著者

Miwa Yamaguchi Yosuke Inoue Tomohiro Shinozaki Masashige Saito Daisuke Takagi Katsunori Kondo Naoki Kondo

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.10, pp.363-369, 2019-10-05 (Released:2019-10-05)

参考文献数

46

被引用文献数

39

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Background: This study aimed to examine the contextual effects of community-level social capital on the onset of depressive symptoms using a longitudinal study design.Methods: We used questionnaire data from the 2010 and 2013 waves of the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study that included 14,465 men and 14,600 women aged over 65 years from 295 communities. We also used data of a three-wave panel (2006–2010–2013) to test the robustness of the findings (n = 7,424). Using sex-stratified multilevel logistic regression, we investigated the lagged associations between three scales of baseline community social capital and the development of depressive symptoms.Results: Community civic participation was inversely associated with the onset of depressive symptoms (men: adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 0.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.88–0.99 and women: AOR 0.94; 95% CI, 0.88–0.997 per 1 standard deviation unit change in the score), while no such association was found in relation to the other two scales on social cohesion and reciprocity. This association was attenuated by the adjustment of individual responses to the civic participation component. Individual-level scores corresponding to all three community social capital components were significantly associated with lower risks for depressive symptoms. The results using the three-wave data set showed statistically less clear but similar associations.Conclusions: Promoting environment and services enhancing to community group participation might help mitigate the impact of late-life depression in an aging society.

著者

Shiho Amagasa Shigeru Inoue Hiroshi Murayama Takeo Fujiwara Hiroyuki Kikuchi Noritoshi Fukushima Masaki Machida Sebastien Chastin Neville Owen Yugo Shobugawa

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20190141, (Released:2019-10-26)

参考文献数

45

被引用文献数

22

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Background: Physical activity can help to protect against cognitive decline in older adults. However, little is known about the potential combined relationships of time spent in sedentary behavior (SB), light-intensity physical activity (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) with indices of cognitive health. We examined the cross-sectional associations of objectively-determined sedentary and physically-active behaviors with an indicator of cognitive function decline (CFD) in older adults.Methods: A randomly-recruited sample of 511 Japanese older adults (47% male; aged 65-84 years) wore a tri-axial accelerometer (HJA-750C, Omron) for seven consecutive days in 2017. Cognitive function was assessed by interviewers using the Japanese version of Mini-Mental State Examination, with a score of ≤23 indicating CFD. Associations of sedentary and physically-active behaviors with CFD were examined using a compositional logistic regression analysis based on isometric log-ratio transformations of time use, adjusting for potential confounders.Results: Forty one (9.4%) of the participants had an indication of CFD. Activity compositions differed significantly between CFD and normal cognitive function (NCF); the proportion of time spent in MVPA was 39.1% lower, relatively to the overall mean composition in those with CFD, and was 5.3% higher in those with NCF. There was a significant beneficial association of having a higher proportion of MVPA relative to other activities with CFD. LPA and SB were not associated with CFD when models were corrected for time spent in all activity behaviors.Conclusions: Larger relative contribution of MVPA was favorably associated with an indicator of CFD in older adults.

著者

Ayako Sumi Ken-ichi Kamo Norio Ohtomo Keiji Mise Nobumichi Kobayashi

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.1, pp.21-29, 2011-01-05 (Released:2011-01-05)

