著者

高峰 修

出版者

日本スポーツとジェンダー学会

雑誌

スポーツとジェンダー研究 (ISSN:13482157)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, pp.146-168, 2016 (Released:2017-04-25)

参考文献数

4

著者

大勝 志津穂

出版者

日本スポーツとジェンダー学会

雑誌

スポーツとジェンダー研究 (ISSN:13482157)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, pp.8-18, 2021 (Released:2021-10-09)

参考文献数

10

---

This study explores the changes in the exercising and sports of individuals before and after COVID-19 through a secondary analysis of data from “National Survey on the Effects of COVID-19 on Sports and Physical Activities” conducted by the Sasakawa Sports Foundation’s. This study particularly focuses on gender and on living with or without children to examine changes in the rates and frequencies for exercising and sports. This study also examines the relations between the changes in the use of time in daily lives and state of mind, and the level of involvement in exercising and sports. The analysis demonstrates that women are more adversely affected than men in the practice rates and frequencies of exercising and sports. Regarding the changes in the use of time in daily life and the state of mind, women are more affected than men. In particular, women who live with children are more affected than men living with or without children, or women who live without children. The rates of exercising and sports of those who experienced changes in their use of time decreased among those who “spend less time on housework, childcare or elderly care,” “spend less time alone,” “spend less leisure time,” and “spend more time with their family members.” By gender, the women’s exercising and sports rates decreased more than men. Regarding the changes in exercising and sports of those who experienced changes in their state of mind showed a more significant decrease among women than men in many survey items, regardless of experiencing negative or positive changes. The government and related organizations also need to further investigate the current situation and consider measures to enable all people to be involved in exercising and sports by when the COVID-19 pandemic is under control.

著者

來田 享子

出版者

日本スポーツとジェンダー学会

雑誌

スポーツとジェンダー研究 (ISSN:13482157)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.165-168, 2015

著者

跡見 順子

出版者

日本スポーツとジェンダー学会

雑誌

スポーツとジェンダー研究 (ISSN:13482157)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, pp.57-77, 2020 (Released:2020-09-30)

参考文献数

55

---

Although Japan has become a super-aging society and the average life expectancy is increasing, the difference from healthy life expectancy is 3.5 years for women. I suffered from knee osteoarthritis, which is common in women, but now I am serious about physiotherapy, a habit that makes my trunk and joints move properly, and I am able to learn better movements than before. We believe that the practice of treatment for the past two months and the maintenance of the state of health to date are models of measures for a super-aging society. That is the importance of knowledge based on facts such as the cell life science that he has learned, the scientific background that created the difference between animals and humans, the mechanism of acquiring adaptive capacity of cells, and 'exercise is an approach to the body where our cells live' and is a new definition and practice of physical education. The origin of this idea is in the writings of practitioners and researchers of feminism and gender studies, 'Body and Ourselves' and 'The Posthuman'. Physical education requires the creation of a program that can be explained in words in science and that its rationality can be understood even through actual physical experience. For the first time, I believe that learners can use them in daily practice. This paper is the first step in redefining the 'life' that emerged on the earth and the person who lives that life from a gender perspective, and leading to the creation of a new human science fused with humanities.

著者

小玉 重夫

出版者

日本スポーツとジェンダー学会

雑誌

スポーツとジェンダー研究 (ISSN:13482157)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, pp.130-136, 2014 (Released:2017-04-28)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

1

著者

石田 依子

出版者

日本スポーツとジェンダー学会

雑誌

スポーツとジェンダー研究 (ISSN:13482157)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.169-179, 2015

---

"Gender equality" has been a critical issue among some ideas of equality, as well as "racial equality," and has long been pursued through our modern history. It could be said that "Gender Studies," which has been actively explored since the latter part of the 20th century, is trying to reach its destination these days. Analysis and recognition of human existence not only from a viewpoint of racial idea as ever but from of gender idea mean that more extensive research about human diversity has become to put in practice. It is no exaggeration to say that in our modern society we cannot understand a wealth of human existence without a viewpoint of gender idea. Therefore gender idea has become an active area of academic research so that we in this society feel a much greater sense of equality than any humans in history, in which there was no such thing as "equality." In our daily life, however, actually do we have a mature sense of proportion for "equality"?It is possible to say that sexual difference between male and female become pronounced especially in sports fields. Most sport events are played separately by sex, which means men and women are never the same in their physical forces. But some cannot separate the sexes, whose best examples are motorsports. The reason simply comes from the fact that there are few female racing drivers so that race events could not be done in separating the sexes.This paper presents an analysis of the gendered bodies in motorsports, especially a sexual minority driver as well as females. A concrete sample here is Terri Leigh O"Connell, who is a former racing driver for NASCAR in the USA. She was born as an intersex individual, not feeling like man although being raised as a male, resulting from having a sex reassignment surgery in 1994. I conducted research about the receptivity for her and her own experiences in the field, showing the results in this paper. And a final purpose of this paper is to argue that how gender difference between the sexes is primordially recognized in motorsports field.

