著者

Michihisa KOYAMA Seiichiro KIMURA Yasunori KIKUCHI Takao NAKAGAKI Kenshi ITAOKA

出版者

公益社団法人 化学工学会

雑誌

JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN (ISSN:00219592)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.13we345, (Released:2014-06-26)

被引用文献数

6 28

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It has been an important target to realize a sustainable energy usage in the future, regardless of the country. Japan is now compelled to consider a new paradigm of energy policy due to the nuclear power plant failures after March 11, 2011. To discuss the ideal or a favorable future of Japan’s energy, understanding the present status as well as the available energy options in the future will be an initial step, followed by discussion of the issues related to each option. The aim of this article is to summarize the present status of Japan’s energy systems and to clarify the major points of discussions for the realization of future sustainable energy systems. In addition, the major options of both energy supply and demand sides are summarized. The issues for realizing the future energy systems are discussed from the large-scale penetration of renewable systems, the demand side energy management and savings, the mobility, and the centralized electricity grid viewpoints, to provide a common basis for the discussion of future energy systems in Japan.

著者

Seok Young Lee Jun-Hyung Ryu In-Beum Lee

出版者

The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan

雑誌

JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN (ISSN:00219592)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.1, pp.51-60, 2022-01-20 (Released:2022-01-20)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

1

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This study used process simulation to assess the overall economic feasibility of a hydrogen energy system involving a power-to-ammonia process as a transportation energy source. While the relevant individual processes for the overall energy system have already been used in the chemical industry, it is financially important to approach them in a holistic simulation framework. According to the proposed simulation, the ammonia and hydrogen production costs were 288.3 $/t and 5.43–6.13 $/kg, respectively. The results could motivate further studies on accelerating the implementation of renewable energy systems to mitigate climate change.

著者

Kazuki Akamatsu Keigo Imamura Shin-ichi Nakao Xiao-lin Wang

出版者

The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan

雑誌

JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN (ISSN:00219592)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.8, pp.255-261, 2022-08-20 (Released:2022-08-20)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

1

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We developed a membrane reactor integrating dimethoxydimethylsilane (DMDMS)-derived hydrogen-selective silica membranes with Rh/Al2O3 catalysts and produced high-purity hydrogen from simulated biogas by operating the reactor under pressure on the reaction side while maintaining ambient pressure and excluding sweep gas that has often been used on the permeate side. We investigated changes in the performance of the DMDMS-derived membrane when exposed to pressurized hydrothermal conditions. The results indicated that pressure had a nonnegligible effect on membrane performance and led to a more severe decline in hydrogen permeance compared with exposure under similar hydrothermal conditions but at 0.1 MPa pressure. Although the performance of the DMDMS-derived membrane decreased, we developed a membrane reactor and operated it for hydrogen production. For the various pressures (0.6–1.0 MPa) and temperatures (500–600°C) tested, the conversions exceeded those in the packed-bed reactor, and high hydrogen purity was achieved without the use of sweep gas. Specifically, 55% conversion with 94% hydrogen purity was achieved when the membrane reactor was operated at 0.6 MPa and 600°C.

著者

Xiaoyu Zhang Kentaro Yamano Ririko Hayashida Manabu Tanaka Takayuki Watanabe

出版者

The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan

雑誌

JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN (ISSN:00219592)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.1, pp.22-28, 2022-01-20 (Released:2022-01-20)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

2

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Induction thermal plasma is applied to prepare carbon coated silicon nanoparticles as the anode materials of a battery and the effect of methane injection methods is investigated. Silicon nanoparticles are fabricated as main products and show spherical morphologies with an average diameter of around 50 nm. The unfavorable formation of SiC, which is a byproduct and limits the practical capacity of batteries, can be identified when the methane injection position is near to plasma torch. An amorphous hydrogenated carbon coating is synthesized successfully instead of pure carbon materials. The CH4 injection position can determine the decomposition temperature of methane as well as the concentration of released H atoms. Consequently, the properties of prepared carbon coatings, including the sp2 ratio and H content, are tunable with injection positions through the etching effect of hydrogen atoms. These results are significant for the synthesis of silicon nanoparticles with carbon coating and the design of lithium ion batteries with higher energy density.

