著者

岩間 剛一

出版者

石油技術協会

雑誌

石油技術協会誌 (ISSN:03709868)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.2, pp.128-134, 2009 (Released:2011-02-22)

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The year 2008 was the historical and memorable year from the view of crude oil prices. Skyrocketing oil prices resulted from the following reasons. The first reason is the rapid economic growth in BRICs such as China and India. The second reason is rebirth of nationalism in major oil producing countries. The third reason is financial capitalism of crude oil future market. Now, the major players in NYMEX (New York Mercantile Exchange) are financial institutions, hedge funds and commodity index funds. The movement of crude oil prices depends on sentimental factors such as crude oil stock level and nuclear weapon development in Iran. On July 11 2008, crude oil prices reached recorded 147.27 dollars per barrel. And then, crude oil prices fell rapidly to 30 dollars per barrel after the bankrupt of the famous investment bank. I think neither 150 dollars per barrel nor 30 dollars per barrel are adequate prices which reflected the fundamental of world demand and supply of crude oil. The excessive fluctuation of crude oil prices gives the great damage to all consumers and companies. The future of world economy depends upon the success of green new deal policy of the United States.

著者

大野 陽太郎

出版者

石油技術協会

雑誌

石油技術協会誌 (ISSN:03709868)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.2, pp.187-195, 2005 (Released:2007-06-01)

参考文献数

14

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Dimethyl Ether (DME) is a clean and economical alternative fuel which can be produced from various resources as natural gas, coal or biomass through synthesis gas. The properties of DME are similar to those of LPG and it can be used for various fields ; power generation fuel, transportation fuel, home fuel, etc.An innovative process of direct synthesis of DME from synthesis gas has been developed. Newly developed catalyst in a slurry phase reactor gave a high conversion and high selectivity of DME. After pilot scale plant (5 tons/day) testing, demonstration plant (100 tons/day) testing has been successfully carried out since 2002 with the Japanese government support. Various utilization technologies for DME have been developed and feasibility studies of DME Fuel Chain (Production, transportation and utilization) indicate that DME is competitive to conventional fuels. Commercialization projects of DME fuel are underway.

著者

加藤 進

出版者

石油技術協会

雑誌

石油技術協会誌 (ISSN:03709868)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.83, no.3, pp.214-219, 2018-07-17 (Released:2021-01-09)

参考文献数

22

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An outline of geological and geographical survey of oil fields in Japan from 1876 to 1879 is described.This survey was conducted by Lyman and his pupils as the first scientific geological survey for petroleum exploration in Japan. Contents and results of the survey are summarized using published papers.

著者

戸谷 裕造 藤崎 恭功

出版者

石油技術協会

雑誌

石油技術協会誌 (ISSN:03709868)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.77, no.2, pp.105-113, 2012 (Released:2014-03-29)

参考文献数

1

被引用文献数

1

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Iwaki-Oki Gas field which operated by OIP (Offshore Iwaki Petroleum Co., Ltd.) located at Pacific Ocean of Naraha-Chou offing. OIP started natural gas production from 1984, and finished operation at end of July 2007. After finishing operation, OIP needed decommissioning work of Iwaki-Oki Platform, and started study for it from 2004. This study consisted with several engineering, several preparation works of Platform decommissioning, procurement of HLV (Heavy Lift Vessel) and discussion with related governments.OIP carried out deconstruction work for Platform decommissioning from December 2009 to July 2010. This deconstruction work included topside removal and Jacket toppling. Topside removal is dividing topside on Jacket into 16 blocks, lifting them by HLV respectively, and moving to a working table ship by HLV. And, Jacket was cut in depth-sounding the part of 92.5 meters, and was performing toppling.One of key works of this deconstruction was subsea-cutting, and this key work was Jacket legs and main piles cutting by ROV (Remotely Operated Vehicle). In Japan, it was first case to use ROV for subsea-cutting. Another one was unique work, and it was made use of Jacket leg buoyancy for Jacket toppling.This Platform decommissioning was completed by the time necessary for completion about 10 working days shorter than a plan. This work was also no-disaster.