著者

藤原 直子

出版者

日本スポーツとジェンダー学会

雑誌

スポーツとジェンダー研究 (ISSN:13482157)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, pp.135-137, 2018 (Released:2018-12-29)

著者

入江 恵子

出版者

日本スポーツとジェンダー学会

雑誌

スポーツとジェンダー研究 (ISSN:13482157)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.148-158, 2015

---

Modern yoga in Japan specializes in certain factors after having experienced three booms in its popularity, including the tendencies of feminization, consumer culture, fashion, medicine, and spirituality. Specifically, feminization is an outstanding characteristic of yoga in Japan as some yoga studios will only permit females to participate. On the other hand, yoga in Japan excludes a religious and/or philosophical element, which is present in yoga practice in other countries. As such, this paper examines how Japanese yoga has been feminized through the elimination of religious factors. For this purpose, this study analyzed the article, autobiographies, and data from the fieldwork. This study found that incidents of religious cults in Japan once damaged the whole yoga community so severely that most yoga studios were banned as a result. One yogi decided to focus on the female population in order to eradicate the stigma attached to yoga, and the social background of "spiritual culture" and "consumer culture" assisted in his arbitrary decision. Finally, the images and the way that yoga is "consumed" in Japan reflect the gender norms of today. Modern yoga in Japan places importance on "healing/relaxing" for beauty, and never mentions enhancing sexual ability like in other countries.

著者

飯田 貴子 藤山 新 來田 享子 風間 孝 藤原 直子 吉川 康夫

出版者

日本スポーツとジェンダー学会

雑誌

スポーツとジェンダー研究 (ISSN:13482157)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, pp.20-35, 2018 (Released:2018-12-29)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

1

---

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationships between the knowledge about sexual minorities and gender views, homophobia, transphobia and the sense of value for sport. The participants were 2,763 college students who were in the departments related to physical education or sports in Japan at the time of study (male students: 1,493, female students: 1,270). The questions regarding sexual minorities were created by authors. The four scales used in this study include: gender views (the Short-form of the Scale of Egalitarian Sex Role Attitudes: Suzuki, 1994); homophobia (the Index of Homophobia: Hudson & Ricketts, 1980); transphobia (the Transphobia Scale: Bornstein, 1998); and the sense of value for sport (the Psychosocial Functions of Sport Scale: Spreitzer & Snyder, 1975). The result shows that those who gave more correct answers to the questions concerning the knowledge about sexual minorities tend to hold more egalitarian beliefs on gender equality. They also tend to be less homophobic and transphobic. Those students, both female and male, who had more correct knowledge about sexual orientation and biological sex tend to be significantly less homophobic and transphobic. Therefore, the result suggests that having the knowledge about the diversity of sexual orientation and biological sex is a crucial factor for the better understanding of LGBT. On the other hand, those who gave more wrong answers to the questions concerning the knowledge about sexual orientation and biological sex tend to have stronger sense of value for sport. This tendency of prejudice was more salient among male participants. The correlation between a support of sexual binary system and a stronger sense of value for sport showed in this study requires further examination.

著者

山口 理恵子

出版者

日本スポーツとジェンダー学会

雑誌

スポーツとジェンダー研究 (ISSN:13482157)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, pp.138-146, 2014 (Released:2017-04-28)

参考文献数

13

著者

海妻 径子

出版者

日本スポーツとジェンダー学会

雑誌

スポーツとジェンダー研究 (ISSN:13482157)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, pp.43-46, 2019 (Released:2019-09-06)

参考文献数

24

著者

掛水 通子

出版者

日本スポーツとジェンダー学会

雑誌

スポーツとジェンダー研究 (ISSN:13482157)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, pp.4-5, 2017 (Released:2017-12-10)

参考文献数

5

著者

木村 華織

出版者

日本スポーツとジェンダー学会

雑誌

スポーツとジェンダー研究 (ISSN:13482157)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.39-55, 2015 (Released:2017-04-14)