参考文献数

52

被引用文献数

15 24

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Background: Much effort has been expended on interpreting the mechanism of influenza epidemics, so as to better predict them. In addition to the obvious annual cycle of influenza epidemics, longer-term incidence patterns are present. These so-called interepidemic periods have long been a focus of epidemiology. However, there has been less investigation of the interepidemic period of influenza epidemics. In the present study, we used spectral analysis of influenza morbidity records to indentify the interepidemic period of influenza epidemics in Japan.Methods: We used time series data of the monthly incidence of influenza in Japan from January 1948 through December 1998. To evaluate the incidence data, we conducted maximum entropy method (MEM) spectral analysis, which is useful in investigating the periodicities of shorter time series, such as that of the incidence data used in the present study. We also conducted a segment time series analysis and obtained a 3-dimensional spectral array.Results: Based on the results of power spectral density (PSD) obtained from MEM spectral analysis, we identified 3 periodic modes as the interepidemic periods of the incidence data. Segment time series analysis revealed that the amount of amplitude of the interepidemic periods increased during the occurrence of influenza pandemics and decreased when vaccine programs were introduced.Conclusions: The findings suggest that the temporal behavior of the interepidemic periods of influenza epidemics is correlated with the magnitude of cross-reactive immune responses.

著者

Ulf Högberg Waney Squier Jacob Andersson Göran Högberg Vineta Fellman Ingemar Thiblin Knut Wester

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20190066, (Released:2019-06-08)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

3

著者

WAKAI Kenji NAITO Mariko NAITO Toru NAKAGAKI Haruo UMEMURA Osami YOKOTA Makoto HANADA Nobuhiro KAWAMURA Takashi

出版者

日本疫学会

雑誌

Journal of epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.2, pp.72-80, 2009-03-01

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

3 9

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<b>Background: </b>To examine the association between oral health and general well-being, we are currently conducting a nationwide cohort study comprising members of the Japan Dental Association (JDA). Herein, we describe the study design and the profile of the participants at baseline.<BR><b>Methods: </b>From 2001 through 2006, the participants completed a baseline questionnaire that surveyed factors related to lifestyle, general health, and oral health. Morbidity and mortality have been monitored by using information from fraternal insurance programs operated by prefectural dental associations. All respondents provided written, informed consent for participation and the use of their insurance data.<BR><b>Results: </b>A total of 21 272 JDA members participated in the baseline survey (response rate, 36.2%). Their mean age &plusmn; SD was 52.3 &plusmn; 12.3 years; 8.0% were women. Among the respondents, 30.2% of men and 10.7% of women were current smokers; 73.5% of men and 44.8% of women were current drinkers. The cohort scored higher on oral health indices than did the general Japanese population: dentists were more likely to brush their teeth &ge;3 times/day, to have &ge;20 teeth, to have fewer lost teeth, to be free from periodontal diseases, and to have higher General Oral Health Assessment Index scores. There was, however, considerable inter-individual variation in scores on the indices.<BR><b>Conclusions: </b>More than one-third of JDA members participated in the study. Their oral average health status was better than that of the general population. Nevertheless, it will be possible to compare morbidity and mortality between those with better and worse scores on oral health indices.

著者

Masumi Minowa Mei Jiamo

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.2, pp.75-80, 1996 (Released:2007-11-30)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

8 9

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In order to clarify the epidemiological features of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), a nationwide survey was conducted using the Japanese version of the CDC Criteria prepared by the CFS Research Group of Japan. All clinical departments of internal medicine, pediatrics, psychiatry and neurology at university hospitals and at ordinary hospitals with 200 or more beds were surveyed. Major results were as follows : (1) Period prevalence adjusted for response rate was 0.85 (0.63 for males and 1.02 for females) per 100, 000 population during the year 1992 ; (2) Based on the first and final dates of hospital visits, the prevalences on January 1 of 1992 and 1993 were 0.40 and 0.60 per 100, 000 population, respectively, suggesting an increasing trend ; (3) Reported new cases during 1992 were 301, and the response adjusted-incidence was estimated to be 0.46 per 100, 000 person-years ; (4) The proportion of post-infectious CFS cases was 14.8% for both sexes, and tended to be slightly higher among females than males, but was not related to age. Three clusterings of two cases were reported. J Epidemiol, 1996; 6:75- 80.