著者

Shigeru Sugiyama Kenji Wakisaka Kenta Imanishi Masashi Kurashina Naohiro Shimoda Masahiro Katoh Jhy-Chern Liu

出版者

The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan

雑誌

JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN (ISSN:00219592)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.9, pp.778-782, 2019-09-20 (Released:2019-09-20)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

9

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To obtain calcium phosphates—a phosphate rock equivalent—from the incineration ash of chicken manure, which is obtained from power generation systems that use the manure as fuel, the incineration ash was treated with an aqueous solution of nitric acid to elute phosphorus. By using 0.3 M HNO3, most of the phosphorus could be eluted from 1.0 g of ash within 0.1 h. Unlike in the case of composted chicken manure which was previously examined in our laboratory, the concentration of HNO3 was increased for elution from the incineration ash. The use of incineration ash of chicken manure enabled the removal of inorganic species at a lower boiling or sublimation temperature, and organic species by calcination in the power generation system. The phosphorus contents of the incineration ash and nitric acid extract were higher than that of composted chicken manure. XRD analysis showed that the treatment of the obtained nitric acid extract with aqueous NH3 yielded a precipitate of poorly-crystallized calcium hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2), which is one of the main components of phosphate rock. To confirm the formation and purity of calcium phosphate species, precipitation calcination was conducted at 1,078 K for 5 h. XRD analysis revealed that the calcined solid was tricalcium phosphate, and no contamination was evident. These results reveal that a phosphate rock equivalent could be easily obtained from the incineration ash of chicken manure, which implies that approximately 14% of the phosphate rock that is currently being imported into Japan could be replaced by this product.

著者

Koji Inagaki Yoshiyuki Yamashita

出版者

The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan

雑誌

JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN (ISSN:00219592)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.2, pp.136-141, 2017-02-20 (Released:2017-02-20)

参考文献数

10

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Simulated moving-bed chromatography (SMBC) separation of a solution containing three different saccharides was investigated by real-time, inline monitoring of the concentration of each saccharide with Fourier transform near-infrared spectroscopy (FT-NIRS). We built partial least squares (PLS) regression models to estimate the saccharide concentrations based on preprocessed spectral data in the wavenumber range 6,100–5,440 cm−1 that excludes the water absorption band. To verify the calibration model, we performed separation of the raw material solution of the test set using SMBC, and confirmed that the predicted concentration of each saccharide from the calibration model corresponds well with the actual measured concentration of each saccharide obtained by HPLC. The collection range can be adjusted online using the monitoring values in order to maximize the purity and yield of the target saccharides.

著者

Kazuhisa Sato Chouji Fukuhara Toshikuni Yonemoto Teiriki Tadaki

出版者

公益社団法人 化学工学会

雑誌

JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN (ISSN:00219592)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.1, pp.81-87, 1991 (Released:2006-03-20)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

11 11

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Ionic transport in a continuous Donnan dialyzer with a parallel-plate channel and an agitated tank was studied for a bi-ionic exchange system. A theoretical model of the system was formulated on the basis of diffusion equations in terms of diffusion, migration and convection of each ion. Theoretical solutions were obtained by numerical calculations using a finite-difference technique. Simultaneously, continuous Donnan dialytic experiments were conducted for the K+–H+ exchange system with a cation-exchange membrane. The validity of this model was confirmed by comparison with experimental results for mean dialytic rates. The numerical calculation also provided distributions of ionic concentrations and the electric potential in the parallel-plate channel. An effectiveness factor was introduced to discuss the proportion of the mass transfer resistance in the membrane phase to the overall mass transfer resistance. The influence of Reynolds number and channel height on the mean dialytic rates and the effectiveness factor was also examined.

