著者

Freslyn Lim-Saco

出版者

The University of Tokushima Faculty of Medicine

雑誌

The Journal of Medical Investigation (ISSN:13431420)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.1.2, pp.8-11, 2019-02-15 (Released:2019-04-27)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

5

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Abstract : Theory development in nursing has been contentious so that issues about theory as knowledge base and counterpart of practice, and theory as the foundation of nursing as a discipline of knowledge and practice profession have facilitated the seeming ambiguity hindering theoretical contributions integral to human health and well-being. Nursing science continues to generate discussions about its development particularly grounding its practice as a legitimate component of human health care. The aims of this paper are (a) to describe three contemporary issues regarding theory construction and development in nursing, and (b) to advance a theory of nursing that can reconcile these issues. Content analysis following a review of literature revealed ontological,epistemological, and contextual issues on nursing theory development and theory-based practice perspective. The middle-range theory of Technological Competency as Caring in Nursing is advanced as integral to pursuing the reconciliation of theory development and practice engagements within the Universal Technological Domain in nursing and the health sciences. J. Med. Invest. 66 : 8-11, February, 2019

著者

Taijun Hana Junya Iwama Suguru Yokosako Chika Yoshimura Naoyuki Arai Yasuhiro Kuroi Hirokazu Koseki Mami Akiyama Kengo Hirota Hidenori Ohbuchi Shinji Hagiwara Shigeru Tani Atsushi Sasahara Hidetoshi Kasuya

出版者

The University of Tokushima Faculty of Medicine

雑誌

The Journal of Medical Investigation (ISSN:13431420)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.1.2, pp.41-45, 2014 (Released:2014-04-04)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

7 19

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We aimed to determine the sensitivity of CT perfusion (CTP) for the diagnosis of cerebral infarction in the acute stage. We retrospectively reviewed patients with ischemic stroke who underwent brain CTP on arrival and MRI-diffusion weighted image (DWI) after hospitalization between October 2008 and October 2011. Final diagnosis was made from MRI-DWI findings and 87 patients were identified. Fifty-five out of 87 patients (63%) could be diagnosed with cerebral infarction by initial CTP. The sensitivity depends on the area size (s): 29% for S < 3 cm2, 83% for S ≥ 3 cm2 - < 6 cm2, 88% for S ≥ 6 cm2 - < 9 cm2, 80% for S ≥ 9 cm2 - < 12 cm2, and 96% for S ≥ 12 cm2 (p < 0.001). Sensitivity depends on the type of infarction: 0% for lacunar, 74% for atherothrombotic, and 92% for cardioembolism (p < 0.001). Sensitivity is not correlated with hours after onset. CT perfusion is an effective imaging modality for the diagnosis and treatment decisions for acute stroke, particularly more serious strokes. J. Med. Invest. 61: 41-45, February, 2014

著者

Kawai Yoshichika

出版者

The University of Tokushima Faculty of Medicine

雑誌

The Journal of Medical Investigation (ISSN:13431420)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.3.4, pp.162-165, 2018 (Released:2018-10-04)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

30

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Many papers have suggested the health‐beneficial activity of natural dietary polyphenols to prevent chronic diseases and aging processes in humans. It is generally recognized that polyphenols are absorbed from the intestines and metabolized into the phase‐Ⅱ conjugates, i.e., the glucuronides and sulfates. For example, a major dietary flavonoid, quercetin, abundant in onion and buckwheat, is metabolized after oral intake into its conjugates, such as quercetin‐3‐O‐glucuronide and quercetin‐3'‐O‐sulfate, whereas no aglycone was found in the human plasma. Therefore, to understand the mechanisms of the biological activity of quercetin in vivo, we should focus on the molecular actions of these conjugates. In the last decade, we have demonstrated the unique actions of quercetin‐3‐O‐glucuronide at sites of inflammation, including specific accumulation in macrophages and the following deconjugation into active aglycone, catalyzed by the macrophage‐derived β‐glucuronidase. This review summarizes recent findings regarding the anti‐inflammatory mechanisms of quercetin conjugates in macrophages and propose a possible strategy for the effective utilization of natural polyphenols in our daily diet for prevention of age‐related chronic diseases. J. Med. Invest. 65:162‐165, August, 2018

著者

Tosiaki Aoyama Naohisa Nosaka Michio Kasai

出版者

徳島大学医学部

雑誌

The Journal of Medical Investigation (ISSN:13431420)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.3,4, pp.385-388, 2007 (Released:2007-09-11)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

