著者

Takuro BABA Takaharu GOTO Keiko FUJIMOTO Tsuyoshi HONDA Kazutomo YAGI Kan NAGAO Tetsuo ICHIKAWA

出版者

四国歯学会

雑誌

Journal of Oral Health and Biosciences (ISSN:21887888)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.1, pp.18-25, 2017 (Released:2017-06-30)

参考文献数

45

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Background: Early detection and response to sarcopenia and presbyphagia are needed to address the problems experienced by an aging population. Objective: We aimed to clarify morphological changes in the geniohyoid (GH) muscle and associated aging-related factors, and to examine if changes in the GH muscle predict reduced swallowing function. Materials and Methods: 103 participants (57 women and 46 men, mean age 59.4 ± 19.5 years) were recruited. GH muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) and contraction velocity were measured using ultrasonography. Body height and weight, neck circumference, body mass index, remaining teeth number, occluding teeth number, tongue pressure, and jaw-opening strength were measured. Swallowing function was evaluated using the swallowing screening assessment questionnaire and by measuring swallowing sound duration. Results: GH muscle CSA significantly affected age, gender, body height and weight, neck circumference, remaining teeth number, occluding teeth number, tongue pressure, jaw-opening strength, duration of swallowing sounds, and GH muscle velocity. Covariance structure analysis showed that GH muscle CSA directly influenced swallowing sound duration. Conclusion: Morphological changes in the GH muscle are predictive of decline in swallowing function.

著者

角田 佳折 守田 剛 馬場 麻人

出版者

四国歯学会

雑誌

Journal of Oral Health and Biosciences (ISSN:21887888)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.2, pp.19-25, 2022 (Released:2022-03-06)

参考文献数

25

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The human palatopharyngeus is composed of two divisions: longitudinal and transverse. The longitudinal division originates from the velum, and descends in and along the palatopharyngeal arch to reach the thyroid cartilage and submucosa of the pharynx. It is the portion generally accepted as the palatopharyngeus in standard anatomy textbooks. The transverse division originates from the velum and runs transversely on the lateral to posterior wall of the fauces to reach the pharyngeal raphe. In velopharyngeal closure during swallowing, the lateral and posterior walls of the fauces, opposite to the elevated velum, swell inwards to form Passavant’s ridge, and the pharyngeal isthmus is therefore closed as if strangled. The transverse division occupies the position in which its contraction should produce a ridge and may accordingly be termed the palatopharyngeal sphincter. The transverse division corresponds to the transition muscle bundle (Tr) between the longitudinal division and the superior constrictor of the pharynx (SCP). It remains controversial as to whether the Tr should be regarded as an independent sphincter or as the rostral-most portion of the SCP. In contrast, our previous study clarified that the transverse division was distinct from the SCP, and its contraction may have produced Passavant’s ridge to increase the efficiency of velopharyngeal closure by pressing the salpingopharyngeal fold and musculus uvulae ridge against the elevated velum. In mammals with an intranarial larynx, three muscles radiate from the velum to the tongue, the larynx, and the pharyngeal wall: the palatoglossus, palatothyreoideus (pt), and palatopharyngeus (pp). The latter two collectively correspond to the muscle designated here as the palatopharyngeus and are considered responsible for maintaining the intranarial larynx as follows: the pt draws the larynx near the velum as a retractor while the pp holds the larynx in that position as a sphincter. In humans, however, the larynx is positioned low and is largely separate from the velum, and therefore the anatomical states of the two muscles change as follows: in the pt and lower portion of the pp, the site of insertion descends together with the larynx and the muscles become vertical to form the longitudinal division, whereas the upper portion of the pp, which is not as markedly affected by the descending larynx, retains its primitive position and original sphincter function to form the transverse division.

著者

高橋 章

出版者

四国歯学会

雑誌

Journal of Oral Health and Biosciences (ISSN:21887888)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.1, pp.57-61, 2018 (Released:2018-07-05)

参考文献数

9

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Both periapical and panoramic radiographies are routinely used in the daily dental practice. They may accidentally reveal abnormal radiopacities. However, clinicians may overlook or misdiagnose these radiopacities more frequently than abnormal radiolucensies. In this paper, common radiopaque lesions including periapical focal radiopacities and tonsilloliths were introduced. These imaging characteristics and clue to differential diagnosis were also described.

著者

三木 かなめ 玉木 直文 伊藤 博夫

出版者

四国歯学会

雑誌

Journal of Oral Health and Biosciences (ISSN:21887888)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.1, pp.16-25, 2019 (Released:2019-07-03)

参考文献数

49

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Herbs have long been used to maintain mental and physical health, and are now referenced to as medical herbs. At present, herbs are commonly utilized as tea, spice, perfume, etc., and are also used as traditional medicines and relaxation tools. In recent years, life style diseases, such as atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus and arthritis, are rapidly increasing, despite the progress of western medicine. Therefore, integrated medicine for patient-centered medical treatment that combines western medicine and “complementary and alternative medicines (CAM)”, can be adopted to treat various diseases. Phytotherapy with herbs has been getting increasing attention because its efficacy and pharmacological actions have been proven in evidence-based studies, when compared with other types of CAM. This paper introduces the effectiveness of herbs to treat dental diseases, and to treat systemic diseases associated with periodontal disease, using the two American databases for herbs, i.e., “Natural Standard Herb & Supplement Reference” and “Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database”. One of herbs to treat systemic diseases associated with periodontal disease, is a plant called Cat's Claw, which is known to have many active ingredients and beneficial properties. The characterization and the availability of its components for prevention and treatment of periodontal disease are introduced in this paper. Natural herbs, such as Cat's Claw, contain many beneficial phytochemicals including polyphenols, sterols and terpenoids. Therefore, they possess various useful properties, i.e., anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-bacterial activities. In addition, they have very few known side effects. Ingestion of natural herbs as crude extracts, such as tea, is being considered for the promotion of individual health in daily life.

著者

垣内 菜摘 湊 晶帆 岡澤 悠衣 大津 朱里 藤原 奈津美 日野出 大輔 伊賀 弘起

出版者

四国歯学会

雑誌

四国歯学会雑誌 (ISSN:09146091)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.1, pp.49-53, 2014-06-30

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We visited Helsinki Metropolia University of Applied Sciences from August 14th to 22nd as a short-term study abroad supported by Japan Student Services Organization (JASSO). We participated in the basic and clinical training of the oral hygiene course. Furthermore, we also visited the institution for elderly in Espoo and the orthopedic hospital in Helsinki. We reported the outline of the study abroad here.