo

出版者

The Association of Japanese Geographers

雑誌

Geographical review of Japan series B (ISSN:18834396)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.1, pp.38-44, 2016-02-15 (Released:2016-02-17)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

4 5

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This study estimated near-ground air temperature (Ta) from Terra/ASTER-obtained land surface temperature (LST) for different land cover categories in a hilly region under a clear and calm night in winter. Temperature differences (ΔT) between LST and Ta were related to the land cover categories and their spatial extents. In the extended area of forest land, spatially averaged ΔT in the area (ΔTm) was −0.1°C, and the relationship between LST and Ta showed less variability (standard deviation of ΔT (SD)=0.8°C) and high correlation (coefficient of determination between Ta and LST (R2)=0.70). This result suggests we can evaluate Ta directly from LST in this area. In the extended area of bare land, ΔTm, SD and R2 were −1.5°C, 0.9°C and 0.85, respectively, which indicated that accurate estimation of Ta is possible by correcting LST by ΔTm. In the extended area of artificial land, ΔTm showed statistically non-significant trend. In the case of intermingled area of more than one type of land cover, ΔTm, SD and R2 were −0.8°C, 0.9°C and 0.71 in the forest land of the intermingled area, which suggested that we can estimate Ta in this area precisely by correcting LST by ΔTm. In the bare land of the intermingled area, though ΔTm was −1.4°C, large variations (SD=1.4°C) and low correlations (R2=0.33) were found.

著者

YAMANE Hiroshi

出版者

The Association of Japanese Geographers

雑誌

Geographical review of Japan series B (ISSN:18834396)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.2, pp.45-46, 2016-09-30 (Released:2016-09-30)

著者

MIKI Masafumi

出版者

The Association of Japanese Geographers

雑誌

Geographical review of Japan series B (ISSN:18834396)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.2, pp.80-85, 2016-09-30 (Released:2016-09-30)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

1 1

---

This study focuses on the economic importance of Karafuto, the southern part of Sakhalin Island, in terms of its disputed status as a Japanese or Russian territory. The author focuses on the Sea of Japan Rim Region. Shotaro Kazama, Chief Secretary of the Niigata Chamber of Commerce, edited ‘A Report of inspection for business of Vladivostok and Karafuto’ which was published in 1907 after the Russo-Japanese War. Niigata Prefecture had sent a team to inspect not only the merchants in Vladivostok but also the fishermen in the territorial waters of the Far East of Russia, where, in 1907, Japanese rights were still unsettled. One of the reasons for inspecting the activities of the merchants and fishermen was to document the widespread circulation of soy sauce, dyeing, and weaving as a precondition to establish a Japanese territory in Karafuto. By developing their networks, the merchants had established the Port of Niigata and the markets between Vladivostok and Karafuto as part of a direct regular voyage in the Japan Sea. Niigata Prefecture expected its team to obtain information about economic conditions in these regions. This study clarifies that the inspection team was dispatched by Niigata Prefecture as part of its regional policy in 1907. Niigata Prefecture’s proposed regional framework, “The Sea of Japan Rim Regions,” was similar to the Japanese Imperial Region, in which colonial areas were set up around the Japanese Islands. The author considers the political framework that existed in the Sea of Japan Rim Region near Niigata Prefecture as part of “petit Japanese imperialism” after the Russo-Japanese War.

著者

Elena Yu. NOVENKO Elena M. VOLKOVA

出版者

The Association of Japanese Geographers

雑誌

Geographical review of Japan series B (ISSN:18834396)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.2, pp.91-98, 2015 (Released:2015-07-04)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

3

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The paper discusses the new results of vegetation and climate reconstructions based on pollen data from the area of the forest-steppe ecotone area in the central part of European Russia (the Upper Don River basin). The obtained evidence shows he occurrence of open forest-steppe and steppe landscape in the studied area during the Middle and Late Holocene. Climatic reconstructions using the best-modern-analogue (BMA) technique show that landscape dynamics in the region were driven by changes in effective moisture: an excess of precipitation over evaporation. The reductions in annual precipitation in 50–100 mm were sufficient to increase the share of steppe communities in the complex landscape (in time periods 7000–6000, 2500–1700 cal yr BP) and, probably, higher frequencies of wildfires. Signals of anthropogenic disturbance of vegetation are clearly pronounced in the pollen and plant macrofossil records since the middle Atlantic. However, human-induced changes in the vegetation remained subtle until the medieval period.