著者

Akira Fujiyoshi Katsuyuki Miura Takayoshi Ohkubo Naoko Miyagawa Yoshino Saito Itsuko Miyazawa Akihiko Shiino Aya Kadota Sayaka Kadowaki Takashi Hisamatsu Sayuki Torii Naoyuki Takashima Ikuo Tooyama Hirotsugu Ueshima

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20180258, (Released:2019-05-25)

参考文献数

46

被引用文献数

10

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Background: The association of proteinuria and reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) with cognition needs more clarification. We cross-sectionally examined whether proteinuria and reduced eGFR, even in moderate stages, were independently associated with lower cognition in a community-based sample of elderly men.Methods: Our cohort initially comprised 1,094 men aged 40-79 years from a random sample from Shiga, Japan in 2006-2008. Of 853 men who returned for the follow-up examination (2009-2014), we analyzed 561 who were ≥65 years, free of stroke, and completed the Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI) at follow-up. Higher CASI score (range 0 to 100) indicates better cognition. Proteinuria was assessed by dipstick. eGFR was calculated according to the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration Equation. Participants were divided into three groups either by eGFR (≥60, 59-40, and <40 mL/min/1.73 m2) or by proteinuria (no, trace, and positive), considered normal, moderate, and advanced, respectively. Using linear regression, we computed mean CASI score with simultaneous adjustment for proteinuria and eGFR in addition to other potential confounders.Results: Significant trends of lower cognition were observed across the groups of worse proteinuria and lower eGFR independently: multivariable-adjusted mean CASI scores were 90.1, 89.3, and 88.4 for proteinuria (Ptrend=0.029), and 90.0, 88.5, and 88.5 for eGFR (Ptrend=0.015) in mutual adjustment model.Conclusions: Proteinuria and reduced eGFR, even in their moderate stages, were independently associated with lower cognition in a community-based sample of elderly men. The results suggest the importance of proteinuria and low eGFR for early detection and prevention of cognitive decline.

著者

Daisuke Yoneoka Eiko Saito

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.4, pp.337-338, 2015-04-05 (Released:2015-04-05)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

2 2

著者

Ziyi Liu Maryam Zaid Takashi Hisamatsu Sachiko Tanaka Akira Fujiyoshi Naoko Miyagawa Takahiro Ito Aya Kadota Ikuo Tooyama Katsuyuki Miura Hirotsugu Ueshima

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20180193, (Released:2019-05-25)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

4

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BackgroundCognitive dysfunction has been recognized as a diabetes-related complication. Whether hyperglycemia or elevated fasting glucose are associated with cognitive decline remains controversial. We aimed to investigate the relationship between fasting glucose levels and cognitive function in diabetic and non-diabetic individuals.MethodsParticipants were Japanese diabetic (n=191) and non-diabetic (n=616) men, aged 46-81 years, from 2010-2014. Blood samples were taken after a 12h fast. Cognitive Ability Screening Instrument (CASI), with a maximum score of 100, was used for cognitive assessment. Cognitive domains of CASI were also investigated. Fractional logit regression with covariate adjustment for potential confounders was used to model cross-sectional relationships between fasting blood glucose and CASI score.ResultsFor diabetic individuals, CASI score was 0.38 (95% confidence interval: 0.66-0.12) lower per 1mmol/L higher fasting glucose level. Short-term memory domain also exhibited an inverse association. For non-diabetic individuals, a reverse u-shaped relationship was observed between fasting glucose and cognitive function, identifying a threshold for highest cognitive performance of 91.8 CASI score at 3.97-6.20mmol/L (71.5-111.6mg/dL) fasting glucose. Language ability domain displayed a similar relationship with fasting glucose.ConclusionsElevated fasting glucose levels in diabetic men were associated with lower cognitive function, in which short-term memory was the main associated domain. Interestingly, in non-diabetic men, we identified a threshold for the inverse relationship of elevated fasting glucose with cognitive function. Contrastingly to diabetic men, language ability was the main associated cognitive domain.