著者

Shigeru Sugiyama Akihiko Koizumi Takahisa Iwaki Naohiro Shimoda Yuki Kato Wataru Ninomiya

出版者

The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan

雑誌

JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN (ISSN:00219592)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.9, pp.290-299, 2022-09-20 (Released:2022-09-20)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

2

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The dehydrogenation of isobutane to isobutene was accomplished using a NiO/γ-Al2O3 catalyst. Furthermore, significant improvement in the time-on-stream yield of isobutene was achieved. During the normal catalytic dehydrogenation of alkanes, the catalyst is covered by carbon deposition generated during the reaction, which significantly reduces the activity with time-on-stream. Therefore, no examples of the catalytic dehydrogenation of isobutane have yet been reported. This study used either ethane or propane as a source of isobutane to examine whether the activity was improved with time-on-stream. As a result, in the dehydrogenations of both ethane and propane on a NiO/γ-Al2O3 catalyst, the catalytic activity decreased with time-on-stream when the supporting amount of NiO was small. In contrast, when the supporting amount of NiO was large, the catalytic activity improved with time-on-stream. Using a NiO/γ-Al2O3 catalyst with small and large NiO loadings led to similar results to those of isobutane dehydrogenation. In addition, it was confirmed that the dehydrogenation activity was improved with time-on-stream in the catalytic dehydrogenations of ethane, propane, and isobutane using high NiO loadings. The behavior using a moderate amount of NiO loading, which was not detected in the dehydrogenation of isobutane, was also observed, which resulted in a maximum yield of either ethylene or propylene at 2.0 or 3.25 h on-stream, respectively. We concluded that the reason the catalytic activity did not improve with time-on-stream when using a NiO/γ-Al2O3 catalyst was because the supporting amount of NiO was negligible. These results demonstrate that the activity with time-on-stream could also be improved in the dehydrogenations of other alkanes.

著者

Stoyan Nedeltchev Jakub Katerla Ewelina Basiak

出版者

The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan

雑誌

JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN (ISSN:00219592)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.5, pp.201-216, 2022-05-20 (Released:2022-05-21)

参考文献数

131

被引用文献数

2

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New, reliable, and innovative methods (the new hybrid index (NHI) and the information index (II)) for flow regime (FR) identification in bubble columns (BCs) operated with air–deionized water or nitrogen–tap water systems (at ambient conditions), as well as nitrogen–ethanol systems (at pressures of 0.1 and 0.3 MPa) systems have been successfully developed. New parameters extract useful hidden information from time series measurements by division of various signals (gas holdup, differential pressure (DP) and gauge pressure fluctuations) into different equal parts. Salient advantage of the new parameters is that their definitions are not based on any assumption.Based on the local minima in the NHI profile extracted from gas holdup time series, two transition gas velocities Utrans at 0.032 and 0.046 m/s have been identified in an air–deionized water BC (0.1 m in ID). The NHI profile based on DP fluctuations in a nitrogen–tap water BC (0.102 m in ID) distinguishes similar Utrans values at 0.029 m/s and 0.047 m/s. In a nitrogen–ethanol system at ambient pressure, the NHI identifies only the first Utrans value at Ug=0.028 m/s. At elevated pressure (0.3 MPa), it has been found that this first Utrans value shifts to a higher Ug value (0.045 m/s). In the annularly aerated BC (operated with an air-deionized water system), the main transition velocities have been identified at Ug=0.026 m/s and 0.073–0.079 m/s (depending on the clear liquid height), respectively, based on the newly defined II profile.In summary, this work presents novel and reliable methods for FR identification in several BCs and reports new, useful experimental results about the FR boundaries based on them.

著者

Masakuni Matsuoka Kohei Danzuka

出版者

The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan

雑誌

JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN (ISSN:00219592)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.6, pp.393-399, 2009-06-20 (Released:2009-06-20)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

1 4

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To demonstrate the effect of mechanochemical processing on solid-state recrystallization, four inorganic salts of NaCl, KCl, NaBr and KBr were selected on the basis of a literature survey and crystallographic data, and their binary mixtures were ground with a planetary ball mill. X-ray powder diffraction patterns of the ground particles were analyzed, showing either formation of solid solutions and exchange reactions as well as no changes occurring due to grinding. The binary systems of NaCl–NaBr and KCl–KBr resulted in the formation of complete solid solutions, while the NaBr–KCl system exhibited the exchange reaction so that the final XRD patterns were exactly the same as those of NaCl–KBr. Additional experiments with salt mixtures containing NaBr and KCl showed the occurrence of the exchange reactions and simultaneous formation of solid solutions. From these observations, mechanochemical processing was found to be effective to cause several types of solid-state recrystallization at the atomic level.