著者

MATSUNAGA Kohei

出版者

The Association of Japanese Geographers

雑誌

Geographical review of Japan series B (ISSN:18834396)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.2, pp.99-102, 2015 (Released:2015-07-04)

参考文献数

6

---

The Chinese Loess Plateau experiences the most severe soil erosion in the world, induced by the destruction of natural vegetation for cultivation. To stop soil erosion, in 1999 the Chinese government began an intensive afforestation program named Grain-for-Green-Policy in order to convert steep cultivated land to forest and grassland. Balancing afforestation with grain production and water use is crucial for obtaining sustainable effects of soil conservation. This study assessed the current balance among afforestation, grain production, and water use in river basins on the Chinese Loess Plateau. Annual afforested area, planted area of grain fields, precipitation, and irrigated area in these river basins were compared based on the data collected from the statistical yearbooks of the Yan’an City. River discharge and sediment yield in the areas were compared based on data collected from the Annual Report on Chinese Soil Conservation. The evapotranspiration rates of the main crops cultivated in each river basin were also compared. Collectively, the data suggest that the balance between afforestation, grain production, and water use has been improved by the Grain-for-Green-Policy in the river basins on the Chinese Loess Plateau.

著者

SASAKI Natsuki SUGAI Toshihiko

出版者

The Association of Japanese Geographers

雑誌

Geographical review of Japan series B (ISSN:18834396)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.2, pp.103-114, 2015 (Released:2015-07-04)

参考文献数

41

被引用文献数

2 7

---

This study examines geomorphological controls on the distribution and development of wetlands in the Hachimantai Volcanic Group, northeastern Japan. The study area is dissected by various sizes of landslides and has many wetlands of varied origin. Among 526 wetlands in the study area, 195 are on landslides and account for 63.9% of the total area of wetlands. Wetlands outside of landslides tend to be found in clusters on undissected volcanic surfaces. Many of these are small wetlands in nivation hollows that are supplied by meteoric water from snow, and some of them are ponds in the craters of Hachimantai volcano and large peat bogs on lava flows. Wetlands inside landslides are widely scattered in large or deep depressions along landslide scarps and in small depressions among pressure ridges. Many of these are ponds supplied mainly by groundwater. Large landslides tend to have ponds. On the larger landslides, depressions created by landslide processes provide favorable conditions for the development of wetlands, and their size is constrained by the microtopography of the landslide surface. When drainage channels that dissect landslide bodies breach these closed depressions, the wetlands there progress rapidly from ponds to peat bogs. Landslide activities can create wetlands of various ages, and the dissection of landslide bodies controls the developmental stages of these wetlands. Therefore, a large landslide may contain coexisting wetlands of various ages and types.

著者

NAGUMO Naoko SUGAI Toshihiko KUBO Sumiko

出版者

The Association of Japanese Geographers

雑誌

Geographical review of Japan series B (ISSN:18834396)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.2, pp.115-121, 2015 (Released:2015-07-04)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

3 5

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Tributaries of Lake Tonle Sap in the Lower Mekong Basin are strongly influenced by seasonal changes of water level in Lake Tonle Sap and discharge of the Mekong River. The aim of this research was to gain a better understanding of the fluvial geomorphology of the Stung Sen River, a tributary of Lake Tonle Sap. We used stereopairs of aerial photographs and satellite images to identify the microtopography of the floodplain and riverbed, and field surveys to observe bankside topography and deposits. We recognized four types of channel bar in the lower Stung Seng River: lateral bars (type A), point bars (type B), concave-bank benches (type C), and diagonal and island bars (type D). Type A appears to have a complementary relationship with type D. In some instances types A and D bars transition to type B bars and, in rare instances, into type C bars. These changes are probably related to channel sinuosity and changes in the volume of transported sediment. Sediment transport and construction of the channel bars appears to be controlled by shifts of the flow regime of the Stung Sen River related to differences in the rate of water level rise in the river compared to those in Lake Tonle Sap. The riverine environment differs greatly from that of the floodplain, where sediment is deposited from suspension during periods of inundation.

著者

Alexander OLCHEV Gode GRAVENHORST

出版者

The Association of Japanese Geographers

雑誌

Geographical review of Japan series B (ISSN:18834396)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.2, pp.122-130, 2015 (Released:2015-07-04)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

1 1

---

The possible changes of Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) of CO2 and evapotranspiration (E) of a tropical rain forest due to climate change are described using a process-based CO2/H2O exchange model (Mixfor-SVAT). Projections of future climate conditions are provided by a global ECHAM5 model for the Special Report on Emission Scenarios (SRES) A1B. As a key region for this study, the tropical rain forest situated in Lore-Lindu National park in Central Sulawesi in Indonesia was selected. Results of the modeling experiments showed a very high sensitivity of NEE and E of this tropical rain forest to both the projected climate changes and the possible reduction of nutrients in plants due to the impact of gradually elevated CO2 in the air and depletion of soil nutrient resources. Under optimal conditions for carbon assimilation and biomass production, i.e. when the CO2 increase in the air is strictly balanced with nutrient supply, the projected climate changes will lead to increase of Gross Primary Production (GPP) by 21.3%, insignificant change of annual NEE and decrease of E by 18%. The ratio of E and precipitation, which determines the surface moisture conditions, decreases by 29.9% (from 0.78 to 0.55). It can lead to increases of soil wetness, ground water level and surface runoff in the study area in future. Limited nutrient supply can significantly reduce GPP, NEE and E. In particular the decrease of nutrient supply of about 20% can completely offset the possible GPP increase due to projected increases of temperature and CO2 concentration in the air.

