著者

Hiroki Nagashima Shuhei Kawaoka Yasunori Matsui Takashi Tachikawa Hiroshi Ikeda Yasuhiro Kobori

出版者

The Society of Photopolymer Science and Technology(SPST)

雑誌

Journal of Photopolymer Science and Technology (ISSN:09149244)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.2, pp.163-167, 2018-06-25 (Released:2018-09-05)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

1

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The singlet fission (SF) is expected to be powerful tool for exceeding the theoretical limit of the power conversion efficiency on the organic solar cells. However, little is known on the intermolecular SF mechanism in the solid state. In the present study, we have investigated intermolecular SF in 2-phenyl-6,11-bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl)tetracene (TIPS-Ph-Tc) in frozen solutions using a time-resolved electron paramagnetic resonance measurement at a low temperature. SF-born quintet states (Q) and subsequent dissociations into two triplet states (T + T) were detected for a diluted solute concentration of 10-4 M in dichloromethane. The microsecond triplet dissociation was found to occur due to the amorphous morphology in the frozen aggregate, suggesting that Q is generated as a trapped state. Furthermore, it was also suggested that the T + T dissociation follows the Q generation due to a T-T repulsion, whose energy were determined by the negative exchange couplings in the triplet pairs, (TT).

著者

Shingo Ueno Tatsunori Hirai Shusuke Sato Manish Biyani Hiromi Kuramochi Ryo Iizuka Takanori Akagi Takashi Funatsu Takanori Ichiki

出版者

The Society of Photopolymer Science and Technology (SPST)

雑誌

Journal of Photopolymer Science and Technology (ISSN:09149244)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.5, pp.719-725, 2015-06-22 (Released:2015-10-20)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

1 4

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The improved catalytic activity of enzymes is required in various fields. Enzymes have conventionally been improved by the screening of bacteria possessing mutant enzymes. However, the screening conditions are limited since screening requires the growth of bacteria. Here, we report the development of a protein microarray for the analysis of enzymatic activity. A his-tagged enzyme is synthesized in situ and immobilized on the microarray, which is composed of microreactors with a diameter and depth of 4 μm and a density of 1.0 x 106 reactors/cm2. β-glucosidase, synthesized in situ using a cell-free synthesis system, was immobilized on the microreactor array chip and its catalytic activity was observed. This enzyme-immobilized microarray is expected to enable the rapid and quantitative screening of enzymes.

著者

Kazuki Okamoto Tomohito Wakasa Jun Taniguchi Shin-ichi Satake

出版者

The Society of Photopolymer Science and Technology(SPST)

雑誌

Journal of Photopolymer Science and Technology (ISSN:09149244)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.2, pp.125-130, 2022-12-16 (Released:2023-03-14)

参考文献数

20

---

Performing the minimum number of ultraviolet nanoimprint lithography imprints is important for ensuring high throughput and low costs. The stamp lifetime can be estimated quickly from little information during imprint processing. We proposed two methods to predict the stamp lifetime from durability test data with a line-patterned mold. We characterized the contact angle, concentration of release resin, and the number of imprints from the data. Both of the proposed methods used machine learning. One method was binary classification, and the other was regression analysis. Under the binary classification method, the recall was 50% and the prediction showed that the recall becomes 0% when Gaussian random noise is added. Under the regression analysis, the prediction did not drastically change, with an approximately 100-fold increase in the mean absolute error. The results show that regression analysis is useful for predicting the lifetime of a line-patterned mold.

著者

Hitoshi Sugiyama Shuichi Sato Kazukiyo Nagai

出版者

The Society of Photopolymer Science and Technology(SPST)

雑誌

Journal of Photopolymer Science and Technology (ISSN:09149244)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.6, pp.571-578, 2021 (Released:2022-08-10)

参考文献数

22

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The photo-alignment properties of 4,4-(hexafluoroisopropylidene) diphthalic anhydride (6FDA)-based polyimides with sterically hindered diamine component were systematically evaluated, such as 6FDA-3,3'-dimethylbenidine, 6FDA-2,7-diaminofluorene, 6FDA- 2,3,5,6-tetramethyl-1,4-phenylene diamine, 6FDA-2,5-diamino-1,4-phenylenediamine, 6FDA-1,4-phenylenediamine, and 6FDA-1,3-phenylenediamine. To evaluate sterically hindered diamine components, the diamine components with varying number of benzyl ring and methyl group were used. The polyimides containing the diamine components with methyl group were well planarity and forming charge transfer complex efficiently. The polyimides showing photo reaction property by linearly polarized ultra violet light induced photo alignment properties, however, the linear structured polyimide induced photo alignment property even it showed poor photo reaction property.