著者

藤堂 三郎

出版者

石油技術協会

雑誌

石油技術協会誌 (ISSN:03709868)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.5, pp.175-180, 1962-09-30 (Released:2008-12-25)

著者

井上 寛生

出版者

石油技術協会

雑誌

石油技術協会誌 (ISSN:03709868)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.2, pp.183-189, 1983 (Released:2008-06-30)

著者

河井 興三

出版者

石油技術協会

雑誌

石油技術協会誌 (ISSN:03709868)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.5, pp.212-266, 1961-06-30 (Released:2008-03-27)

参考文献数

199

被引用文献数

8 5

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The Southern Kanto "dissolved-in-water type" gas-producing region, which covers Chiba prefecture, a part of Tokyo, Kanagawa, Ibaraki and Saitama prefectures, is one of the largest gas-producing regions in Japan. The methane gas from the region has no geological relation to petroleum or coal. Stratigraphically most of the gas-producing horizons in the region are restricted to the marine Kazusa group of Pliocene to Pleistocene in age. (Here, the Kazusa group denotes all the formations between the Kurotaki unconformity and the top of the Kasamori formation.) The natural gas is concentrated in a basin-like structure of the Kazusa group, being mostly dissolved in connate brine water. It can be considered that the natural gas in the Kazusa group, at least the greater portion of it, is indigenous to the group. Roughly speaking, the natural gas potentiality is highest in the southern part of the Kujukuri district, and very low both in the western half of the area of distribution of the group and in the Kisarazu-Goi district.Judging from the geologic conditions during the deposition of the Kazusa group, such as lithofacies, depositional environments, and the modes of sedimentation of the group, the natural gas in the group was generated in the greatest quantities in the deep open-sea bottom where much argillaceous sediments were rapidly deposited. A considerable part of the gas thus generated has migrated into the porous layers in the group; however, since the time of the deposition of the group the gas has always behaved under the strong influence of the movements of the groundwater, that is, gravitative percolation of meteoric water into the strata, and compaction current in the strata. And, the movements of the groundwater have corresponded exactly to the changes in the pressure distribution of the water, which have been caused by sedimentation, deformation of the strata, and changes in paleogeography of the Kanto region ever since. Thus, the present modes of occurrence and the distribution of the natural gas in the Kazusa group can be clearly explained from the geologic conditions during the deposition of the group, and from the geohistorical factors which have more influentially controlled since the time of the deposition of the group than the former.

著者

ナバレット マイク ウィリアムス ケン ダステルホフト ロン

出版者

石油技術協会

雑誌

石油技術協会誌 (ISSN:03709868)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.77, no.5, pp.336-341, 2012-09-01

参考文献数

2

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近年の開発は, オペレーターに非在来型の貯留層から効率的かつ改善された環境プロフィルで炭化水素の生産を可能にしている。総体的なアプローチは, 水平坑井を掘削し, 水圧破砕を行うことによって, 根源岩貯留層の中に存在しているガスを開発してきた。根源岩貯留層の分析は, 根源岩が生産可能性を持つために十分な有機炭素と成熟度を持っている場所を特定するのに役立つ。岩石が堆積したときの条件は, 有機炭素と根源岩貯留層の豊かさを決定する。成熟度は, 堆積以来の地質状態と温度履歴に依存する。<br>これらの条件に会うプレイエリアを識別するために, 1Dモデリングと解析のマッピングを使用することができる。生産可能性に加えて,根源岩貯留層は水圧破砕を保持し, フラクチャリング作業が終了まで開いたままに保てるのに十分な厚さと脆さを必要とする。地下で岩石が複雑に褶曲していたり,断層があってはならない。この複雑さは, 長い水平坑井の掘削に障害を起こす。

