著者

下村 裕子 徳本 廣子 関田 節子 佐竹 元吉 徳川 斉正 徳川 眞木 合田 幸広

出版者

日本生薬学会

雑誌

生薬學雜誌 : shoyakugaku zasshi : the Japanese journal of pharmacognosy (ISSN:13499114)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.2, pp.41-58, 2013-08-20

参考文献数

79

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The gallipot found as the heirloom of the Mito-Tokugawa family has the unclear label "Usaien" and contains a small amount of dry black preparation. It is historically clear that Ieyasu Tokugawa, who was the founder of the Edo Shogunate, used it. Fortunately, the "Korean Wazaikyokuho", which was a formulary of natural medicines, has been found as one of the valuable possessions of Kunozan Toshogu, where Ieyasu Tokugawa is enshrined and the formulary contains the "Usaien" formula. It is of interest to reveal the components of the preparation from the viewpoints of historiography and pharmacognosy. Therefore, by utilizing the "Usaien" formula as a clue, we started microscopic analyses to reveal the crude drug components of the historical dry black preparation. First we found this preparation contained a lot of pollens which were thought to be of multiple origins. This indicated the preparation was a kind of honey paste. Furthermore, the successive analyses on the basis of the morphological characteristics of elements of the crude drugs led to the identification of 52 crude drugs (herbal origins: 35, animal origins: 14 and minerals: 3) as the components. The reference formula in the "Korean Wazaikyokuho" consisted of 58 crude drugs and of them 2 volatile ones, 2 sarcous ones, mercury and calomel have remained unidentified, because of difficulty of confirmation by microscopic analyses or insufficient information the origin of their crude drugs. Since most of the crude drug components of the "Usaien" formula were identified in the dry black preparation, we thought the shogun, Ieyasu Tokugawa, used the formula for his health care.

著者

Miyazaki,Sena

出版者

日本生薬学会

雑誌

生薬學雜誌 : shoyakugaku zasshi : the Japanese journal of pharmacognosy

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.2, 2014-08-20

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Kaempferide (1), kaempferide 3-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside (2), kaempferol 3-O-β-D-glucuronopyranoside (3) and (Z)-3-hexen-l-ol-β-D-glucopyranoside (4) were isolated from the aerial parts and kaempferide (1), kaempferol 3-O-methyl ether (5) and adenosine (6) were isolated from the rhizomes of Roscoea purpurea Sm. (Family: Zingiberaceae). All these compounds were isolated for the first time from this plant.

著者

大西 真里子 渡邉 尚子 岡村 勝正 村田 和也 野口 和真 松田 秀秋

出版者

日本生薬学会

雑誌

生薬學雜誌 : shoyakugaku zasshi : the Japanese journal of pharmacognosy (ISSN:13499114)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.2, pp.71-76, 2012-08-20

参考文献数

20

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Alopecia areata is one of the most common forms of alopecia and an effective treatment strategy has long been wanted. Several studies have shown that interferon-γ (IFN-γ) is implicated in the pathogenesis of alopecia areata. In this manuscript, we report on an in vitro screening method based on the restoration of cell proliferation against the cell growth inhibition induced by IFN-γ. The proliferation of the human squamous-cell-carcinoma cell line DJM-1 was suppressed by treatment of IFN-γ and the cytotoxicity was ameliorated by anti-human IFN-γ antibody. From the screening of ten extracts prepared from crude drugs related to treatments of alopecia and thermal burn, the extract of dried leaves of Ginkgo biloba (GB-ext) showed the most potent activity at 60.5% of inhibition at 100μg/mL among the samples tested. Furthermore, the seasonal transition manner of the rescue activities of GB-ext was investigated to reveal that the activity increased as the leaves grew. Surprisingly, the fallen leaves showed most potent activity. In addition, a preliminary experiment on the mechanism of the activity was performed using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction to demonstrate that GB-ext samples suppressed the expression of mRNA for HLA-DRA. These results suggest that the leaves of G. biloba can be a candidate material for the treatment of alopecia areata and the development of an effective screening method was achieved. The identification of the active principle and further investigation on the mechanism of the rescue activity are now underway.