33 72

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Medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) have attracted attention as part of a healthy diet, because they are absorbed and transported directly into the liver via the portal vein, metabolized rapidly by β-oxidation, and increase diet-induced thermogenesis. Because medium-chain triacylglycerols (MCT) containing only MCFA has a few weak points as frying oils, we have developed medium- and long-chain triacylglycerols (MLCT). MLCT is produced by lipase-catalyzed enzymatic transesterification. Recently, long-term clinical trials have demonstrated that MLCT and MCT result in less body fat-deposition. MLCT oil (Trade name: Healthy Resseta) is safe and can be substitute for common edible vegetable oils. Healthy Resseta has been approved as FOSHU (Food for Specified Health Use), by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan in December 2002 for use as a cooking oil with a suppressing effect on body fat accumulation. Healthy Resseta is widely sold in Japan. J. Med. Invest. 54: 385-388, August, 2007

著者

Yosuke Kakisaka Kazutaka Jin Mayu Fujikawa Yu Kitazawa Kazuhiro Kato Nobukazu Nakasato

出版者

徳島大学医学部

雑誌

The Journal of Medical Investigation (ISSN:13431420)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.3.4, pp.296-298, 2017 (Released:2017-09-27)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

3

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Multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) is a disorder of unknown etiology with no effective treatment. Many clinicians accept that a diagnosis of somatic symptoms disorder (SSD) is an appropriate diagnostic category for MCS. We found that administration of levetiracetam improved recurrent symptoms of MCS in a patient. A 23-year-old female presented with recurrent multiple symptoms of musculoskeletal, airway or mucous membrane, heart/chest-related, gastrointestinal, cognitive, affective, neuromuscular, head-related, and skin-related induced by exposure to diesel or gas engine exhaust, tobacco smoke, insecticide, gasoline, paint or paint thinner, cleaning products, fragrances, tar or asphalt, nail polish or hairspray, and new furnishings. Gastrointestinal, cognitive, and skin-related symptoms were precipitated by some food additives. She suffered partial seizures from the age of 17 years, and was diagnosed with right parietal lobe epilepsy. Administration of levetiracetam (250 mg/day) eliminated her MCS symptoms. Levetiracetam reduces the release of presynaptic neurotransmitter including glutamate by binding to presynaptic vesicle protein. A recent study established the presence of glutamatergic overactivation in somatization disorder, a form of SSD. Our case may indicate that a subset of patients with SSD have glutamatergic overactivation, which levetiracetam can normalize. J. Med. Invest. 64: 296-298, August, 2017

著者

Saiko Shikanai Ly Koung Ry Hitomi Takeichi Suzuki Emiko Pann San Nobuko Sarukura Sumiko Kamoshita Shigeru Yamamoto

出版者

徳島大学医学部

雑誌

The Journal of Medical Investigation (ISSN:13431420)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.1.2, pp.72-78, 2014 (Released:2014-04-04)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

4 11

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Because of the tastiness of sugars, it is easy to consume more than an adequate amount. There are many research reports that excess sugar intake contributes to dental decay, obesity, diabetes etc. Continuing economic development in Cambodia has made it easier than before for people to consume sugars in their daily life. Currently, isomerized sugar (a mixture of glucose and fructose) made from starches is commonly used in commercial beverages because of its low price. However, in Cambodia and Japan, sugar composition tables that include not only sucrose but also glucose, fructose, lactose and maltose have not been available. Prior to the present nutrition surveys, we made sugar composition tables for both countries. In this study we tried to estimate the intakes of various sugars by children in Cambodia and Japan and to determine the relationship between intake and body weight. Nutrition surveys of children aged 7, 10 and 13 years old were conducted for 3 nonconsecutive days by the 24 h recall method in 89 Cambodian children living in the capital city of Cambodia, Phnom Penh, and 151 Japanese children living in 3 prefectures from north to south. Height and weight of children in Cambodia and Japan were similar until 10 years old but at 13 years old, the Cambodians were shorter and lighter than the Japanese. We could not observe any differences in BMI in either country. The sugar intakes from beverages and snacks were not different among the different gender and age. Thus we combined the mean total sugar intake for Cambodian and Japanese, 28.42 ± 25.28 g and 25.69 ± 16.16 g respectively. These were within the range of WHO recommendations (less than 10% of energy intakes). Cambodian children consumed about 46% of sugars from commercial beverages and snacks and Japanese children 26%. This means that for Cambodians half of the sugars came from isomerized sugar made from starches. Relationships between sugar intake and body weight were not observed in both countries. In conclusion, the Cambodian children consumed about 46% of sugar from glucose and fructose (probably in the form of isomerized sugar), while the Japanese children took 26%; however, the intakes in both countries met the WHO recommendation and there was no relationship to body weight. J. Med. Invest. 61: 72-78, February, 2014