著者

兼子 勝 本島 公司

出版者

石油技術協会

雑誌

石油技術協会誌 (ISSN:03709868)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.4, pp.219-226, 1951-07-30 (Released:2008-03-27)

著者

矢津 修示

出版者

石油技術協会

雑誌

石油技術協会誌 (ISSN:03709868)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.3, pp.245-255, 1986 (Released:2008-03-27)

参考文献数

4

著者

前田 啓彰

出版者

石油技術協会

雑誌

石油技術協会誌 (ISSN:03709868)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.5, pp.346-354, 2017

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<p>There are three types of offshore drilling rigs: Drillship, Semi-submersible, Jack-up rig.</p><p>As the generation of rig progressed, the operating water depth had deepened and consequently the ability of drilling equipment, redundancy and on-board capacity, had been enhanced.</p><p>The technological evolution of drilling rig made the hull and drilling equipment greater in size, which enabled deeper operation and that also led to considerable improvement in performance of major drilling equipment.</p><p>Looking back the progress of element technology in the past, we'll look into the latest specifications as of now and predict the rig of the future.</p>

著者

廣岡 伸幸 芦田 讓 佐々 宏一

出版者

石油技術協会

雑誌

石油技術協会誌 (ISSN:03709868)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.3, pp.237-244, 1993

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In the present paper, the algorithm for automatic picking of seismic reflection on seismograms is proposed.<br>The procedure of proposed algorithm is as follows.<br>1. The seismograms are transformed to the maximum amplitude seismograms which contain the amplitudes on both all peaks and all troughs.<br>2. The time to start the picking of reflection is assigned on each trace in the maximum amplitude seismograms.<br>3. A lateral continuity search between the traces on seismograms is carried out by use of amplitude ratio, cross-correlation coefficients and semblance across the traces in order to define reflection segments.<br>4. Each segment is classified into grades according to magnitude of amplitude and length of segment.<br>5. If necessary, after some kinds of scaling are applied to all segments for decreasing the segments to be plotted, the segments are displayed to make cross-section.<br>Judging from the results in model studies of the synthetic seismograms and the output from velocity analysis in which this algorithm was applied, it was concluded that the picking of seismic reflection on seismograms was carried out with enough accuracy.

著者

前田 啓彰

出版者

石油技術協会

雑誌

石油技術協会誌 (ISSN:03709868)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.5, pp.346-354, 2017 (Released:2019-05-15)

参考文献数

11

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There are three types of offshore drilling rigs: Drillship, Semi-submersible, Jack-up rig.As the generation of rig progressed, the operating water depth had deepened and consequently the ability of drilling equipment, redundancy and on-board capacity, had been enhanced.The technological evolution of drilling rig made the hull and drilling equipment greater in size, which enabled deeper operation and that also led to considerable improvement in performance of major drilling equipment.Looking back the progress of element technology in the past, we'll look into the latest specifications as of now and predict the rig of the future.

著者

野神 隆之

出版者

石油技術協会

雑誌

石油技術協会誌 (ISSN:03709868)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.2, pp.122-130, 2010 (Released:2012-03-01)

参考文献数

6

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In recent years, private oil and gas companies have to deal with various obstacles. Those include oil and gas prices volutilities, procurement delays and cost surges of material and equipment, human resource shortages, so called resource nationalism, and severe competition with national oil and gas companies. Some private companies are focusing on deepwater exploration and development, natural gas exploration and development with liquefaction (LNG) plants and unconventional oil and gas such as oil sands and shale gas, which need high level of technologies as well as know-how other than oil and gas exploration and development, such as liquefaction and marketing. However, private oil and gas companies might have to step further, since some national oil and gas companies tend to be aggressive to catch up private oil and gas companies in some areas such as deepwater, which could make competition even severer.