著者

INGXAY Phanxay HIROTA Isao YOKOYAMA Satoshi

出版者

The Association of Japanese Geographers

雑誌

Geographical review of Japan series B (ISSN:18834396)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.2, pp.131-145, 2015 (Released:2015-07-04)

参考文献数

44

被引用文献数

1 5

---

This study examines the effects of a climate event on livelihood assets of households in upland northern Laos, when the early onset of the rainy season as a result of climate change led to a failure to burn swidden systems. A Sustainable Livelihoods Framework is applied to estimate rural livelihood assets associated with differences in climate conditions, such as the 2010 normal climate and the 2011 climate event, and to compare household strategies in each climate condition. The findings indicate that natural capital had the highest index value in the 2010 normal climate, whereas human capital had the highest value in the 2011 climate event. Financial capital had the lowest index in both climate conditions. Residents at the research site were better off in terms of natural capital but worse off in terms of financial capital. This indicates that the government and other rural development agencies should not only manage natural resources; income-generation activities are also needed. We conclude that natural resources, as well as non-timber forest product (NTFP) gathering and off-farm activity, were the most important strategies for the entire research site under the normal climate condition. NTFP gathering and outside work are important in meeting subsistence needs and augmenting income levels in households when the rainy season begins early as a result of climate change. Outside employment was an additional strategy in households to achieve their livelihood goals, including food security and household income generation, under conditions of economic change and climate events.

著者

WUZHATI Yeerken LIU Hui LIU Weidong

出版者

The Association of Japanese Geographers

雑誌

Geographical review of Japan series B (ISSN:18834396)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.1, pp.27-40, 2014-08-29 (Released:2014-10-03)

参考文献数

12

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Since the 21st century, driven by the oil trade, Kazakhstan’s economy and its society have developed rapidly. The population loss caused by the collapse of the Soviet Union has now been mitigated and there is a steady movement towards expansion of the population scale. However, environment pollution and resource scarcity weight heavily on survival in some regions. Thus, the aim of this research is to analyze the distribution, and the spatial evolution of population in Kazakhstan since the 21st century. Analysis based on the research reveals that the population of Kazakhstan demonstrates a decreasing pattern which evolves from outside to inside, from east to west. The largest population group is mainly distributed in the southern and southeastern areas, especially along the west side of the Tianshan mountain. Also, the urban population remains high in central Kazakstan but low in north and south of the state. Another finding of this research is a clearly differentiated distribution in Kazakhstan. In the final section, this article analyzes characteristics in areas of natural environment, economic development and national policy system are discussed.

著者

NORITO Takashi KONNO Ena

出版者

The Association of Japanese Geographers

雑誌

Geographical review of Japan series B (ISSN:18834396)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.1, pp.41-46, 2014-08-29 (Released:2014-10-03)

参考文献数

3

被引用文献数

2 2

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The 8th Japan-Korea-China Joint Conference on Geography was held from July 31 to August 5, 2013, mainly at the Hakozaki campus of Kyushu University with 144 participants in attendance. This article provides a detailed account of the conference.

著者

ITO Rui SATOMURA Takehiko TAKEMI Tetsuya

出版者

The Association of Japanese Geographers

雑誌

Geographical review of Japan series B (ISSN:18834396)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.1, pp.65-73, 2014-08-29 (Released:2014-10-03)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

2

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In order to reveal the relationships between physical-geographical conditions and temperature rises in cities, the dependence of the rate of surface air temperature rise on urban surface cover was compared for different physical-geographical conditions for cities in Japan. The monthly mean temperatures observed in 74 sites selected to fulfill specific criteria from 1964 to 2011 and land use data categorized into 11 types, at 100 m spatial resolution, including buildings and roads, were used. The rate of the monthly mean of the daily mean temperature rise for the coastal sites has a positive correlation with the distance from the coastline. The rate of temperature rise was found to be positively correlated with an urban cover index for the coastal observation sites within 7 km from the coastline, and for the sites including the coastal sites more than 7 km away from the coastline and the inland sites. The change in the rate of temperature rise with respect to the urban cover index is higher for the inland sites than for the coastal sites within 7 km of the coast. The largest difference in the rates is shown in winter. The rate of temperature rise at sites more than 7 km away from the coast is similar to those at inland sites. The study has implications for predicting future changes in cities and the greater vulnerability of inland cities to enhanced warming.

著者

MORI Masato

出版者

The Association of Japanese Geographers

雑誌

Geographical review of Japan series B (ISSN:18834396)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.2, pp.74-75, 2015 (Released:2015-07-04)

参考文献数

4

著者

Doreen MASSEY

出版者

The Association of Japanese Geographers

雑誌

Geographical review of Japan series B (ISSN:18834396)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.2, pp.76-79, 2015 (Released:2015-07-04)