著者

Kimiko Tomioka Norio Kurumatani Keigo Saeki

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20180195, (Released:2019-03-02)

参考文献数

55

被引用文献数

38

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Background: Higher smoking prevalence in less educated persons and manual workers is well-known. This study examines the independent relationship of education and occupation with tobacco use.Methods: We used anonymized data from a nationwide population survey (30,617 men and 33,934 women). Education was divided into junior high school, high school, or university attainment. Occupation was grouped into upper non-manual, lower non-manual, and manual. Poisson regression models stratified by age and gender were used to estimate adjusted prevalence ratio (PR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for current smoking.Results: After adjustment for covariates, education, and occupation, education was significantly related to current smoking in both genders; compared to university graduates, PRs (95% CIs) of junior high school graduates aged 20–39, 40–64, and ≥65 were 1.74 (1.53–1.98), 1.50 (1.36–1.65), and 1.28 (1.08–1.50) among men, and 3.54 (2.92–4.30), 2.72 (2.29–3.23), and 1.74 (1.14–2.66) among women, respectively. However, significantly higher smoking prevalence in manual than in upper non-manual was found only in men aged 20–64; compared to upper non-manual, the PRs (95% CIs) of manual workers aged 20–39, 40–64, and ≥65 were 1.11 (1.02–1.22), 1.18 (1.10–1.27), and 1.10 (0.89–1.37) among men, and 0.95 (0.75–1.20), 0.92 (0.75–1.12), and 0.46 (0.22–0.95) among women, respectively.Conclusions: Independent of occupation, educational disparities in smoking existed, regardless of age and gender. Occupation-smoking relationship varied with age and gender. Our study suggests that we should pay attention to social inequality in smoking as well as national smoking prevalence.

著者

Yuko Goto Keiko Wada Takahiro Uji Sachi Koda Fumi Mizuta Michiyo Yamakawa Chisato Nagata

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20180243, (Released:2019-04-20)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

17

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Background: The association between the number of teeth and mortality among community-dwelling people has been examined in many epidemiological studies. However, few Japanese studies have included cancer mortality as an endpoint. We prospectively investigated the association between number of remaining teeth and all-cause and cancer mortality in a Japanese community.Methods: This study included participants in the Takayama study who were aged 35–70 years old at baseline in 1992. Information on the number of remaining teeth was obtained from 11,273 participants via questionnaire at the second survey in 2002. The response rate was 66.9%. Deaths and their causes were ascertained during 11.8 years of follow-up.Results: A total of 1098 deaths (435 cancer-related and 235 cardiovascular-related) were identified during the follow-up period. After adjusting for covariates, participants with 0 to 9 teeth were at moderate but significantly increased risk of all-cause mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 1.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03–1.39) and cancer mortality (HR 1.31; 95% CI, 1.03–1.67) as compared to those with 20 or more teeth. With regard to cancer site, a significant association was observed for lung cancer (HR for 0–9 teeth vs. 20 or more teeth, 1.75; 95% CI, 1.08–2.83). This association was somewhat strengthened among never-smokers (HR 3.56; 95% CI, 1.02–12.45).Conclusions: We observed that a lower number of remaining teeth was significantly associated with increased risk from all-cause and lung cancer mortality. Further studies on the number of teeth and lung and other types of cancer are needed.