著者

井上 正澄 吉野 博厚 江口 孝夫 山科 起行 佐久間 広展

出版者

石油技術協会

雑誌

石油技術協会誌 (ISSN:03709868)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.1, pp.60-73, 2015 (Released:2017-05-10)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

1

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The endowment, resources, reserves and production capacity of oil are estimated by global oil generation, field size distribution, discovery process and decline curve analyses. The historical fluctuation of oil price is almost explained by the excess production capacity over actual consumption, which is verified by the vector autoregression analysis. These results combined with economics described by energy consumption lead to a construction of an endogenous dynamic model, which successfully replicates the historical cyclic fluctuation of production and price, and can be used to analyze the evolution of energy resources.

著者

岡村 行信

出版者

石油技術協会

雑誌

石油技術協会誌 (ISSN:03709868)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.1, pp.40-47, 2000

被引用文献数

10

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The eastern margin of the Japan Sea has rifted in the early Miocene. Then it hascompressed during the late Pliocene through the Quaternary. This change of stress caused basininversion along the margin, but the inversion structures vary mainly due to difference of therifting structures. In this paper, three types of basin inversion were defined. Type A basininversion is characterized by simple inversion of half grabens. Miocene normal faults reactivatedas reverse faults and the whole grabens have been uplifted. Many basin inversions of this typehave been widely formed in the Sado Ridge and Mogami Trough in the southern part of theeastern margin of the Japan Sea, to the west of the Tohoku Arc. Type B basin inversion isdefined by anticlinoriums in the major rift basins along the coastal zone of the Tohoku arc. Therifts have been partly uplifted by reverse faults and asymmetric anticlines, suggesting that partsof the extensional faults in the rifts have reactivated. Type C basin inversion forms the OkushiriRidge which continues in the N-S direction along the eastern margin of the Japan Basin to thewest of Hokkaido. It is not clear that the ridge has overprinted on the preexisting extensionalfaults. Reverse faults in the three types of basin inversion are accompanied by asymmetricanticlines or anticlinoriums. The profiles of the anticlines suggest that hinges of the anticlineshave been fixed during the growth of the anticlines. These structure and growth pattern of theanticlines can be explained by listric reverse faults and detachments at 10-20km in depth. Thegeologic structure related with extensional tectonics are generally obscure due to the lack ofpre-rift sedimentary sequences and extensive activity of volcanism in the rifting stage.Consequentry, it is difficult to clarify the relationship of the major fault systems between theextensional and compressional stages.

著者

豊崎 昌男

出版者

石油技術協会

雑誌

石油技術協会誌 (ISSN:03709868)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.2, pp.134-142, 2008 (Released:2008-11-14)

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The main way for natural gas transportation is pipeline all over the world. However there are some remote areas from LNG terminal where pipeline investment is too expensive to supply natural gas. For these areas, as an alternative means, LNG has been moved in Liquids by tank trucks since 1970 in Japan, so called LNG satellite system.This presentation introduces Japex's LNG satellite system including tank truck and tank container railway operation in Niigata and the small scale liquefaction plant in Hokkaido.

著者

岩田 尊夫 平井 明夫 稲場 土誌典 平野 真史

出版者

石油技術協会

雑誌

石油技術協会誌 (ISSN:03709868)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.1, pp.62-71, 2002 (Released:2015-06-05)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