著者

Xinhai Wang Xiaogai Lv Ben Zhang Bin Xu Ying Xu

出版者

The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan

雑誌

JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN (ISSN:00219592)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.6, pp.506-510, 2015 (Released:2015-06-20)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

2 3

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Polyaspartic acid/diethylenetriamine (PASP/DETA) graft copolymer was synthesized by urea, maleic anhydride and diethylenetriamine and its performance was evaluated by the static scale inhibition method. Due to the intramolecular hydrogen bonds of the side chains, the seven-member heterocycles were formed in graft copolymers. The results showed that the graft copolymers possessed improved scale inhibition performance against Ca3(PO4)2 compared with PASP. The scale inhibition efficiency was close to 100% against Ca3(PO4)2 and CaCO3, when the concentration of PASP/DETA was 15 mg/L and 6 mg/L, respectively. Meanwhile, its scale inhibition performance was studied in different solution pH and temperature. The CaCO3 and Ca3(PO4)2 crystal turned into irregular shapes with the introduction of PASP/DETA in the solution, which was observed by scanning electron microscopy.

著者

Akihiro Yamasaki

出版者

The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan

雑誌

JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN (ISSN:00219592)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.4, pp.361-375, 2003 (Released:2004-02-21)

参考文献数

114

被引用文献数

244 292

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CO2 mitigation options have been overviewed from an engineering point of view. There have been proposed a number of mitigation options, which can be divided into three categories; 1. reduction of energy intensity; 2. reduction of carbon intensity; 3. carbon sequestration. In this review paper, various mitigation options are reviewed focusing on the carbon sequestration options.A reduction in energy intensity is essentially an energy saving. A reduction in carbon intensity could be achieved by switching to energy resources with lower carbon contents. Based on the 2001 IPCC report, the mitigation potential related to energy intensity is estimated at 1, 900–2, 600 Mt-C/year in 2010, and 3, 600–5, 050 Mt-C/year in 2020, including other greenhouse gas equivalents. There are additional benefits in implementing these options; they are economically beneficial, and have no associated harmful effects. The carbon sequestration options can be divided into two categories; the enhancement of the natural sinking rates of CO2, and a direct discharge of anthropogenic CO2. The relevant sequestration options in the first category include terrestrial sequestration by vegetation, ocean sequestration by fertilization, and an enhancement of the rock weathering process. In the direct discharge options, the CO2 produced from large point sources, such as thermal power stations, would be captured and separated, then transported and injected either into the ocean or underground. Although the sequestration options are less beneficial in terms of cost per unit CO2 reduction compared to other options, technical developments in sequestration options are necessary for the following reasons; 1. A huge potential capacity for carbon sequestration, 2. carbon sequestration enables a continuous use of fossil fuels, which is unavoidable at the moment, before switching to renewable energy sources. Each sequestration option has advantages and disadvantages in terms of capacity, cost, the time scale of the sequestration, the stability of sequestered CO2, and additional environmental impacts, which depend on the location, time, and amount of sequestration. Thus, reliable evaluations of the mitigation efficiency are essential for each sequestration option upon implementation.

著者

Kazumasa Oshima Masataka Sakamoto Kazumasa Morita Kenichi Kon Ken-ichi Shimizu Tsuyoshi Yamamoto Masahiro Kishida Shigeo Satokawa

出版者

The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan

雑誌

JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN (ISSN:00219592)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.7, pp.243-247, 2022-07-20 (Released:2022-07-20)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

2

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The effective utilization of carbon fibers recovered during the thermal decomposition recycling of carbon-fiber-reinforced plastic (CFRP) was investigated. Carbon fibers have a uniform diameter and a suitable size for the use as a combustion catalyst for particulate matter (PM). Thus, in this study, carbon fibers were used as a template to synthesize hollow-form LaNiO3 perovskite-type oxide via the precursor accumulation method. The calcination temperature was lowered by the internal heat supply from the combustion of the carbon template. Hollow-form LaNiO3 exhibited the same chemical properties as LaNiO3 prepared via the common sol–gel method. The morphology of the hollow form decreased the bulk density of the catalyst, resulting in enhanced contact with PM and, consequently, high PM combustion efficiency.