著者

Xiao-Xiao Jiang Louise L. Hardy Ding Ding Louise A. Baur Hui-Jing Shi

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.5, pp.397-403, 2014-09-05 (Released:2014-09-05)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

15 35

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Background: Rapid urbanization in China has led to a proliferation of electronic entertainment media among youth. Prolonged screen time (ST; includes watching television and playing on computers, video game consoles, or mobile phones) is linked to poor health profiles. The aim of this study was to report recreational ST behaviors and ST correlates among Chinese adolescents living in two regions with different degrees of urbanization.Methods: A cross-sectional, school-based survey (n = 3461 adolescents; aged 12–14 years old) living in inner-city Shanghai and a peri-urban region of Hangzhou. Students completed a questionnaire including family characteristics, daily ST, and information on family environment related to screen use. Recreational ST was categorized into two groups according to recommendations by the American Academy of Pediatrics (< or ≥2 h/day). Parents reported their own ST and also reported educational attainment as a proxy for socioeconomic status.Results: ST was higher among boys than girls and on weekends than weekdays. Peri-urban girls were more likely to exceed 2 h/day ST compared to inner-city girls on weekends. Having a father with no university degree, mother’s TV viewing ≥2 h/day, no ST rules at home, and eating meals in front of the TV were associated with higher ST on both weekdays and weekends, and regional differences were found for weekend ST.Conclusions: TV viewing and playing on the computer were the most prevalent ST behaviors among Chinese adolescents. Mobile phone playing was less prevalent but persistent throughout the week. More population-level surveillance and research is needed to monitor the trends in ST behaviors and to better understand the characteristics of those who are at risk.

著者

Kazunori Shibata Masaki Moriyama Tetsuhito Fukushima Akihiko Kaetsu Motonobu Miyazaki Hiroshi Une

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.5, pp.310-316, 2000 (Released:2007-11-30)

参考文献数

50

被引用文献数

48 62

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Chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) is well known as a precancerous lesion of the stomach, and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection increases the risk of CAG. While recent studies have reported that green tea consumption decreases the risk of gastric cancer, there has been no study analyzing the relationship between green tea consumption and the both risks H. pylori infection and CAG. We conducted a cross-sectional study on 636 subjects living in a farming village in Japan to examine the relationship among green tea consumption, H. pylori infection, and CAG. Smoking, alcohol drinking, consumption of four beverages, including green tea, and of five foods were investigated as lifestyle factors that may affect H. pylori infection and CAG. The measurement of H. pylori-IgG antibodies was used to define H. pylori infection, and serum pepsinogens were used to define of CAG. The unconditional logistic regression model was used for analyzing each odds ratio (OR). H. pylori infection was positively associated with the risk of CAG (OR = 3.73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.59-5.36). High green tea consumption (more than 10 cups per day) was negatively associated with the risk of CAG, even after adjustment for H. pylori infection and lifestyle factors associated with green tea consumption (OR = 0.63; 95% CI, 0.43-0.93). These results support the hypothesis that high green tea consumption prevents CAG. J Epidemiol, 2000 ; 10 : 310-316

著者

Jaesung Choi Ji-Yeob Choi Aesun Shin Sang-Ah Lee Kyoung-Mu Lee Juhwan Oh Joo Yong Park Jong-koo Lee Daehee Kang

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.4, pp.125-132, 2019-04-05 (Released:2019-04-05)

参考文献数

46

被引用文献数

14

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Background: We aimed to report the prevalence and correlates of high-risk alcohol consumption and types of alcoholic beverages.Methods: The baseline data of the Health Examinees-Gem (HEXA-G) study participants, including 43,927 men and 85,897 women enrolled from 2005 through 2013, were used for analysis. Joinpoint regression was performed to estimate trends in the age-standardized prevalence of alcohol consumption. Associations of demographic and behavioral factors, perceived health-related effects, social relationships, and the diagnostic history of diseases with alcohol consumption were assessed using multinomial logistic regression.Results: The prevalence of alcohol consumption remained higher in men during the study period and increased in women. The amount of alcohol consumed has increased in women, especially that from beer and makgeolli, a traditional Korean fermented rice wine. Older participants were less likely to be high-risk drinkers (men and women who drink more than 40 or 20 g/day of alcohol, respectively) and drink Soju, a distilled liquor, and beer, and more likely to drink makgeolli. Educational level was negatively associated with high-risk drinking. However, it was positively associated with the consumption of strong spirits and wine. Smoking was associated with high-risk drinking and the consumption of soju and strong spirits. Engaging in regular exercise and having stress were associated with drinking all types of beverages except for soju.Conclusions: Sex-specific trends in alcohol consumption were influenced by demographic, behavioral, and perceived health-related factors. The findings will help improve the understanding of alcohol-related problems and provide evidence for establishing country-specific policies and campaigns in Korea.