著者

Jin-Kyun Lee Priscillia G. Taylor Alexander A. Zakhidov Hon Hang Fong Ha Soo Hwang Margarita Chatzichristidi George G. Malliaras Christopher K. Ober

出版者

The Society of Photopolymer Science and Technology(SPST)

雑誌

Journal of Photopolymer Science and Technology (ISSN:09149244)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.5, pp.565-569, 2009-06-30 (Released:2009-09-17)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

23 24

---

Organic electronics is an extensively studied subject opening new horizons in electronics technology. It has attracted great attention as a technology to enable flexible electronic devices through solution processing of organic and polymeric materials. However, patterning of organic materials to construct device components still remains one of the major hurdles to be overcome due to problems with chemical processing. Fundamentally this challenge originates from the limited number of options regarding orthogonal solvents. Recently, we have identified supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) and segregated hydrofluoroethers (HFEs) as universal, non-damaging solvents for most non-fluorinated polymeric materials. These unconventional solvents expand processing options from the two-dimensional plane to three-dimensional space by drawing another orthogonal axis. Taking advantage of those noble solvents and fluorinated photoresists, we were able to make patterns of functional organic materials photolithographically. Furthermore, our orthogonal processing method has been applied to the fabrication of a patterned polymer light-emitting device in scCO2 and an organic thin-film transisotor in HFEs.

著者

Masayoshi Higuchi Yukio Fujii

出版者

The Society of Photopolymer Science and Technology(SPST)

雑誌

Journal of Photopolymer Science and Technology (ISSN:09149244)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.2, pp.175-180, 2021-06-11 (Released:2021-11-23)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

3

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Electrochromic (EC) displays are expected as energy-saving smart windows or digital signages because of the memory property. We succeeded in developing a designed and flexible electrochromic (EC) display device with Fe(II)-based metallo-supramolecular polymer (polyFe) using a mechanically etched ITO film. Mechanical etching an ITO film was performed with a cutting machine having a blade of which length was adjusted so as not to cut off the film. The fabricated EC device was composed of the etched ITO film, a polyFe layer, an electrolyte layer, a nickel hexacyanoferrate layer as the counter material, and another ITO film. The EC device showed unique changes of the display upon applying a voltage of 1.5 V between the two ITO electrodes. It was revealed that the EC changes were controlled by the etching pattern such as a closed circle or the formation of a narrow ITO path.

著者

Shengjie Fang Masakazu Umezawa Kyohei Okubo Kohei Soga

出版者

The Society of Photopolymer Science and Technology(SPST)

雑誌

Journal of Photopolymer Science and Technology (ISSN:09149244)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.1, pp.7-10, 2021-06-11 (Released:2021-11-23)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

1

---

Near-infrared (NIR) light has been used for in vivo deep imaging in the biomedical field owing to its high permeability in biological tissues. Conventional fluorescence bioimaging requires simultaneous optical excitation, which can induce undesired results such as autofluorescence. In the present study, we report a polymer-based NIR afterglow fluorescent complex by using NIR dye, LDS 821, and SrAl2O4: Eu, Dy powder. To obtain the complex, SrAl2O4: Eu, Dy was first mixed with LDS 821 solution and dried at 65 °C for 12 h. Then, they were further mixed with pentaerythiritol tetraacrylate (PETA) and photopolymerization initiator and then subjected to phopolymerization reaction. Poly-PETA was effective for not only retain both the dye and inorganic powder but also preventing the denaturation of SrAl2O4: Eu, Dy by water. The obtained polymer-based complex emits NIR afterglow fluorescence (wavelength: 760−780 nm) with a long fluorescence lifetime (5.0 min). This material design will provide a choice of obtaining NIR luminescent imaging phosphors for deep tissues without simultaneous light irradiation during image acquisition.