著者

Koichi Sairyo Kosaku Higashino Kazuta Yamashita Fumio Hayashi Keizo Wada Toshinori Sakai Yoichiro Takata Fumitake Tezuka Masatoshi Morimoto Tomoya Terai Takashi Chikawa Hiroshi Yonezu Akihiro Nagamachi Yoshihiro Fukui

出版者

徳島大学医学部

雑誌

The Journal of Medical Investigation (ISSN:13431420)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.1.2, pp.1-6, 2017 (Released:2017-03-29)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

31

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Percutaneous endoscopic surgery for the lumbar spine, which was established in the last decade, requires only an 8-mm skin incision and causes minimal damage to the paravertebral muscles; thus, it is considered to be a minimally invasive technique for spinal surgery. It has been used to perform percutaneous endoscopic discectomy via two main approaches: the TF approach is a posterolateral one through the intervertebral foramen and can be done under local anesthesia; the IL approach is a more traditional one through the interlaminar space and is difficult to perform under local anesthesia. Recently, these techniques have been applied for lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS), the TF method for foraminal stenosis under local anesthesia, and the IL method for central and lateral recess stenosis under general anesthesia. In this study, using a fresh human cadaver model, we performed simultaneous decompression of the lateral recess and foraminal stenosis at L4-5 using the TF approach. Computed tomography confirmed enlargement of the lateral recess and intervertebral foramen. This technique, which can be performed under local anesthesia, should benefit elderly patients with LSS and poor general condition due to multiple comorbidities. Finally, we introduce the concept of percutaneous transforaminal ventral facetectomy using a spinal percutaneous endoscope. J. Med. Invest. 64: 1-6, February, 2017

著者

Yoko Tanemura Hisami Yamanaka-Okumura Masae Sakuma Yoshitaka Nii Yutaka Taketani Eiji Takeda

出版者

徳島大学医学部

雑誌

The Journal of Medical Investigation (ISSN:13431420)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.3.4, pp.291-297, 2014 (Released:2014-09-27)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

2 24

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Long-term suppression of postprandial glucose concentration is an important dietary strategy for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes. Because previous reports have suggested that seaweed may exert anti-diabetic effects in animals, the effects of Wakame or Mekabu intake with 200 g white rice, 50 g boiled soybeans, 60 g potatoes, and 40 g broccoli on postprandial glucose, insulin and free fatty acid levels were investigated in healthy subjects. Plasma glucose levels at 30 min and glucose area under the curve (AUC) at 0-30 min after the Mekabu meal were significantly lower than that after the control meal. Plasma glucose and glucose AUC were not different between the Wakame and control meals. Postprandial serum insulin and its AUC and free fatty acid concentration were not different among the three meals. In addition, fullness, satisfaction, and wellness scores were not different among the three meals. Thus, consumption of 70 g Mekabu with a white rice-based breakfast reduces postprandial glucose concentration. J. Med. Invest. 61: 291-297, August, 2014

著者

Eiji Takeda Junji Terao Yutaka Nakaya Ken-ichi Miyamoto Yoshinobu Baba Hiroshi Chuman Ryuji Kaji Tetsuro Ohmori Kazuhito Rokutan

出版者

徳島大学医学部

雑誌

The Journal of Medical Investigation (ISSN:13431420)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.3,4, pp.139-145, 2004 (Released:2004-10-27)

参考文献数

51

被引用文献数

30 69

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Stress is a pervasive factor in everyday life that critically affects development and functioning. Severe and prolonged stress exposure impairs homeostatic mechanisms, particularly associated with the onset of depressive illness. Brain food is aimed at preventing as well as treating a growing number of stress-related mental disorders. Some topics on the association of stress and nutrition is reviewed. (1) An increased activity of serotonergic neurons in the brain is an established consequence of stress. An increase in brain tryptophan levels on the order of that produced by eating a carbohydrate-rich/protein-poor meal causes parallel increases in the amounts of serotonin released into synapses. (2) Eating is thought to be suppressed during stress, due to anorectic effects of corticotrophin releasing hormone, and increased during recovery from stress, due to appetite stimulating effects of residual cortisol. (3) A strong inverse association between coffee intake and risk of suicide. (4) Night eating syndrome has been found to occur during periods of stress and is associated with poor results at attempts to lose weight and disturbances in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. (5) Dietary antioxidants present in fruits and vegetables may improve cognitive function. Therefore, it is concluded that the establishment of functional foods that correctly regulate stress response must be firmly based upon scientific knowledge and legal regulation.