著者

Weetara Boontham Xinyu Zhang Hiroaki Habaki Ryuichi Egashira

出版者

The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan

雑誌

JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN (ISSN:00219592)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.4, pp.181-187, 2022-04-20 (Released:2022-04-20)

参考文献数

27

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The main aim of this study is to remove lignin, which is one of the main colored substance in palm oil mill effluent (POME), by adsorption using activated carbon prepared from palm kernel shell (PKSAC) for POME decolorization in Thailand’s palm industry. First, PKSAC was prepared by a chemical activation method using orthophosphoric acid and the effects of treatment conditions on yield and characteristic of PKSAC were studied. With lower treatment temperature, the yield and specific surface area of PKSAC became higher, and PKSAC with high yield (0.8 at highest) and surface area (1,400×103 m2 kg-AC−1 at highest) could be obtained without extreme elevation of treatment temperature. Second, batch equilibrium adsorption of the model POME containing lignin was conducted using the prepared PKSAC to study the adsorption performance of PKSAC. The obtained PKSAC could effectively adsorb and remove lignin in model POME (fractional removal of 0.4 at highest). The adsorption followed the Langmuir equation and the saturated adsorbed amount was correlated with the specific surface area of PKSAC. Subsequently, the feasibility of PKSAC utilization for POME treatment was discussed by a simple material balance in the palm oil production process based on the yield and adsorption performance of PKSAC obtained in the above experiments. The amount of obtained PKSAC was much larger than that necessary for the removal of all lignin in POME in the process. Consequently, the treatment of POME by PKSAC was proposed as a feasible method to remove lignin for POME decolorization in Thailand’s palm industry.

著者

Hiromasa Kaneko Kimito Funatsu

出版者

The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan

雑誌

JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN (ISSN:00219592)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.6, pp.422-429, 2017-06-20 (Released:2017-06-20)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

1 2

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Multivariate statistical process control (MSPC) is important for monitoring multiple process variables and their relationships while controlling chemical and industrial plants efficiently and stably. Although many MSPC methods have been developed to improve the accuracy of fault detection, noise in the operating data, such as measurement noise and sensor noise, conceals important variations in process variables. This noise makes it difficult to recognize process states, but has not been fully considered in traditional MSPC methods. In this study, to improve the process state recognition performance, we apply several smoothing methods to each process variable. The best smoothing method and its hyperparameters are selected based on the normal distribution and variation of the reduced noise. Through case studies using numerical data and dynamic simulation data from a virtual plant, it is confirmed that the fault detection and identification accuracy are improved using the proposed method, which leads to enhanced state recognition performance.

著者

Athira S. Madhavikutty Seiichi Ohta Arvind K. Singh Chandel Pan Qi Taichi Ito

出版者

The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan

雑誌

JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN (ISSN:00219592)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.9, pp.500-511, 2021-09-20 (Released:2021-09-20)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

8

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Yield stress fluids, which show reversible gel–sol transition and a decrease in viscosity via shear, are expected for endoscopic applications. However, quantitative analyses of such fluids, including pressure drop during endoscopic catheter delivery and post-delivery dripping, have not yet been conducted from a chemical engineering perspective. In this study, we fabricated an equipment setup comprising an endoscopic catheter and a model gastrointestinal (GI) duct to which different concentrations of three model yield stress fluids, specifically, laponite (LAP), Carbopol (CP), and xanthan gum (XG), were applied and compared. We clarified the tradeoff between the pressure drop through the catheter and dripping on the GI duct model. In terms of operability, LAP performed better than CP and XG. The effect of gravity on dripping, which is greatly affected by the position of a patient, was discussed. Finally, the relationship between the operability and rheological properties such as viscosity, yield stress, and restructuring time of the three materials were quantitatively studied.

著者

Guo Yu Sakurai Makoto Kameyama Hideo MATSUYAMA AKIRA KUDOH YASUSHI

出版者

公益社団法人 化学工学会

雑誌

Journal of chemical engineering of Japan (ISSN:00219592)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.12, pp.1470-1479, 2003-12-01