著者

Yosuke Shibata Toshiyuki Ojima Mieko Nakamura Kazuyo Kuwabara Naoko Miyagawa Yoshino Saito Yasuyuki Nakamura Yutaka Kiyohara Hideaki Nakagawa Akira Fujiyoshi Aya Kadota Takayoshi Ohkubo Tomonori Okamura Hirotsugu Ueshima Akira Okayama Katsuyuki Miura

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.4, pp.133-138, 2019-04-05 (Released:2019-04-05)

参考文献数

40

被引用文献数

8

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Background: The trend of association between overweight and high serum total cholesterol (TC) among the elderly is unclear. In addition, there is little evidence of risk of underweight for high TC. Therefore, we examined the trend of association of overweight or underweight with high TC among Japanese elderly people using nationwide population-based data.Methods: Data of the National Survey on Circulatory Disorders and National Health and Nutrition Survey for 1980, 1990, 2000, and 2010 were used in the analysis. High TC was defined as 220 mg/dL and above. For participants aged ≥50 years, sex-specific odds ratios (ORs) of overweight or underweight compared with normal body mass index participants for high TC were calculated using a logistic regression model adjusted for age, smoking, drinking, exercise, food, and treatment of hyperlipidemia.Results: A total of 5,734, 4,673, 5,059, and 2,105 participants enrolled in these surveys in 1980, 1990, 2000, and 2010, respectively. Although overweight was positively and significantly associated with high TC in 1980, the association has gradually weakened since (ORs in 1980 and 2010 were 2.44; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.83–3.24 and 0.92; 95% CI, 0.66–1.27 among men and 1.43; 95% CI, 1.18–1.72 and 1.08; 95% CI, 0.81–1.44 among women, respectively). While underweight was inversely and significantly associated with high TC in 1980, the association also gradually weakened among women (ORs in 1980 and 2010 were 0.28; 95% CI, 0.12–0.60 and 0.37; 95% CI, 0.10–1.28 among men and 0.39; 95% CI, 0.26–0.57 and 0.96; 95% CI, 0.58–1.57 among women, respectively).Conclusions: These findings provide evidence that high TC prevention efforts must expand the target to not only overweight but also to normal and underweight people.

著者

Sayuri Goryoda Nobuo Nishi Haruki Shimoda Yuki Yonekura Kiyomi Sakata Seiichiro Kobayashi Akira Ogawa Ichiro Kawachi

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.3, pp.92-96, 2019-03-05 (Released:2019-03-05)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

10

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Background: Previous studies have identified poor dietary intake as a health risk affecting survivors of the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami. We examined the association between different social factors (eg, living conditions and perceptions of community social capital) and dietary intakes among disaster-affected survivors.Methods: We studied 6,724 survivors in four municipalities of Iwate Prefecture 3 years after the disaster. Social capital was assessed via four items inquiring about respondents’ perceptions of social cohesion in their communities. Good dietary intake was defined according to the following criteria: intake of staple food ≥three times a day; intake of meat, fish and shellfish eggs, or soybean products ≥twice a day; vegetable intake ≥twice a day; and intake of fruit or dairy products ≥once a day. An individual who did not meet any of these criteria was defined as having poor dietary intake. We adjusted for covariates, including socioeconomic status, marital status, and residential area.Results: Poor dietary intake was reported by 31.6% of respondents. Poisson regression analyses revealed that the following factors were related to poor dietary intake: age <65 years (men: prevalence ratio [PR] 1.48; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.29–1.71 and women: PR 1.55; 95% CI, 1.36–1.77), difficulties in living conditions (men: PR 1.18; 95% CI, 1.00–1.39 and women: PR 1.19; 95% CI, 1.01–1.40), and low perceptions of community social capital (women: PR 1.20; 95% CI, 1.04–1.38).Conclusions: Our findings suggest that social capital plays a role in promoting healthy dietary intake among women in disaster-affected areas.