著者

Mayumi Yamamoto Masahito Tomotake Tetsuro Ohmori

出版者

徳島大学医学部

雑誌

The Journal of Medical Investigation (ISSN:13431420)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.3,4, pp.254-259, 2008 (Released:2008-09-17)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

1 1 3

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In recent years, the problem of interpersonal relationships has been reported to be associated with various adolescent psychiatric problems. Egocentrism is one factor related to the problem of interpersonal relationships. The Adolescent Egocentrism-Sociocentrism (AES) scale is used to assess egocentrism in Western countries, but no such scale has been developed in Japan.The purpose of our current study was to develop the Japanese version of the AES scale and investigate the relationship between the egocentrism assessed by the AES scale and the self-consciousness assessed by the Japanese version of the self-consciousness scale. The original version of the AES scale was first translated into Japanese using the forward-backward method and examined for factorial reliability and validity. The results demonstrated that the Japanese version of the AES scale shows adequate factorial reliability and validity, but different from the original version the “egocentrism personal fable” subscale which measures the feeling that oneself is special and unique was not extracted in the Japanese version. We found a moderate correlation between the non-social focuses of the AES scale and the public self-consciousness subscale of the self-consciousness scale. This correlation suggests that a strong attention of others’ view on oneself results in the avoidance of others.The Japanese version of the AES scale can examine egocentrism adequately together with sociocentrism and non-social focuses. As this scale is self-reporting and easy to complete, it may have practical utility in a clinical setting. J. Med. Invest. 55: 254-259, August, 2008

著者

Toshiyuki Yasui Sumika Matsui Anna Tani Kotaro Kunimi Satoshi Yamamoto Minoru Irahara

出版者

徳島大学医学部

雑誌

The Journal of Medical Investigation (ISSN:13431420)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.1,2, pp.12-27, 2012 (Released:2012-03-08)

参考文献数

98

被引用文献数

20 70 37

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Menopausal symptoms, bone loss, changes in lipid profiles and reduction of insulin sensitivity due to an abrupt decrease in circulating estrogen level are well known in women during the menopausal transition. On the other hand, the effect of androgen on women’s health has not been fully elucidated. Circulating levels of testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) gradually decrease with age in postmenopausal women, although transient increases have been observed during the menopausal transition. High testosterone level has been suggested to be associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, increased triglyceride, insulin resistance and increase in the risk of developing breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Circulating DHEA-S level does not affect the risk of cardiovascular disease, mortality or lipid profiles in women. Female androgen insufficiency, which is characterized by the presence of reduced androgen level in circulation, leads to an impairment in sexual drive, reduced libido, depressed mood, and signs and symptoms of limited androgen exposure such as decreased muscle mass, reduced bone density and decreased sense of well-being. An appropriate level of androgen may play important roles in metabolic, psychological and sexual functions in women. In addition, the roles of testosterone and DHEA-S in women’s health may be different. J. Med. Invest. 59: 12-27, February, 2012

著者

Suetaka Nishiike Suzuyo Okazaki Hiroshi Watanabe Hironori Akizuki Takao Imai Atsuhiko Uno Tadashi Kitahara Arata Horii Noriaki Takeda Hidenori Inohara

出版者

徳島大学医学部

雑誌

The Journal of Medical Investigation (ISSN:13431420)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.3.4, pp.236-239, 2013 (Released:2013-11-01)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

4 46

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In this study, we examined the effects of sensory inputs of visual-vestibulosomatosensory conflict induced by virtual reality (VR) on subjective dizziness, posture stability and visual dependency on postural control in humans. Eleven healthy young volunteers were immersed in two different VR conditions. In the control condition, subjects walked voluntarily with the background images of interactive computer graphics proportionally synchronized to their walking pace. In the visual-vestibulosomatosensory conflict condition, subjects kept still, but the background images that subjects experienced in the control condition were presented. The scores of both Graybiel’s and Hamilton’s criteria, postural instability and Romberg ratio were measured before and after the two conditions. After immersion in the conflict condition, both subjective dizziness and objective postural instability were significantly increased, and Romberg ratio, an index of the visual dependency on postural control, was slightly decreased. These findings suggest that sensory inputs of visual-vestibulosomatosensory conflict induced by VR induced motion sickness, resulting in subjective dizziness and postural instability. They also suggest that adaptation to the conflict condition decreases the contribution of visual inputs to postural control with re-weighing of vestibulosomatosensory inputs. VR may be used as a rehabilitation tool for dizzy patients by its ability to induce sensory re-weighing of postural control. J. Med. Invest. 60: 236-239, August, 2013