著者

荒金,眞佐子

出版者

日本生薬学会

雑誌

生薬學雜誌 : shoyakugaku zasshi : the Japanese journal of pharmacognosy

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.2, 2008-08-20

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This study identified that the plant origin of Harmala seeds was Peganum harmala L. by cultivation of seeds in the package. Peganum harmara was glabrous, perennial herbaceous 30-60 cm. Hairless. Leaves were alternate, deeply and irregulary pinnatisect, with widths of 1.5-3 mm, and a disagreeable odor when rumpled. Opposite to leaves were solitary white flowers with green veins. Capsules 7-10 mm. Angular brownish seeds bearing alveolate structure on surface and the longer axis x the minor axis : 2.9-3.3 mm x 1.5-1.8 mm. Peganum harmala contained harmine and harmaline, members of the beta-carboline chemical class; both are potent reversible inhibitors of the enzyme monoamine oxidase (MAO). Harmine ranged 27.2-105.9 mg/g while harmaline ranged 55.8-119.2 mg/g in the seeds, and harmine ranged 27.5-34.4 mg/g while harmaline range 0.4-0.5 mg/g in the roots. When we judge the Harmala seeds used as abuse drugs, it is necessary to confirm the following: the dimensions of the longer axis and the minor axis, the brown to blackish brown color, the triangular shape, the small concave structure appearance observable with a substance microscope or a scanning electron microscope, and harmine and harmaline analysis by TLC or HPLC.

著者

鈴木 幸子 福田 達男 荒金 眞佐子 吉澤 政夫 森本 陽治 安田 一郎 伊田 喜光

出版者

日本生薬学会

雑誌

生薬學雜誌 : shoyakugaku zasshi : the Japanese journal of pharmacognosy

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.1, pp.28-31, 2006

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In order to realize the cultivation of Asiasarum sieboldii from the seed, the growth condition of the embryos and germination conditions of the seeds were studied. Although the embryos of the seeds soon after harvest were immature and undifferentiated, they grew to differentiate into cotyledons and radicles during storage in wet sand at room temperature, and germinated with rooting 120 days after harvest. The optimum temperatures for growth of the embryos and the germination of the seeds were shown to be 15-20℃, whereas more than 90% success rate was obtained in about 60 days on the germination test in petri dishes. On the other hand, the optimum temperature for seedling emergence is thought to be 8-10℃, since the germinated seeds planted in a sowing bed sprouted in the early spring after lower temperature in winter.

著者

鈴木,幸子

出版者

日本生薬学会

雑誌

生薬學雜誌 : shoyakugaku zasshi : the Japanese journal of pharmacognosy

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.1, 2006-02-20

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In order to realize the cultivation of Asiasarum sieboldii from the seed, the growth condition of the embryos and germination conditions of the seeds were studied. Although the embryos of the seeds soon after harvest were immature and undifferentiated, they grew to differentiate into cotyledons and radicles during storage in wet sand at room temperature, and germinated with rooting 120 days after harvest. The optimum temperatures for growth of the embryos and the germination of the seeds were shown to be 15-20℃, whereas more than 90% success rate was obtained in about 60 days on the germination test in petri dishes. On the other hand, the optimum temperature for seedling emergence is thought to be 8-10℃, since the germinated seeds planted in a sowing bed sprouted in the early spring after lower temperature in winter.

著者

平田,規子

出版者

日本生薬学会

雑誌

生薬學雜誌 : shoyakugaku zasshi : the Japanese journal of pharmacognosy

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.2, 2008-08-20

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On the basis of a literature search on classical Chinese herbal and medicinal books and recent Chinese medical and pharmaceutical journals, I selected several crude drugs which have been used for the treatment of alopecia, thermal burn, benign prostatic hyperplasia, tonics, and dandruff prevention. Testosterone 5α-reductase inhibitory activity of the selected crude drugs and other randomly selected crude drugs was assayed to find novel agents for treatment of androgenic alopecia. The ethanolic solutions of Schisandra chinensis BAlLLON (五味子), Spatholobus suberectus DUNN (鶏血藤), Polygonum bistorta L. (拳参), Lygodium japonicum (THUBN.) Sw. (海金砂), Psoralea corylifolia L. (補骨脂), Myrica rubra SIEB. et ZUCC. (揚梅皮), Cornus officinalis SIEB. et ZUCC. (山茱萸), and Paeonia suffruticosa ANDR. (牡丹皮) showed strong inhibition of the enzyme activity.

著者

山口,茂治

出版者

日本生薬学会

雑誌

生薬學雜誌 : shoyakugaku zasshi : the Japanese journal of pharmacognosy

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.1, 2011-02-20

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We investigated agrochemicals which were actually being used for cultivation of Citrus Unshiu peels in 5 prefectures in China. As a result, varieties of agrochemicals were found at each cultivating farm. Therefore, we further conducted a test for residual pesticides on Citrus Unshiu peels from 4 cultivating districts in China. Although a number of pesticide residues was detected, their amounts were one-fourth or less of their maximum residual limits in spices under the Japan Food Sanitation Law.