著者

Tomotaka Ugai Keitaro Matsuo Norie Sawada Motoki Iwasaki Taiki Yamaji Taichi Shimazu Shizuka Sasazuki Manami Inoue Shoichiro Tsugane the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study Group

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.7, pp.305-310, 2017 (Released:2017-07-05)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

9

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Background: Cigarette smoking has been reported to be associated with an increased risk of leukemia. Most epidemiological evidence on the association between cigarette smoking and leukemia risk is from studies conducted in Western populations, however, and evidence from Asian populations is scarce.Methods: We conducted a large-scale population-based cohort study of 96,992 Japanese subjects (46,493 men and 50,499 women; age 40–69 years at baseline) with an average 18.3 years of follow-up, during which we identified 90 cases of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), 19 of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), and 28 of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using a Cox regression model adjusted for potential confounders.Results: When we adjusted for age, sex, and study area, our findings showed no significant association or increasing dose–response relationship between risk of AML and cigarette smoking overall. However, after further adjustment for body mass index and occupation, current smokers with more than 30 pack-years of cigarette smoking had a significantly increased risk of AML compared to never smokers among men (HR 2.21; 95% CI, 1.01–4.83). This increased risk was not clear among women.Conclusions: Our results suggest that cigarette smoking increases the risk of AML in Japanese men. The associations of smoking with AML among women, and with CML and ALL among men and women, should be assessed in future studies.

著者

Tomomi Egawa-Takata Yutaka Ueda Akiko Morimoto Yusuke Tanaka Asami Yagi Yoshito Terai Masahide Ohmichi Tomoyuki Ichimura Toshiyuki Sumi Hiromi Murata Hidetaka Okada Hidekatsu Nakai Masaki Mandai Shinya Matsuzaki Eiji Kobayashi Kiyoshi Yoshino Tadashi Kimura Junko Saito Yumiko Hori Eiichi Morii Tomio Nakayama Mikiko Asai-Sato Etsuko Miyagi Masayuki Sekine Takayuki Enomoto Yorihiko Horikoshi Tetsu Takagi Kentaro Shimura

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.3, pp.156-160, 2018-03-05 (Released:2018-03-05)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

2 8

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Background: In Japan, the rate of cervical cancer screening is remarkably low, especially among women in their twenties and thirties, when cervical cancer is now increasing dramatically. The aim of this study was to test whether a modified government reminder for 20-year-old women to engage in cervical cancer screening, acting through maternal education and by asking for a maternal recommendation to the daughter to receive the screening, could increase their participation rate.Methods: In two Japanese cities, 20-year-old girls who had not received their first cervical cancer screening before October of fiscal year 2014 were randomized into two study arms. One group of 1,274 received only a personalized daughter-directed reminder leaflet for cervical cancer screening. In the second group of 1,274, the daughters and their mothers received a combination package containing the same reminder leaflet as did the first group, plus an additional informational leaflet for the mother, which requested that the mother recommend that her daughter undergo cervical cancer screening. The subsequent post-reminder screening rates of these two study arms were compared.Results: The cervical cancer screening rate of 20-year-old women whose mothers received the information leaflet was significantly higher than that for women who received only a leaflet for themselves (11% vs 9%, P = 0.0049).Conclusions: An intervention with mothers, by sending them a cervical cancer information leaflet with a request that they recommend that their daughter receive cervical cancer screening, significantly improved their daughters’ screening rate.