著者

Machiko Kiyokawa Toshiya Matsuzaki Takeshi Iwasa Rie Ogata Masahiro Murakami Riyo Kinouchi Shinobu Yoshida Akira Kuwahara Toshiyuki Yasui Minoru Irahara

出版者

The University of Tokushima Faculty of Medicine

雑誌

The Journal of Medical Investigation (ISSN:13431420)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.1,2, pp.11-18, 2011 (Released:2011-03-01)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

5 11

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Objectives: Reproductive functions are influenced by various feeding regulators. Orexin, which is one of orexinergic peptides, suppresses the pulsatile secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) in bilaterally ovariectomized (OVX) rats. However, the mechanism of this effect is still not clear. To investigate whether neuropeptide Y (NPY) is involved in the orexin A-mediated suppression of pulsatile LH secretion, we evaluated the effects of NPY antibody on the suppressive effect of orexin A. Methods: Orexin A was administered intracerebroventricularly (icv) and NPY antibody (NPY-Ab) was injected before icv administration of orexin A in OVX rats. Pulsatile LH secretion was analyzed by measuring serum LH concentrations in the next 2 h in blood samples drawn at 6-min intervals by radioimmunoassay. Results: Administration of orexin A significantly reduced the mean LH concentration and LH pulse frequency. Co-administration of NPY antibody with orexin A significantly restored the suppressive effect of orexin A on the mean LH concentration and LH pulse frequency. Conclusion: NPY mediated the suppressive effect of intracerebroventricularly injected orexin A on pulsatile LH secretion, suggesting that hypothalamic orexin suppressed pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion via NPY in the hypothalamus of female rats. J. Med. Invest. 58: 11-18, February, 2011

著者

Hideyuki Nemoto Kazue Ikata Hideki Arimochi Teruaki Iwasaki Yoshinari Ohnishi Tomomi Kuwahara Keiko Kataoka

出版者

The University of Tokushima Faculty of Medicine

雑誌

The Journal of Medical Investigation (ISSN:13431420)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.3,4, pp.235-245, 2011 (Released:2011-09-16)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

16

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The aim of this study is to investigate the prebiotic effects of brown rice fermented by Aspergillus oryzae (FBRA) on the intestinal environment in vitro and in healthy adults. Methods: Fresh fecal slurries from six healthy adults were incubated with FBRA to confirm prebiotic potentials of FBRA. Another thirty-six healthy adults were randomly allocated to 2 groups for the clinical study. Subjects consumed 21.0 g/day of either FBRA or control food for 2 weeks, followed by a 12-week intermission and then 2-week ingestion vice versa. Main outcome measures were bifidobacterial numbers and organic acid concentration in feces. Sub outcome measures were fecal microbiota, fecal environments and bowel function. Results: Incubation of fecal slurries with FBRA in vitro resulted in increased organic acids with individual-specific patterns. Bifidobacterial numbers were increased during incubation. In the clinical study, all participants safely completed this study. FBRA had little effect on fecal number of bifidobacteria, concentrations of organic acids or putrefactive metabolites, fecal pH, or fecal microbiota. Conclusion: FBRA has the potentials as a prebiotic, however, we could not detect its effects on the intestinal environment in vivo. The results in a clinical study indicated that FBRA could be safely used for healthy adults. J. Med. Invest. 58: 235-245, August, 2011

著者

Tohru Sakai Mari Kogiso

出版者

The University of Tokushima Faculty of Medicine

雑誌

The Journal of Medical Investigation (ISSN:13431420)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.3,4, pp.167-173, 2008 (Released:2008-09-17)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

80

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The amount of soy products consumed in Japan is much greater than that in Western countries. Recent evidence indicates that soy isoflavones play a beneficial role in obesity, cancer, osteoporosis, and cardiovascular disease. The soybean isoflavone genistein is present at high levels in soy products. Genistein is structurally similar to 17β-estradiol (E2), and genistein has been suggested to be act as E2 or an antagonist against E2. Genistein suppresses antigen-specific immune response in vivo and lymphocyte proliferation response in vitro. However, genistein enhances the cytotoxic response mediated by NK and cytotoxic T cells and the cytokine production from T cells. Thus, the effect of genistein on immunity is immune cell-dependent. Due to its unique effect on immune function, genistein has been used for the treatment of the diseases in animal models and it has been found that genistein inhibits allergic inflammatory responses. In this review, we summarize current studies related to the effect of isoflavone genistein on the immune system. J. Med. Invest. 55: 167-173, August, 2008