13 22

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The Offshore Joban Basin, which constitutes the southern-most part of the forearc basins located along the Pacific coast of the northeast Japan, extends about 170 km in NNE-SSW direction with 50 km width. The Upper Cretaceous and younger sediments distribute widely with maximum thickness of more than 5,000 meters. The Iwaki-oki gas field located in the Offshore Joban Basin, which is the only commercial offshore gas field in the Pacific Ocean off northeast Japan, has been producing gas since 1984. The Paleogene and Maastrichtian coals and coaly mudstones, deposited in a confined basin along continental margin, are the most likely source rocks of the gas. The basin modeling simulation in the basin depo-center west of the gas field estimates present vitrinite reflectance (Ro) values at the source rock horizon to be in the range from 1.0 to 1.3%. The simulation also indicates that maturation of the source rocks were accelerated by rapid subsidence since Miocene, and that peak gas generation and expulsion occurred during middle Pliocene. Therefore, the basin depo-center is considered as the kitchen area. Main reservoirs are the shallow marine sandstones intercalated in the Lower Miocene and the basal part of the Oligocene. The former is the producing reservoir of the Iwaki-oki gas field. Both sandstones are sealed by the extensive and thick mudstones. Primary hydrocarbon traps are NNE-SSW trending anticlines, which were formed before Middle Miocene. These anticlines are cut by NNE-SSW trending faults at their flanks. As the reservoir sandstones are about 2,000 meters vertically apart from the source rocks in the kitchen area, it is considered that expelled hydrocarbon migrated vertically through faults. Although forearc basins are not generally considered to be prospective for hydrocarbon exploration, there could be relatively good hydrocarbon system existing as shown above in the Offshore Joban Basin.

著者

高沖 達也

出版者

石油技術協会

雑誌

石油技術協会誌 (ISSN:03709868)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.2, pp.158-163, 2008 (Released:2008-11-14)

被引用文献数

1 1

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Traditionally, natural gas is transported by pipelines or by ships as liquefied natural gas (LNG). Because of large costs of liquefaction plants and carriers for natural gas, LNG transportation system has been applied only to very large gas fields. For meeting the increasing demand and stable supply of natural gas, small and medium size gas fields need to be utilized. To enable the utilization of small and medium size gas fields, it is necessary to develop another transportation system for natural gas, with lower initial costs.Gas hydrate is a crystalline solid which consists of gas molecules each surrounded by a cage of water molecules. Use of gas-hydrates for transportation of natural gas was first proposed by Gudmundsson et al. (Norway) in 1996. The temperature of natural gas hydrate (NGH) through transportation remains higher than that of liquefied natural gas (LNG), and accordingly, transportation of NGH is expectably more flexible in terms of its facilities and equipments. NGH can be a medium for natural gas transportation for comparatively small gas fields to which LNG transportation system is not economically applicable.The development of the NGH transportation system started in year 2001. This paper outlines the system and results of current study.

著者

平野 弘道 安藤 寿男

出版者

石油技術協会

雑誌

石油技術協会誌 (ISSN:03709868)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.3, pp.305-315, 2006-05-01

参考文献数

63

被引用文献数

2 2

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Thirty years passed since the Cretaceous Oceanic Anoxic Events were proposed by Schlanger and Jenkyns (1976). Three events, OAE1 to 3 were recognized at the beginning of the research. Nowadays, however, OAE1 is subdivided into four subevents, OAE1a, b, c, and d. The OAE1b subevent is further subdivided into three components, Jacob, Paquier, and Leenhardt. The existence of Mid-Cenomanian Event (MCE) between OAE1d and OAE2 is drawing attentions of world scientists. A concise review of the researches on these events and subevents is followed by more detailed descriptions of the synonymy (local names), geographic distribution, age, stable carbon isotope fluctuations, extinction and/or radiation of fossils, major synchronous events, characteristics including the duration and the types of kerogen, and their causal factors. It is recognized that all OAEs do not have the same causal factor. The western part of the Tethys and the narrower early Atlantic were rather closed basins, where anoxic to dysoxic conditions easily occurred through the stratification of water column by run off, like the Sapropel event 1 in the Holocene Mediterranean Sea. The Cretaceous global OAEs may have occurred either by the stagnation of the deep water associated with the global warming or by propagation of marine organisms. Due to a large amount of input of terrestrial siliciclasitics, the regional influence of OAEs in the Japanese Cretaceous strata may differ from that of the Tethyan/Atlantic region, even if the occurrence of OAEs is ocean wide or globally synchronous.