著者

Syo Miyagi Takuya Kusanagi Shuichi Sato

出版者

The Society of Photopolymer Science and Technology(SPST)

雑誌

Journal of Photopolymer Science and Technology (ISSN:09149244)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.1, pp.33-43, 2019-06-24 (Released:2019-11-14)

参考文献数

20

---

The effects of polymer gel electrolyte on the photoelectric and driving characteristics of Prussian blue (PB)-based electrochromic (EC) cells were systematically investigated under different preparation conditions. The EC cells were switched from the coloring to decoloring mode by applying ±1.5 V. Subsequently, we prepared an automatic driving circuit wherein the signal of the voltage was alternately applied. The thickness of the PB layer significantly depended on the switching speed as opposed to the electrolyte concentration and the polymer gel electrolyte. In particular, the speed of coloring exceeds that of decoloring due to the electron exchange in the chemical reaction. The speed varied from approximately 5 to 10 times based on the type of the electrolyte.

著者

Lee DongKwan Pawlowski Georg

出版者

フォトポリマー学会

雑誌

Journal of Photopolymer Science and Technology (ISSN:09149244)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.3, pp.427-434, 2002

被引用文献数

7

---

A review of the progress in DUV single layer resist technology during the last 10 years is presented and some of the more recent performance achievements are highlighted.<br><b>Once upon a time there was a princess who's afternoon walk was always crossed by an ugly frog, who asked her to give him a kiss. While she long time refused, she finally followed his request with anger and the frog turned into a beatiful prince who married her and they lived a tong and happy life together.<br>Freely adapted after Brothers Grimm 1810</b><br>Particular attention is directed to issues expected to become dominant on the verge from current design rules to the 70nm node, and considered to be of general relevance for photoresist technology, such as pattern collapse, line edge roughness, and defect control. Other areas of discussion include plausible sub 100nm extensions of specific techniques, such as thermal flow, or application of the RELACS process.

著者

Matsunaga Kentaro Oizumi Hiroaki Kaneyama Koji Shiraishi Gousuke Matsumaro Kazuyuki Santillan Julius Joseph Itani Toshiro

出版者

フォトポリマー学会

雑誌

Journal of Photopolymer Science and Technology (ISSN:09149244)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.5, pp.613-618, 2010

被引用文献数

8

---

Extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography is the leading candidate for the manufacture of semiconductor devices at the hp 22 nm technology node and beyond. The Selete program covers the evaluation of manufacturability for the EUV lithography process. Then, we have begun a yield analysis of hp 2x nm test chips using the EUV1 (Nikon) full-field exposure tool. However, the resist performance does not yet meet the stringent requirements for resolution limit, sensitivity, and line width roughness. We reported on Selete standard resist 4 (SSR4) at the EUVL Symposium in 2009. Although it has better lithographic performance than SSR3 does, pattern collapse limits the resolution to hp 28 nm. To improve the resolution, we need to optimize the process so as to prevent pattern collapse. An evaluation of SSR4 for the hp 2x nm generation revealed that a thinner resist and the use of a tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (TBAH) solution for the developer were effective in mitigating this problem. Furthermore, the use of an underlayer and an alternative rinse solution increased the exposure latitude by preventing pattern collapse when the resist is overexposed. These optimizations improved the resolution limit to hp 22 nm.

著者

Shuichi Sato Tetsuya Chikama Mikio Ohuchi

出版者

The Society of Photopolymer Science and Technology (SPST)

雑誌

Journal of Photopolymer Science and Technology (ISSN:09149244)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.1, pp.57-67, 2017-06-26 (Released:2017-08-10)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

2

---

Photoelectric properties and drive characteristics of guest-host (GH)-type liquid crystal cells with yellow, magenta, cyan, green, and gray colors using 4-cyano-4'-pentylbiphenyl (5CB) and three diazo-based dichroic dyes were systematically investigated in different driving modes. The dichroic dyes have structures similar to 5CB; therefore, they uniformly mixed and dispersed into the liquid crystal matrix. The green and gray colors were obtained by mixing appropriate ratios of two or more dyes. Impedance of the GH cells decreased upon the incorporation of the dyes into 5CB. However, the photoelectric properties and drive characteristics of the liquid crystal cells were not altered after the inclusion of the dye. In particular, the alignment of the molecules strongly depended on the cell structure. The GH cells in twisted nematic mode exhibited a low driving voltage of approximately 1.5 V.