著者

Minoru Takakura Masaya Miyagi Masaru Ueji Minoru Kobayashi Atsushi Kurihara Akira Kyan

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20180125, (Released:2018-09-15)

参考文献数

42

被引用文献数

9

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Background: It is unclear whether either neighborhood collective efficacy or school collective efficacy is associated with adolescent alcohol use. This study aimed to examine the relative contributions of collective efficacy, both in school and in the neighborhood contexts, to alcohol use among Japanese adolescents.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in public high schools across Okinawa and Ibaraki Prefectures in Japan in 2016. The study participants consisted of 3,291 students in grades 10 through 12 cross-nested in 51 schools and 107 neighborhoods. Alcohol use was measured as current alcohol drinking, which was defined as self-reported drinking on at least 1 day in the past 30 days. Collective efficacy was measured using scales of social cohesion and informal social control in school and the neighborhood. Contextual-level collective efficacy was measured using aggregated school-level and neighborhood-level individual responses, respectively. We used non-hierarchical multilevel models to fit the cross-nested data.Results: Significant variation in alcohol use was shown between schools but not between neighborhoods. After adjusting for covariates, school collective efficacy at individual- and contextual-levels was protectively associated with alcohol drinking (odds ratio [OR] for the increase of one standard deviation from the mean 0.72; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.63–0.82 and OR 0.61; 95% CI, 0.49–0.75, respectively), whereas neighborhood collective efficacy at individual- and contextual-levels was not associated with alcohol consumption.Conclusion: The school-level associations of collective efficacy with adolescent alcohol use may have the greater impact than the neighborhood-level associations. Adolescent drinking prevention efforts should include enhancing school collective efficacy.

著者

Saiepour Nargess Ware Robert Najman Jake Baker Peter Clavarino Alexandra Williams Gail

出版者

日本疫学会

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.1, pp.45-49, 2016

被引用文献数

12

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<b>Background: </b>To identify patterns of loss to follow-up and baseline predictors of each pattern.<BR><b>Methods: </b>The Mater-University Study of Pregnancy collected baseline information for 7718 pregnant women who attended Mater Hospital in Brisbane, Australia, from 1981 through 1983. Follow-up data for 6753 eligible participants were collected at 6 months, 5 years, 14 years, 21 years, and 27 years after giving birth. Participants were partitioned into groups of &lsquo;Always Responders&rsquo;, &lsquo;Returners&rsquo;, &lsquo;Leavers&rsquo;, &lsquo;Intermittents&rsquo;, and &lsquo;Never Responders&rsquo;. Multinomial logistic regression was used to simultaneously compare baseline characteristics of the last four groups with &lsquo;Always Responders&rsquo;.<BR><b>Results: </b>Being younger, less educated, having no partner, and living in rented housing were associated with being a &lsquo;Returner&rsquo;. Not owning housing, receiving welfare benefits, and being younger, less educated, not married, a smoker, an Aboriginal/Islander, and born in a non-English-speaking country were associated with being a &lsquo;Leaver&rsquo;, an &lsquo;Intermittent&rsquo;, or a &lsquo;Never-responder&rsquo;. Having higher mental health score and drinking before pregnancy were associated with being a &lsquo;Leaver&rsquo; or an &lsquo;Intermittent&rsquo;. Being unemployed and not physically active were associated with being a &lsquo;Leaver&rsquo; or &lsquo;Never Responder&rsquo;. The groups &lsquo;Leavers&rsquo; and &lsquo;Never Responders&rsquo; were the most different from the &lsquo;Always Responders&rsquo;. The group that was most similar to &lsquo;Always Responders&rsquo; was the &lsquo;Returners&rsquo;.<BR><b>Conclusions: </b>Patterns of loss to follow-up should be considered in the application of missing data techniques, where researchers make assumptions about the characteristics of those subjects who do not respond to assess the type of missing data. This information can be used to prevent individuals who are at high risk of dropping out of a study from doing so.