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

16 41

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A novel metallic monolith support was prepared by anodization, HWT (hot water treatment) and calcination. A commercial aluminum plate was anodized to form porous alumina films in the outer surfaces of the aluminum plate. In contrast to the anhydrous and amorphous alumina formed after anodization, the alumina in the anodized film with HWT was boehmite. The calcination after HWT made the boehmite film lose its hydrate water and rearrange into <I>&gamma;</I>-alumina. The HWT and calcination significantly enhanced the surface area of the support due to the formation of numerous micropores (radius <25 &Aring;). These new micropores were superimposed on the original skeleton structure to make up a binary-pore structure.<BR>The activities of Cu-Mn-CeO<SUB>x</SUB>/Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>/Al and Pt/Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>/Al alumite catalysts for the SCR-HC of NO by propene were investigated under oxygen-rich conditions. At low temperatures, Pt/Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>/Al exhibited a higher activity for NO<SUB>x</SUB> removal than Cu-Mn-CeO<SUB>x</SUB>/Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>/Al. However, a higher temperature (>623 K) made the activity of Pt/Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>/Al inferior to that of Cu-Mn-CeO<SUB>x</SUB>/Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>/Al. In comparison with Pt/Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>/Al, Cu-Mn-CeO<SUB>x</SUB>/Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>/Al had a lower N<SUB>2</SUB>O selectivity throughout the whole temperature range. The addition of SO<SUB>2</SUB> inhibited the activity of Pt/Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>/Al, and this activity decay was reversible. On the other hand, a dramatic promotional effect of SO<SUB>2</SUB> on reducing NO<SUB>x</SUB> was observed over Cu-Mn-CeO<SUB>x</SUB>/Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>/Al, but this influence of SO<SUB>2</SUB> on the activity was irreversible.

著者

Izumi Tsuboi Shigetami Kasai Eiichi Kunugita Isao Komasawa

出版者

The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan

雑誌

JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN (ISSN:00219592)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.1, pp.15-20, 1991 (Released:2006-03-20)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

20 27

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A process has been developed to recover gallium and vanadium from coal fly ash in which they exist at very low concentration in a mixture of high concentration of less desirable species. Aqueous solution containing 2.8 mg/l gallium and 35 mg/l vanadium was obtained by leaching with 1.5 mol/l sulfuric acid. These metals were then concentrated by use of a chelating resin column with a functional group of iminodiacetic type after reduction of ferric ion to ferrous ion and pH adjustment. the eluate was conditioned and passed again through the column. Gallium was concentrated to 4.0 g/l and vanadium to 26.0 g/l in the resulting eluate. This liquor was further treated to remove impurities by a solvent extraction technique, employing TOMAC and D2EHPA as extractants. Stripping solutions of 96.6% gallium purity and 94.8% vanadium purity were finally obtained.

著者

KENJI HASHIMOTO MUNEKI YAMADA YOSHIHITO SHIRAI SHUJI ADACHI

出版者

The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan

雑誌

JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN (ISSN:00219592)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.4, pp.405-410, 1987-08-20 (Released:2006-04-19)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

24 29

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Continuous glucose/NaCl separation was successfully performed by using a simulated moving-bed adsorber packed with ion-retardant resin. Two kinds of mathematical models, i.e. an intermittent moving-bed model and a continuous moving-bed model, were proposed to calculate concentration profiles in the adsorber where the adsorption isotherms of the first component (NaCl) and the second component (glucose) are represented respectively by the Langmuir equation and by a linear equation. The validity of the calculation methods proposed was experimentally confirmed.

著者

Tetsuya Yamamoto Takahisa Tatekawa Kunihiro Fukui Hideto Yoshida

出版者

The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan

雑誌

JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN (ISSN:00219592)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.6, pp.398-404, 2011-06-20 (Released:2011-06-20)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

5 5

---

The purpose of the present study was to enhance the classification performance of electrical field-flow fractionation (EFFF). In recent research by this group, the surface potential of silica particles treated with a bead mill displayed size dependency—smaller particles had a more negative zeta potential. This phenomenon and the EFFF system were used to classify the particles, with the bottom and top plates of the EFFF channel serving as negative and positive electrodes, respectively.In the present study, improvements to the EFFF channel were carried out to enhance classification accuracy. Walls of deionized water were utilized to prevent particles from contacting the electrodes. Because vertical electrophoresis led to the disturbance of particle trajectories in the channel by gravitational sedimentation, horizontal electrophoresis was applied. Furthermore, hydrodynamic force was induced in the channel creating differing linear velocities of the slurry and the water at the inlet. As a result, 200-nm particles could be classified at an applied voltage of 5 V with high accuracy when compared with the previous method that used vertical electrophoresis.