著者

Joong-Yeon Cho Heon Lee

出版者

The Society of Photopolymer Science and Technology (SPST)

雑誌

Journal of Photopolymer Science and Technology (ISSN:09149244)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.4, pp.541-545, 2015-05-25 (Released:2015-10-05)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

1

---

In this study, a 2 inch sized a highly periodic nanometer-scaled patterned sapphire substrate (NPSS) was fabricated using nanoimprint lithography (NIL) and inductively coupled plasma etching to improve the light-extraction efficiency of GaN-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Both truncated cone and cone shape patterns were fabricated on the sapphire substrate to compare the enhancement effect of light extraction efficiency of LEDs according to the shape of sapphire patterns. A blue LED structure was grown on the two different NPSS, and the photoluminescence (PL) and electroluminescence (EL) were measured to confirm the effectiveness of the two different nanometer-scaled patterns on sapphire. An improvement in luminescence efficiency was observed when NPSS was applied; 2 times stronger PL intensity and 2 times stronger EL intensity than the LED structure grown on the un-patterned sapphire substrate was measured. These results show highly periodic nanometer-scaled patterns create multi-photon scattering and effectively enhance the light-extraction efficiency of LEDs.

著者

Shinji Matsui Hiroshi Hiroshima Yoshihiko Hirai Masaru Nakagawa

出版者

The Society of Photopolymer Science and Technology (SPST)

雑誌

Journal of Photopolymer Science and Technology (ISSN:09149244)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.1, pp.61-72, 2014-07-08 (Released:2014-08-08)

参考文献数

60

被引用文献数

2 5

---

The effectiveness of condensable gas, used as ambience, in UV nanoimprint lithography has been demonstrated. Bubble defect problem, which is inherent in UV nanoimprint under non vacuum ambience, can be solved by PFP condensable gas. UV nanoimprint lithography using PFP was validated for 45 nm pattern fabrication under thin residual layer conditions, which are required for UV nanoimprint used as UV nanoimprint lithography. PFP reduces the viscosity and demolding force of UV curable resins. These properties are helpful in increasing the throughput and reliability of UV nanoimprint. PFP occasionally produces large shrinkages, and degrades pattern quality depending on UV curable resin. These drawbacks can be mitigated by selecting UV curable monomers with a low PFP absorption. In the end, we have demonstrated the satisfied LER and LWR values requested in 22 nm node NAND flash memories and 20,000 repeated imprints with a single mold by UV nanoimprint using PFP.

著者

Matsui Shinji Hiroshima Hiroshi Hirai Yoshihiko Nakagawa Masaru

出版者

フォトポリマー学会

雑誌

Journal of Photopolymer Science and Technology (ISSN:09149244)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.1, pp.61-72, 2014

被引用文献数

5

---

The effectiveness of condensable gas, used as ambience, in UV nanoimprint lithography has been demonstrated. Bubble defect problem, which is inherent in UV nanoimprint under non vacuum ambience, can be solved by PFP condensable gas. UV nanoimprint lithography using PFP was validated for 45 nm pattern fabrication under thin residual layer conditions, which are required for UV nanoimprint used as UV nanoimprint lithography. PFP reduces the viscosity and demolding force of UV curable resins. These properties are helpful in increasing the throughput and reliability of UV nanoimprint. PFP occasionally produces large shrinkages, and degrades pattern quality depending on UV curable resin. These drawbacks can be mitigated by selecting UV curable monomers with a low PFP absorption. In the end, we have demonstrated the satisfied LER and LWR values requested in 22 nm node NAND flash memories and 20,000 repeated imprints with a single mold by UV nanoimprint using PFP.

著者

Tatsuyuki Nakatani Keishi Okamoto Ikuo Omura Shuzo Yamashita

出版者

The Society of Photopolymer Science and Technology (SPST)

雑誌

Journal of Photopolymer Science and Technology (ISSN:09149244)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.2, pp.221-228, 2007 (Released:2007-09-13)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

18 38

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The surfaces of medical materials are coated with polymer molecules or drugs in order to functionalize the surfaces in such ways as imparting biocompatibility. But in the case of inorganic materials there is the problem that polymers will have poor adhesiveness and be liable to peel. A coronary artery stent holds the vessel lumen patent by being expanded to the plastic deformation region, and if the material surfaces are coated with DLC, the coating must follow the plastic deformation of the base material. Accordingly we created a thickness-wise concentration gradient in the Si content that is added to the DLC, and discovered that thereby a DLC nanocoating is produced that does not crack under the plastic deformation required in a stent, and that has superior adhesion. In this way we succeeded in improving adhesion of the drug coating when used in combination with thin film material obtained via application of plasma surface treatment techniques, and in producing a practical stent that exhibits high biocompatibility even after slow release of the antithrombotic agent into the body is complete.