参考文献数

35

---

This study aims to clarify how women’s swimming became widespread at the dawn of women’s sports in Japan, by focusing on the systematization of women’s swimming. When the constitution of the Japan Amateur Swimming Federation (JASF) was revised in 1932, a women’s committee was established, while the Japan Women’s Amateur Swimming Federation (JWASF) was already in existence. Establishment of the Women’s Committee in the JASF was intended to integrate swimming organizations for men and women. The primary historical materials used for this investigation were the periodicals ‘Swimming’ (1930-1939) and ‘Swimming Regulations’ (1925-1939), both published by the JASF. The following three issues are examined: 1) The position of women’s swimming in the JASF from the perspective of its constitution. 2) The background to establishment of the Women’s Committee in the JASF. 3) The changes resulting from establishment of the Women’s Committee. The results of this paper are summarized as follows: The JWASF, which was managed by former female athletes and its members played a significant role in the process of organizing women’s swimming in Japan. When the JWASF was established, the JASF already had the rights to dispatch delegates and to recognize official records of female athletes. After 1932, the JASF changed its working policy to promote swimming by men and women of all ages nationwide. Following this policy, the Women’s Committee in JASF was established. The members of the Women’s Committee were all women. The JASF made a commitment to improve female athletes’ performance and promote women’s swimming. The JASF held competitions, training camps, and training sessions under the leadership of former female athletes. The establishment of the Women’s Committee gave many women the opportunity to serve as organizers and coaches. This study shows that the systematization of women’s swimming in Japan was led by former female athletes.

著者

小石原 美保

出版者

日本スポーツとジェンダー学会

雑誌

スポーツとジェンダー研究 (ISSN:13482157)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, pp.4-18, 2014

---

In the 1920s, sports were recognized as modern culture and rapidly became popular among female students through school extracurricular activities. Representations of sporting females began to appear in the monthly girls' magazines of this era as protagonists of sports-related fiction or real female athletes who took part in school matches or international athletic meets in non-fiction articles and journalistic reports with photos. The purpose of this study is to examine some representations and gender norms of "Sporting girls" by focusing on descriptions and visual images from "Shoujo Kurabu", which was one of the most popular girls' magazines during the 1920s and 1930s. The results of this study are summarized as follows:1. When "Shoujo Kurabu" was published starting in 1923, the sports boom among female students had already started, so we can see various reading material and visual images concerning sports appeared in the magazine from an early time.2. (1) Visual images of female athletic bodies on front covers of "Shoujo Kurabu" reflect the developing process of typical representations of "sporting girls" in the initial stage of female sports participation.(2) From the representations of "sporting girls" on photo pages in the June issue of 1934, we find that society expected female athletic bodies to adhere to the social norms of traditional femininity including modesty and restraint when engaging in sports.(3) From readings about round-table talk discussions with female student athletes in the May issue of 1935, we can find that the traditional gender norms were rewritten by males, applying a sporting spirit that encourages female students to have high morals including diligence as well as decency and politeness in their behavior. The magazine seems to have contributed to the construction, promotion and cultivation of a new gender norm of the "sporting girl".

著者

斎藤 文彦

出版者

日本スポーツとジェンダー学会

雑誌

スポーツとジェンダー研究 (ISSN:13482157)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, pp.151-152, 2014

著者

掛水 通子 阿江 美恵子 宮本 乙女 芹澤 康子

出版者

日本スポーツとジェンダー学会

雑誌

スポーツとジェンダー研究 (ISSN:13482157)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, pp.72-73, 2017

著者

阿部 潔

出版者

日本スポーツとジェンダー学会

雑誌

スポーツとジェンダー研究 (ISSN:13482157)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, pp.85-87, 2017 (Released:2017-12-10)

著者

飯田 貴子

出版者

日本スポーツとジェンダー学会

雑誌

スポーツとジェンダー研究

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, pp.63-69, 2017

著者

掛水 通子 阿江 美恵子 宮本 乙女 芹澤 康子

出版者

日本スポーツとジェンダー学会

雑誌

スポーツとジェンダー研究 (ISSN:13482157)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, pp.72-73, 2017 (Released:2017-12-10)

著者

白井 久明

出版者

日本スポーツとジェンダー学会

雑誌

スポーツとジェンダー研究 (ISSN:13482157)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, pp.88-89, 2017 (Released:2017-12-10)

参考文献数

5